评价法在九龙江水体富营养化评价中的应用

采集7个断面水样并监测了其总磷(TP)、叶绿素a(Chl-a)、高锰酸钾指数(CODMn)、总氮(TN)。利用所得数据,采用模糊数学法综合评价了九龙江(芗城段)水体富营养化程度。结果表明:九龙江(芗城段)富营养化基本为Ⅴ级,个别断面富营养化为Ⅵ级或偏向Ⅵ级。     

浅析湖泊环境中凤尾莲的化感作用

综述了凤尾莲抑藻化感作用及其对其他植物的影响,凤尾莲化感物质及其作用机理,其他植物对凤尾莲的化感作用。认为在下一步的工作中,应着重对凤尾莲化感作用涉及到的生理、生化和生态机制开展研究。     

《环境科学导刊》征稿简则

正《环境科学导刊》,投稿及联系邮箱:ynhjkx@yies.org.cn;电话(传真):0871-64142389;国内统一刊号:CN53-1205/X;国际标准刊号:ISSN1673-9655。《环境科学导刊》是云南省环境保护厅主管,云南省环境科学研究院主办的学术类环境科技双月刊。刊物力求反映环境科学的研究成果、应用技术、新理论、新方法,活跃学术气氛,促进学术交流。《环境科学导刊》设置有科研专题研究、环境管理、水环境保护、高原湖泊研究、生态环境保护、污染防治、污染治理技术、大气污染防治、农业环境保护、环境与人体健康、环境监测、环境影响评价等栏目。欢迎     

欢迎订阅《环境科学导刊》杂志

正《环境科学导刊》,投稿及联系邮箱:ynhjkx@yies.org.cn;电话(传真):0871-64142389;国内统一刊号:CN53-1205/X;国际标准刊号:ISSN1673-9655。《环境科学导刊》(原《云南环境科学》)创刊于1982年,是云南省环境保护厅主管,云南省环境科学研究院主办,全国公开发行的环保科技期刊。本刊主要刊登环境科学学术性论文、环境科研报告及介绍环境工程应用技术的文章。主要栏目有:科研专题研究、环境管理、水环境保护、高原湖泊研究、生态环境保     

福建省主要江河入海口水质状况及其变化趋势研究

根据2010年-2013年福建省主要江河入海口每月一次的监测调查资料,评价2013年的入海口水质现状和富营养化程度,分析2013年的月变化和2010年-2013年的年际变化.结果表明,2013年福建省11条主要江河入海口水质均为劣四类海水水质,富营养化程度高且磷限制特征明显.入海口的石油类和化学需氧量的月变化和年变化受降雨影响大,高值区主要在降雨多的月份和年份,入海口的无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量受水中浮游植物和降雨量双重影响,夏秋低,春冬高,年际变化受年际降雨量变化影响有所波动,但大部分入海口的无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量呈略微上升的趋势.     

陈家大院泡湖泊湿地植物多样性研究

研究陈家大院泡湖泊湿地植物多样性规律对于改善大庆市萨尔图区的生态环境,了解物种群落丰富度具有重要意义.通过野外样地调查,分析了陈家大院泡湖泊湿地植物群落组成,并计算了植物群落多样性特征指数,包括Margalef指数,Simpson指数,Shannon-wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数,结果表明,研究区湖泊湿地共有38种植物,分别隶属于18科34属,除榆树为木本植物外,有36种草本植物以及1种藓类植物.经数据处理后得出,每个样方平均含有3个物种,植株个体数目平均为115,Margalef指数平均值为0.567,Simpson指数平均值为0.814,Shannon-wiener指数平均值为0.313,Pielou均匀度指数平均值为0.267.由此看出,陈家大院泡湖泊湿地植物多样性水平较低,植物群落组成较为单一,生态环境脆弱.     

