关于计划生育法制建设的思考

社会主义市场经济体制的建立和完善，给计划生育工作带来了一系列的新情况、新问题。因此，把计划生育工作纳入法制的轨道显得尤为重要。本文分析了我国计划生育工作靠行政约束的局限性；总结了市场经济体制下，计划生育工作面临的新特点；阐述了加强计划生育法制建设的紧迫性和可行性；并提出了计划生育立法的基本思路     

Experimental study on non-destructive testing of rock bolts based on pseudo-random signal

The quality of rock bolt anchoring is closely related to the stability and safety of underground engineering and slope protection. In this paper, non-destructive testing of rock bolts is proposed based on pseudo-random signal, owing to the deficiencies of the conventional detecting method of stress wave reflection. The characteristics of pseudo-random signal for non-destructive testing of rock bolts are introduced. And the rock bolts are tested in the experiment, the time of reflection wave is identified and the length of rock bolts is calculated through cross correlation analysis between the extracted wavelet signal and the test signal. It is proved that the testing results of non-destructive testing methods based on pseudo-random signal are of low deviation. The experiment has shown that non-destructive testing of rock bolts based on pseudo-random signal is feasible with high precision.     

埕岛油田海底管道漏磁检测与安全评估

提出了埕岛油田海底管道内缺陷漏磁检测需解决的主要问题,研发了325 mm管道内缺陷漏磁检测装置,确定了海底管道漏磁检测工艺流程,配套了管道检测发射装置、接受装置等相关设施,实现了海底管道的漏磁检测、缺陷分析和安全评估。     

高含硫气田试气与地面工程建设交叉作业安全管理方法初探

普光气田作为高含硫气田在国内大规模开发,尚属首例,在气田开发过程中没有可借鉴的经验.高含硫气井试气作业中易发生井喷、硫化氢泄漏等事故.普光气田地面工程建设施工难度大、地形复杂,按照工程进度要求,试气作业和地面集输工程施工两项作业交叉时必须实现“安全作业、安全施工”,这是普光气田开发的基本目标.通过制订安全管理制度、明确责任主体、服从业主统一管理等有效的安全管理方法,保证了目标的实现,获得安全管理经验,对今后高含硫气田大规模开发具有指导意义.     

加强危险场所电气安全检测,提高化工企业本质安全水平

针对近年来化工企业电气安全、防静电等事故多发的现状,本文通过对化工企业电气安全、防静电等安全设施存在的问题进行分析,阐述了化工企业电气安全、防静电设施存在的主要缺陷,强调了利用技术支撑手段对在用安全设施进行检测检验对提高企业本质安全水平的重要性,并对如何做好电气安全、防静电等安全设施的检测工作提出了建议。     

锂电池检测的安全标准及安全防护研究

为评估并提高锂电池在使用、储存和运输过程中的安全,本文归纳总结了国内外锂电池安全检测的相关标准,对标准中测试项目异同作了重点分析和对比,并讨论了锂电池的安全风险及风险分级情况。同时,鉴于锂电池检测过程中可能出现的起火、爆炸等危险,探讨了电池检测过程的安全防护技术,并从样品区和试验区两方面提出了安全防护要求和建议。     

Effects of falling weight impact on industrial safety helmets used in conjunction with eye and face protection devices

Industrial workplaces pose concurrent hazards to the upper part of the head and the eyes. Under the circumstances, workers may use protective helmets in conjunction with protective goggles or spectacles. In order to assess the compatibility of this equipment, a method and a test stand for evaluating the behavior of safety helmets and protective goggles/spectacles upon the impact of a falling weight were designed. The results of tests concerning the displacement and deformation of helmets and spectacles/goggles, the forces acting on the helmets, as well as the forces exerted by the spectacles/goggles on the headform upon falling weight impact are presented. The results revealed the ways in which the tested equipment interacted with each other. The influence of equipment construction on the test results was analyzed and inferences concerning the safety of the studied protective devices were made. Some general construction guidelines were formulated for the compatibility of the equipment.     

Performance-based earthquake evaluation of a full-scale petrochemical piping system

Assessment of seismic vulnerability of industrial petrochemical and oil & gas piping systems can be performed, beyond analytical tools, through experimental testing as well. Along this line, this paper describes an experimental test campaign carried out on a full-scale piping system in order to assess its seismic behaviour. In particular, a typical industrial piping system, containing several critical components, such as elbows, a bolted flange joint and a Tee joint, was tested under different levels of realistic earthquake loading. They corresponded to serviceability and ultimate limit states for support structures as suggested by modern performance-based earthquake engineering standards. The so called hybrid simulation techniques namely, pseudo-dynamic and real time testing with dynamic substructuring, were adopted to perform seismic tests. Experimental results displayed a favourable performance of the piping system and its components; they remained below their yielding, allowable stress and allowable strain limits without any leakage even at the Near Collapse Limit State condition for the support structure. Moreover, the favourable comparison between experimental and numerical results, proved the validity of the proposed hybrid techniques alternative to shaking table tests.     

采用水解酸化-复合好氧处理制药工业废水的工艺评价

以制药工业综合废水处理为例对其采用的两级水解酸化复合好氧工艺的处理效果进行评估。按常规指标进行评估,该工艺对于制药综合废水的处理效果达到了设计目的,COD去除率可达到78.2%以上,NH+4-N的去除率达到99.3%,出水质量基本满足"污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)"二级标准和"辽宁省污水综合排放标准(DB21.1627-2008)";急性毒性的检测表明,经过该工艺处理后出水为低毒性;三维荧光谱分析(EEM)表明,制药综合废水经生物处理后的可溶性有机物中仍然存在难降解物质,建议增加物化处理以提高处理效果;并且制药废水经处理后的出水中的盐度对排入的生态系统存在风险,建议纳入排放标准以加强管理。     

松散煤体渗流传热试验装置研制

为研究松散煤体低温氧化及通风供氧下的渗流传热规律,研发了渗流传热试验装置。试验装置由气体加湿系统、气体加热系统、煤样反应系统、数据采集系统和安全保护系统组成;本装置可实现自动加湿、控温、自动采集数据及处理数据。为解决装置使用和运行中的安全问题,设计了断电保护、有害气体检测等措施,保障试验装置的安全、可靠。