重庆市工业经济发展与环境影响关系的实证分析

采用灰色关联度分析与改进IPAT方程模型,对重庆市1995年-2008年工业经济发展与环境影响之间的关系进行了实证研究。研究发现,除工业废气总量外,其他主要工业污粢物的排放都得到了很好的控制,但SO2的生态效率相对偏低,说明未来重庆市工业污染管理的工作重点应是工业废气总量指标,同时,对SO2的控制也需进一步加强。     

Assessment of the temporal and spatial distribution of atmospheric PCNs and their air–soil exchange using passive air samplers in Shanghai,East China

A total of 47 passive air samples and 25 soil samples were collected to study the temporal trend, distribution, and air–soil exchange of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) in Shanghai, China. Atmospheric PCNs ranged from 3.44 to 44.1 pg/m³ (average of 21.9 pg/m³) in summer and 13.6 to 153 pg/m³ (average of 40.0 pg/m³) in winter. In the soil samples, PCN concentrations were 54.7–1382 pg/g dry weight (average of 319 pg/g). Tri-CNs and tetra-CNs were two dominant homolog groups in air samples, while di-CNs were also found at comparable proportions to tri-CNs and tetra-CNs in soil samples. Most air and soil samples from the industrial and urban areas showed higher PCN concentrations than those from suburban areas. However, some soil samples in urban centers presented higher PCN concentrations than industrial areas. Analysis of PCN sources indicated that both industrial thermal process and historical usage of commercial PCN mixtures contributed to the PCN burden in most areas. The fugacity fraction results indicated a strong tendency of volatilization for lighter PCNs (tri- to hexa-CNs) in both seasons, and air–soil deposition for octa-CNs. Moreover, air–soil exchange fluxes indicate that soil was an important source of atmospheric PCNs in some areas. The results of this study provide information for use in the evaluation of the potential impact and human health risk of PCNs around the study areas.

     

唐山地震高烈度区Vs30经验估计研究∗

以唐山地震高烈度区场地条件为背景,选取并整理其中 701 个实际钻孔的剪切波速测试资料,分别计算国际上较普遍采用的场地分类指标 V_se和 V_s30,初步建立了适用于唐山地区 V_se与 V_s30的对应关系,利用 Boore 提出的速度梯度外推法,回归得到了唐山地区 V_s30的经验模型与拟合参数,并与四个地区(北京、新疆乌鲁木齐、加利福尼亚、 日本 KiK-net)的经验公式进行了对比。结果表明,场地分类指标 V_se和 V_s30之间具有强相关性,不同地区数据回归得到的经验公式能够得到很好的预测结果,也能对场地类别相近地区的剪切波速模型预测提供参考。