黄鹿水库水质演变及富营养化防治分析研究

水库在农业灌溉、工业用水、水产养殖和城市供水一直发挥着重要作用。近年来,各大中城市把水库作为饮用水水源,其重要地位日益凸显,这也对水库水质提出了更高的要求。本文通过对新建的黄鹿水库开始蓄水至2012年5年多的水质监测,分析研究黄鹿水库蓄水初期主要污染物变化过程、营养状态变化过程、水质总体变化趋势及营养盐类变化,并提出黄鹿水库富营养化防治措施。     

A restoration-promoting integrated floating bed and its experimental performance in eutrophication remediation

Numerous studies on eutrophication remediation have mainly focused on purifying water first, then restoring submerged macrophytes. A restoration-promoting integrated floating bed （RPIFB） was designed to combine the processes of water purification and macrophyte restoration simultaneously. Two outdoor experiments were conducted to evaluate the ecological functions of the RP1FB. Trial 1 was conducted to compare the eutrophication purification among floating bed, gradual-submerging bed （GSB） and RPIFB technologies. The results illustrated that RPIFB has the best purification capacity. Removal efficiencies of RPIFB for TN, TP,NH4＋-N, NO3-N, CODcr, Chlorophyll-a and turbidity were 74.45%, 98.31%, 74.71%, 88.81%, 71.42%, 90.17% and 85%, respectively. In trial 2, influences of depth of GSB and photic area in RPIFB on biota were investigated. When the depth of GSB decreased and the photic area of RPIFB grew, the height of Potamogeton crispus Linn. increased, but the biomass of Canna indica Linn. was reduced. The mortalities of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and Bellamya aeruginosa in each group were all less than 7%. All results indicated that when the RPIFB was embedded into the eutrophic water, the regime shift from phytoplankton-dominated to macrophyte-dominated state could be promoted. Thus, the RPIFB is a promising remediation technology for eutrophication and submerged macrophyte restoration.     

Submerged vegetation removal promotes shift of dominant phytoplankton functional groups in a eutrophic lake

Historical data indicate that the dominance of submerged plants in Dianchi Lake in the 1960 s was characterized by low algal density with dominance of non-toxic group J（Scenedesmus,Pediastrum,etc.）. The removal of submerged plants,which began in the 1970 s,resulted in the expansion of bloom-forming Microcystis（group M）. Laboratory experiments suggested that Microcystis aeruginosa was inclined to grow and develop at elevated temperatures. The growth of Scenedesmus obliquus was slower than that of co-cultivated M. aeruginosa in the absence of Ceratophyllum demersum,especially at higher temperatures. The existence of submerged plant C. demersum could inhibit the growth of the harmful algae M. aeruginosa and this inhibitory effect by C. demersum was enhanced with an increase in temperature. Instead,with C. demersum,the growth of S. obliquus was not inhibited,but the co-cultivated M. aeruginosa was eliminated in a short time. Combined with the historical data and laboratory experiments,it was indicated that the submerged plants might play important roles in the dominance of the non-toxic group J in the historical succession. Consequently,the introduction of the submerged plant such as C. demersum might alter the dominant phytoplankton functional groups from M to J and benefit the restoration of the eutrophic lake.     

Beyond hypoxia：Occurrence and characteristics of black blooms due to the decomposition of the submerged plant Potamogeton crispus in a shallow lake

Organic matter-induced black blooms(hypoxia and an offensive odor) are a serious ecosystem disasters that have occurred in some large eutrophic shallow lakes in China. In this study, we investigated two separate black blooms that were induced by Potamogeton crispus in Lake Taihu, China. The main physical and chemical characteristics, including color- and odor-related substances, of the black blooms were analyzed. The black blooms were characterized by low dissolved oxygen concentration(close to 0 mg/L), low oxidation-reduction potential, and relatively low pH of overlying water. Notably higher Fe2+and∑S2-were found in the black-bloom waters than in waters not affected by black blooms. The black color of the water may be attributable to the high concentration of these elements, as black FeS was considered to be the main substance causing the black color of blooms in freshwater lakes. Volatile organic sulfur compounds, including dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, and dimethyl trisulfide, were very abundant in the black-bloom waters. The massive anoxic degradation of dead Potamogeton crispus plants released dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, and dimethyl trisulfide, which were the main odor-causing compounds in the black blooms. The black blooms also induced an increase in ammonium nitrogen and soluble reactive phosphorus levels in the overlying waters. This extreme phenomenon not only heavily influenced the original lake ecosystem but also greatly changed the cycling of Fe, S, and nutrients in the water column.