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161.
162.
Richard G. V. Boelens 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》1996,2(2):169-174
The Irish Sea’s distinctive hydrographic features present unique opportunities for research into the complex processes that
regulate shelf-sea ecosystems. Such studies are essential in developing capabilities to detect and evaluate change in marine
environments. A 1993 review showed almost 230 projects underway on the Irish Sea, spanning all the major fields of marine
science. But a large proportion of research projects failed to indicate the purpose of the work; overall, there was a remarkable
absence of clarity and specificity in the objectives. Progress in some fields is also hampered by insufficient coordination
and cohesion; at present there are no standing arrangements between Ireland and the United Kingdom that provide for bilateral
co-ordination of scientific work in the area. There is clearly a need for a more planned and integrated Irish Sea science
programme to provide information for management purposes and also to advance scientific understanding of the components and
functions of Irish Sea ecosystems, and how and why they change with time. There is a common belief that the first of these
predominantly involves monitoring, and the second research. However, the paper cautions that this is a dubious and unnecessary
distinction. A strategy aimed at better integration of research and monitoring (e.g. a framework of linked objectives and
targets) could substantially increase the information dividend from current investments in Irish Sea science. Based on a joint
Irish/UK review, this paper outlines studies and approaches that are seen as key elements of a future, more relevant and cost-effective
research programme for the Irish Sea. 相似文献
163.
以贵溪冶炼厂几个主要阶段的环保投入、对周边环境的影响等为依据。结合可持续发展理论,探讨经济发展与环境保护的相互关系,寻求工业企业可持续发展的模式与对策,总结值得借鉴的经验。 相似文献
164.
论述了污水管理方案的主要内容和一般要求,以及必要的实验研究:技术路线、最佳工艺条件、治理效果曲线,提出了研制污水治理方案应注意的几个问题。 相似文献
165.
The present and potential adverse effects of the atmospheric input of acidic and acidifying substances on the environment
have been of significant public and scientific concern for the past several decades. This article describes the background,
design, implementation, and major accomplishments of a 6-yr integrated multidisciplinary environmental research program designed
to address the issue of the regional scale consequences of acidic deposition on the environment and human health in Alberta.
The research program was called the Acid Deposition Research Program (ADRP) and was a cooperative undertaking between industry,
the Energy Resources Conservation Board, and the government of Alberta, Canada. The research effort was designed and guided
by two external science advisory boards, biophysical and human health, to maintain objectivity and continuity from beginning
to end. Public input was sought, encouraged, and ensured by a public advisory board. The major conclusions of the ADRP are
presented as well as observations on the needs of future integrated multidisciplinary research programs. 相似文献
166.
Meng PJ Lee HJ Wang JT Chen CC Lin HJ Tew KS Hsieh WJ 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,156(1):67-75
Before 2001, the ecological protection area in the Kenting National Park (KTNP), southern Taiwan, was poorly described. In this study, a set of four-year data (2001-2004) of seawater qualities at 19 sampling sites around the Nanwan Bay in the KTNP was used to explore anthropogenic impacts to ecological environment, especially coral reefs. The parameters of water quality were analyzed immediately after collection. The results showed that higher values of nutrients and suspended solids were attributed to the higher run-off around Nanwan Bay. The fluxes of nutrients and suspended solids were consistently correlated to rainfall. Hence, equations were developed to calculate nutrient fluxes and suspended solids by using only rainfall data. Our results show that suspended solids and ammonia were the dominant factors leading to the drop in coral coverage. In summary, the water quality in the intertidal zone of Nanwan Bay has been degraded and required greater attention. 相似文献
167.
Christopher J. Anderson William J. Mitsch 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2008,44(6):1512-1520
Abstract: Tree basal growth in response to flooding regime was evaluated at a 5.2‐ha bottomland forest along the Olentangy River in central Ohio. Tree‐ring analysis was used to develop a 14‐year basal area increment (BAI) (cm2/year) series for 42 canopy trees (representing 10 species) throughout the bottomland. Mean annual BAI was evaluated relative to the frequency and duration of bankfull (>70 m3/s) and high‐flood (>154 m3/s) river discharge for a given water year (October 1‐September 30) and growing season (April 1‐September 30). A significant polynomial relationship was detected between the number of days of high‐flood river discharge over a combined two‐year period (Year i + Year i ? 1) and mean annual BAI. No significant relationships were detected when only the concurrent‐year or previous‐year flood regimes were considered or when growing season was considered. A similar relationship was detected when duration of high‐flood discharge days and BAI were both evaluated in two‐year increments (Year i + Year i ? 1). Mean annual BAI was most influenced by boxelder (Acer negundo) which was the dominant species and exhibited strong agreement with the overall BAI series. In each case, the resulting parabolic curve of tree basal growth in response to flooding suggests an optimal number of flooding days, a response to perturbation consistent with the subsidy‐stress model. Dendrochronology may be a useful tool for managers looking to restore environmental flows to regulated rivers. 相似文献
168.
Clive Smallman 《Journal of Safety Research》2001,32(4):391-439
Problem: Workplace health and safety remains an important international socioeconomic issue, but the progressive declines in reported incidents may be slowing. The British Government has responded by launching a new policy initiative aimed at “Revitalizing Health and Safety” by establishing targets for improvement, strategies, and a series of action points, mainly targeting employers and organizational issues. This paper critically assesses the realities of implementing this policy with respect to the scientific base for each of the strategies. Method: Literature meta-analysis; analysis of policy. Results: Empirically proven determinants of workplace health and safety provide baselines for compensation and conditions of work, workforce characteristics, workplace characteristics, health and safety environment, political and economic factors, and industry characteristics. Support for different policy elements is varied and there are some significant gaps. Summary: An impressive body of research was found that offers a firm foundation for future developments. However, the need for work that is interdisciplinary, ordered, and collaborative is pressing. The need to move away from elegant but simplistic pictures of occupational health and safety (OHS) management practice, and to reflect true complexity is imperative. The reality of health and safety at work is that it is an issue that is taken lightly by those who do not practice or research safe and healthy working, and a serious issue for victims or relatives of victims of shoddy management. It remains one of the bastions of inequality of work worldwide. Impact on industry: The intent of governments in attempting to reinvigorate the suppression of workplace injury and illness is motivated by both social and economic imperatives. Motivation for organizations is not fully understood as there is no obvious business imperative. If organizations can further understand and provide a scientific justification for investment in OHS management, then governments' task will be made easier. By proving the value of OHS to management, we will demonstrate that organizations continue to present considerable hazards to their employees. 相似文献
169.
建筑物火灾疏散中人的行为研究的回顾与发展 总被引:19,自引:4,他引:15
建筑物发生火灾后 ,安全疏散所需时间的长短主要取决于疏散开始时间 ,疏散开始时间又取决于人的行为 ,而人的行为是其生理和心理因素的函数。为此 ,在论证研究人的行为在疏散评价的重要性的基础上 ,详细地评述了火灾疏散中人行为的历史背景、研究内容和研究范围 ,然后展望了其以后的研究方向。特别强调 ,基础数据库的收集与建立、人行为的模式、系统动态的模拟和仿真等在研究中的重要作用 相似文献
170.
对近年来国内外热固性环三磷腈耐高温基体树脂的研究进展及其在耐热、阻燃材料领域的应用进行简单综述。重点介绍了热固性环三磷腈衍生物的合成、结构和性能特点及其应用,并对国内外环三磷腈类阻燃、耐高温材料的研究进行了展望。 相似文献