山东省汽车喷涂行业VOCs排放特征研究

采用气袋采样-气相色谱/质谱法,采集并分析了山东省内小型通用车、货车、电动商务车以及半挂车4类典型汽车喷涂企业挥发性有机物(VOCs)的排放特征。结果表明:山东省汽车喷涂企业中VOCs排放总量以及检出数量排序为:半挂车喷涂企业电动商务车喷涂企业货车喷涂企业小型通用车喷涂企业。各类汽车喷涂企业喷漆以及烘干车间排放的VOCs大多以苯类物质为主(小型通用车面漆烘干车间除外),在小型通用车以及半挂车涂装企业废气中烷烃类物质占比较大。不同企业以及各企业不同工序之间特征VOCs排放浓度有较大差别,喷漆车间特征VOCs浓度要远高于烘干车间。     

关于悬浮填料生物膜工艺的探讨

通过对市场上悬浮填料产品的调查研究,分析了其材质、结构、形状、物理生化特性,总结了悬浮填料的一些基本特性参数,阐述了其在工程实例中的应用情况,并对当前悬浮填料的开发现状作了介绍,为悬浮填料产品的行业规范制定提供参考。     

关于建设高效林业的对策

本文讨论了高效林业的概念、特点及其内容,提出了建设原则与措施。     

电子废弃物现状与回收处理探讨

伴随着电子工业和信息高科技产业的高速发展 ,电子废弃物问题不可避免地摆在了我们的面前。伴随着电子废弃物的越境转移和我国成为世界“电子产品制造基地” ,我国也成为世界上最大的“电子废弃物处理场”。介绍了我国及世界上电子废弃物的现状与处理状况 ,分析了电子废弃物具有的潜在环境污染性与可作为再生资源回收利用的资源性的双重特性 ,探讨了我国电子废弃物回收处理的循环经济之路 ,及其相关的政策、方法和措施等     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌的分离及生长特性研究

从酸性矿坑水中分离得到3株细菌S1、S2和S3,经16S rRNA序列分析,S3为氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Thiobacillusferrooxidans)。对S3菌,选取初始Fe2+浓度和初始pH值为影响因子,设计正交试验,通过测定培养过程中pH值、氧化还原电位Eh、Fe2+浓度和总Fe浓度的变化,并计算Fe2+氧化速率,研究初始Fe2+浓度和初始pH值对细菌生长的影响。     

生活有机垃圾用作沼气发酵原料的参数与特性研究

对分类收集于城市生活的有机垃圾作为沼气发酵原料的相关参数与特性进行了研究。结果显示：来自对固定区域的城市生活有机垃圾，其总体TS（总固体）、VS（近发性固体）、COD含量相对较为稳定，在连续8个月的监测中，其含量的平均值分别为：10．17％、4．64％和8．17％；生活有机垃圾作为整体，在兼氧沤解预处理条件下常温发酵，每公斤TS具有0．389m^3或每公斤COD具有0．499m^3的产气潜力，产气特性表现为，投料2d后进入产气高潮，20d时的产气量达总产气量的90％以上。     

Highly time-resolved aerosol characteristics during springtime in Weizhou Island

A single particle aerosol mass spectrometer was deployed to measure the changes of single particle species and sizes during March 2015 in Weizhou Island of the Beibu Gulf, Guangxi province, South China. In this campaign, a total of 3,100,597 particles were sized, and 25.8%particles with both positive and negative mass spectrum were collected and 24.8%characterized in combination with the ART-2 a neural network algorithm. The distribution of sized particles was mainly in from 520 to 600 nm, and the diameters ranging from 340 to1000 nm accounted for above 90%. Eight types of particles were classified: Elemental Carbon containing(EC), Organic Carbon containing(OC), EC and OC combined containing particles,Na containing particles, K containing particles(K), Levoglucosan containing particles,mineral containing particles, and Heavy Metal containing particles(HM). EC, OC and K were the major containing particles, which accounted for 84.3% in the eight types particles. The relative ratio and size distribution of the three types were EC(48.1%, 620 nm), OC(12.7%,440 nm), and K(23.5%, 600 nm), respectively. The three types of particles were a bit increasing ratios compared with those in clean periods during haze pollution periods.Combined with the back-trajectory results from the Hysplit-4 model and local pollution sources revealed that the ambient air quality on the Weizhou Island may be influenced by biomass burning in the Indochina Peninsula(biomass burning in the Indochina Peninsula)from the transportation on higher level atmospheric layer and by mainland of south China located northeast of Weizhou Island on the ground.     

Fine Particulate Pollution Characteristics in Jinan City

The characteristics of fine particulate pollution(PM10and PM25)were measured at urban and suburban sites in Jinan during the 2008-2009 heating and non-heating seasons.The results showed that PM10 and PM2.5 pollution was quite serious,and PM mass concentration was higher during the heating season than the non-heating season.PM was the highest in the chemical factory and lowest in the development zone.The mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were linearly related,and the mass concentration ratio of PM2.5/PM10 was up to 0.59 in urban areas.PM pollution in Jinan was related to local meteorological factors: PM2.5 mass concentration and humidity were positively correlated,and PM2.5mass concentration was negatively correlated with both click on the temperature and wind speed,although wind speed varied more.     

Particle size distribution and characteristics of heavy metals in road-deposited sediments from Beijing Olympic Park

Due to rapid urbanization and industrialization, heavy metals in road-deposited sediments(RDSs) of parks are emitted into the terrestrial, atmospheric, and water environment, and have a severe impact on residents' and tourists' health. To identify the distribution and characteristic of heavy metals in RDS and to assess the road environmental quality in Chinese parks, samples were collected from Beijing Olympic Park in the present study. The results indicated that particles with small grain size(150 μm) were the dominant fraction. The length of dry period was one of the main factors affecting the particle size distribution, as indicated by the variation of size fraction with the increase of dry days. The amount of heavy metal(i.e., Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd) content was the largest in particles with small size(150 μm) among all samples. Specifically, the percentage of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in these particles was 74.7%, 55.5%, 56.6% and 71.3%, respectively.Heavy metals adsorbed in sediments may mainly be contributed by road traffic emissions. The contamination levels of Pb and Cd were higher than Cu and Zn on the basis of the mean heavy metal contents. Specifically, the geoaccumulation index(I geo) decreased in the order:CdPbCuZn. This study analyzed the mobility of heavy metals in sediments using partial sequential extraction with the Tessier procedure. The results revealed that the apparent mobility and potential metal bioavailability of heavy metals in the sediments, based on the exchangeable and carbonate fractions, decreased in the order: CdZn≈PbCu.     

区域特色农产品绿色发展现状及对策——以临安市山核桃为例

本文以临安市山核桃主产区的发展为例,从山核桃生产、加工环节存在的环境问题,引起环境问题的原因分析,促进特色农产品绿色发展的对策等三个方面进行阐述,指出山核桃这一特色农产品的发展存在农业投入品滥用、生态系统脆弱、农业生产环境被污染等问题,提出通过调整农业补贴政策、确立农产品产地环境保护补偿制度等措施.