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121.
生物法-人工湿地工艺处理采油废水及其有机物的降解特性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用水解酸化-好氧-人工湿地和水解酸化-人工湿地2种工艺流程处理油田某联合处理站经隔油、混凝处理的采油废水,并运用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)技术研究采油废水处理过程中有机物的迁移降解规律.结果表明,水解酸化(水力停留时间HRT=20 h)好-氧(HRT=10 h人)-工湿地(HRT=2 d)与水解酸化(HRT=20 h人)-工湿地(HRT=4 d),2种工艺的出水水质都能达到COD≤80 mg/L、NH+4-N≤15 mg/L.GC-MS分析结果表明,水解酸化能显著改善采油废水的可生化性,好氧及人工湿地对含苯环类有机污染物处理效果显著. 相似文献
122.
SPME-GC/MS法测定垃圾渗沥液中双酚A 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
建立了固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用法测定垃圾渗沥液中双酚A的方法,并用于广州大田山垃圾渗沥液中双酚A含量的测定。对影响萃取的参数进行了优化,实验选用涂层厚度为85μm聚丙烯酸酯(PA)萃取纤维,在搅拌速度为1200r/min、NaCl浓度为20%、pH2.0和室温条件下萃取60min。方法的线性范围为0.1~100μg/L,检出限为0.03μg/L,精密度为6.6%。应用本方法监测了广州大田山垃圾渗沥液中BPA的含量在生物法处理过程中的变化情况。 相似文献
123.
新生产空调客车内挥发性有机物浓度水平和来源分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选取某厂家新生产的、下线时间不超过28d的53座新空调客车,在车辆处于静止状态下采用二次热解析-毛细管气相色谱/质谱联用法测量新空调车内挥发性有机物的分布特征和浓度水平.根据NIST02标准谱图进行匹配检索,结合色谱保留时间定性,共定性检出33种挥发性有机物,包括烷烃(15种、45.4%)、芳香类化合物(9种、27.3%)、醇(4种、12.1%),酮(3种、9.1%)、酯(2种、6.1%),且大多集中在C6~C10的范围内.新车内浓度最高的前5种挥发性有机物分别为癸烷(8.01 mg/m3)、3-甲基己烷(7.10mg/m3)、庚烷(5.10mg/m3)、异庚烷(4.20 ms/m3)和1-甲基,3-乙基苯(3,56 mg/3),总挥发性有机物TV012,52.5mR/m3.烷烃主要来源于空调车内部保温材料如聚氨酯(PU)发泡海绵或者聚乙烯(PE)发泡材料的释放,而车内检出的芳香族化合物主要来自汽车内饰用胶粘剂、密封胶等的释放. 相似文献
124.
125.
微囊藻毒素是一类由蓝藻产生的具有肝毒性的生物毒素。微囊藻毒素标准品是开展为微囊藻毒素相关研究的必需的实验材料,文章以滇池天然水华蓝藻为原料,建立了以5%乙酸和75%的甲醇溶液提取,通过优化提取、分离和制备条件,制备了一定量的微囊藻毒素高纯度样品,经HPLC鉴定分析,纯度可达90%以上。文章在相同的质谱条件下分别对MC-LR和[Dha7]MC-LR等毒素进行了质谱检测,一级质谱结果表明,MC-LR和[Dha7]MC-LR的一价电离离子峰分别为995和981,MC-RR的二价电离离子峰为520,并分析它们的二级质谱裂解特征,确定三种毒素化学结构MC-RR为环(Ala-Arg-MeAsp-Arg-Adda-Glu-Mdha)、MC-LR为环(Ala-Leu-MeAsp-Arg-Adda-Glu-Mdha)、[Dha7]MC-LR为环(Ala-Leu-MeAsp-Arg-Adda-Glu-Dha)。改良后的检测方法同样应用于检测受微囊藻毒素污染的武汉东湖水样。 相似文献
126.
石化污水处理场挥发性有机物排放状况研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用便携式气相色谱-质谱联用仪时石化污水处理场排放的挥发性有机物的排放状况进行了测定.检测出的挥发性有机物中以烷烃和芳香烃为主,总浓度随污水处理工艺流程逐级降低.芳香烃的质量分数为33.23%~84.73%. 相似文献
127.
The spatial variation of heavy metals in the soils in Shuikoushan mining-smelting area, Hunan Province, China, was investigated
using multivariate and geo-statistic analysis. A total of 106 composite soil samples were collected in an area of about 100 km2.
Concentrations of total As, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu and Cr were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Arsenic and Pb were found to have a common source, indicating the same sources and spreading processes, such as aerosols and
airborne particulates from smelting chimneys. Airborne sources from smelting chimneys contributed greatly to Cd in the area, which
demonstrated the same dispersion pattern as As and Pb. However, two hot spots of Cd around smelters were possibly enlarged by
wastewaters, demonstrating another important source of Cd in Shuikouhsan. Geo-statistic interpolated mapping demonstrated that hotspots
of Zn were only found proximal to the large smelters, suggesting that Zn primarily came from the chimneys of larger smelters.
The major Cu hot-spots appeared closely to the tailing dam, indicating that weathering and leaching of tailings were the major sources
of Cu contamination in Shuikoushan. Our findings indicated that airborne volatile particles and aerosols contributed the most to As,
Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu contamination, while Cd and Cu may also derive from the discharge of wastewater from smelters and the leaching
of tailings, respectively. 相似文献
128.
Characterization of organic matter in total suspended particles by
thermodesorption and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ZHAO Jinping PENG Ping’an SONG Jianzhong MA Shexi SHENG Guoying FU Jiamo 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2009,21(12):1658-1666
The organic matter in tropospheric aerosol plays an important role in atmospheric physical and chemical processes. The bulk of
organic matter, representing a significant proportion of the total suspended particulate (TSP) mass, is bound to polymeric material
whose structure and properties are largely unknown. Here we used thermodesorption gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Td-
GC/MS) to study organic compounds of low molecular mass and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to
characterize the chemical structure of macromolecules in TSP samples collected in di erent seasons from di erent sites in Guangzhou.
n-Alkanes, fatty acids and nitriles were the predominant compounds in the thermodesorption products, whereas aromatics, fatty acids,
nitriles and n-alkanes/alkenes were the major compounds in the pyrolysates. The results indicated that aromatics were main units in
macromolecules. The fatty acids and nitriles formed from carboxylic ammonium salts were detected in both thermodesorption products
and pyrolysates at a certain concentration, indicating the importance of these compounds in TSP formation. The TSP source mainly
determined the occurrence of compounds in samples from urban, suburban and forest sites, whereas the TSP source and formation
process maybe controlled the seasonal variation in compounds detected. High levels of nitriles in summer samples from suburban and
forest sites coincide with the release of ammonium from the land and of fatty acids from vegetation at these sites. 相似文献
129.
130.