硫化物溶液标准物质稀释后稳定性的研究

本文在稀释后硫化物溶液稳定性实验研究的基础上,提出硫化物溶液用纯水稀释均匀性好,但稳定性差;用pH4.5的缓冲溶液稳定和用0.2%乙酸锌—乙酸钠溶液稀释可在2周内使用;用乙酸锌—乙酸钠溶液稀释,稀释溶液可稳定3周的结论。     

关于水污染物总量控制研究进展及问题分析

水污染物浓度控制和排放总量控制是水质达标管理的前提。本文将其和水污染物的总量控制发展进程相互结合,对实施应用和理论完善以及深入探讨等阶段的进展进行阐述,介绍污染物总量控制实施时的总量分配和入河控制等相关技术细节,得到总量控制的实施优点,最后明确控制污染物总量的具体意义。     

污染土壤修复技术研究现状与趋势

生态保护工作的发展包括环境保护和污染治理两个方面,为了保证生态环境的健康发展,必须要同时做好这两方面工作。在污染治理过程中土壤修复是重要的治理内容,也是污染治理的重要研究方法。本文主要对污染土壤修复技术研究现状进行分析,并对其未来的发展趋势进行预测。     

Designing for interaction in research environments: A case study

Graduate researchers are an essential part of higher education (HE) in terms of its contribution to knowledge and the wider economy, but how the work environment influences behaviour and productivity in this work domain is poorly understood. Nevertheless, building programmes continue with a detectable trend towards more open office designs. Beyond issues of cost-efficiency, this reflects a popular belief in the significance of face-to-face interaction to research productivity. Using a combination of subjective and quantitative methods, this case study investigates the validity of this claim and how a redesigned environment impacts upon work practices and collaboration within a community of researchers. Although the new environment was judged favourably by occupants and managers, analysis suggests a less positive behavioural response. Contrary to expectation, we conclude that providing open plan environments is not sufficient to produce more collaborative practices in HE. We argue that this would require changes in the organisational structure, the reward structure for individual and team-driven tasks, and the firm policing of the management of change.     

道路交通噪声自动监测中最少监测时间研究

以城市主干线为例,对长期道路交通噪声自动监测数据进行统计分析,得出道路交通噪声实施噪声自动监测时应采用的小时最少监测时间、日昼夜最少监测小时、季最少监测天数和年最少监测天数。     

高寒地区雷达装备保障问题研究

目的研究破解高寒地区雷达装备保障问题的对策。方法采取查阅文献、实地查看、实装操作等方法分析研究高寒地区环境对雷达装备保障的影响。结果从打牢基础、精心保障;未雨绸缪、超前保障;紧贴实战、专项保障;机关指导,高效保障四方面,提出了破解高寒地区雷达装备保障问题的对策。结论高寒地区环境因素影响降低了雷达装备环境适应性,降低了其原有的作战效能。研究分析结果将对预防高寒地区雷达装备故障、延长装备服役年限,提高装备保障水平和作战能力,有着重要的现实意义。     

Analysis on research trends with dust explosions by bibliometric approach

Highly destructive combustible dust explosions, which is prone to cause secondary explosion, has been a concern in industrial processes. To understand the current development and status of research on dust explosions, 1276 publications related to dust explosions from 1998 to 2021 were indexed through the Web of Science Core Collection database. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to visualize and analyze the collected literature information. The number of articles related to dust explosions has increased from 12 in 1998 to 191 in 2021. China, the United States, and Canada are the major contributors in this field. Dalhousie University, Beijing Institute of Technology, and Dalian University of Technology are at the core of dust explosion research. Wei Gao, Paul Amyotte, and Chi-Min Shu are the most prolific researchers. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, Powder Technology, and Process Safety and Environmental Protection are the major sources of publications related to dust explosions. The research topic of dust explosions mainly evolves into four aspects: explosion characteristics and influencing factors, research media, explosion suppression, and numerical simulation. New research hotspots have appeared related to gas–dust hybrid mixtures, nanomaterials, and powder suppressants. The results can help researchers in the dust explosion field to quickly determine the research frontier and the overall situation.     

The missing pieces for better future predictions in subarctic ecosystems: A Torneträsk case study

Arctic and subarctic ecosystems are experiencing substantial changes in hydrology, vegetation, permafrost conditions, and carbon cycling, in response to climatic change and other anthropogenic drivers, and these changes are likely to continue over this century. The total magnitude of these changes results from multiple interactions among these drivers. Field measurements can address the overall responses to different changing drivers, but are less capable of quantifying the interactions among them. Currently, a comprehensive assessment of the drivers of ecosystem changes, and the magnitude of their direct and indirect impacts on subarctic ecosystems, is missing. The Torneträsk area, in the Swedish subarctic, has an unrivalled history of environmental observation over 100 years, and is one of the most studied sites in the Arctic. In this study, we summarize and rank the drivers of ecosystem change in the Torneträsk area, and propose research priorities identified, by expert assessment, to improve predictions of ecosystem changes. The research priorities identified include understanding impacts on ecosystems brought on by altered frequency and intensity of winter warming events, evapotranspiration rates, rainfall, duration of snow cover and lake-ice, changed soil moisture, and droughts. This case study can help us understand the ongoing ecosystem changes occurring in the Torneträsk area, and contribute to improve predictions of future ecosystem changes at a larger scale. This understanding will provide the basis for the future mitigation and adaptation plans needed in a changing climate.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s13280-020-01381-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

生态文明视阈下公民环境教育的文化价值思考

生态文明建设要有坚实的公民环境教育作支撑。公民环境教育的文化价值是环境教育价值的内在表现形式之一。作为生态文明建设的重要组成部分,环境教育与生态文明建设有着不可断裂的天然的关系。生态文明建设需要环境教育的文化价值体现。环境教育的文化价值能够促进生态文化的生成与人文资源的开发,能够发挥环境教育的文化选择与批判功能,促进价值观念转型,能够发挥环境教育的文化传播功能,促进人文理性精神的活化。     

Nitrate in shallow groundwater in typical agricultural and forest ecosystems in China, 2004-2010

The nitrate-nitrogen(NO 3-N) concentrations from shallow groundwater wells situated in 29 of the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network field stations,representing typical agroand forest ecosystems,were assessed using monitoring data collected between 2004 and 2010.Results from this assessment permit a national scale assessment of nitrate concentrations in shallow groundwater,and allow linkages between nitrate concentrations in groundwater and broad land use categories to be made.Results indicated that most of the NO 3--N concentrations in groundwater from the agroand forest ecosystems were below the Class 3 drinking water standard stated in the Chinese National Standard:Quality Standard for Ground Water(≤ 20 mg/L).Over the study period,the average NO 3--N concentrations were significantly higher in agro-ecosystems(4.1 ± 0.33 mg/L) than in forest ecosystems(0.5 ± 0.04 mg/L).NO 3-N concentrations were relatively higher(> 10 mg N /L) in 10 of the 43 wells sampled in the agricultural ecosystems.These elevated concentrations occurred mainly in the Ansai,Yucheng,Linze,Fukang,Akesu,and Cele field sites,which were located in arid and semiarid areas where irrigation rates are high.We suggest that improvements in N fertilizer application and irrigation management practices in the arid and semi-arid agricultural ecosystems of China are the key to managing groundwater nitrate concentrations.