Co-remediation of cadmium-polluted soil using stainless steel slag and ammonium humate

INTRODUCTION AND METHODS: This study investigated the remediation of cadmium-polluted soil using a combination of stainless steel slag and ammonium humate. These remedial agents were added to an artificially polluted garden soil to inhabit cadmium toxicity in soil by changing the physical and chemical properties of soil in a pot experiment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the co-application of ammonium humate and stainless steel slag significantly decreased the total and available soil cadmium concentrations, with maximum decreases of 16.30% and 58.04%, respectively. The co-application of an adequate dose of these remedial agents can significantly increase soil pH. The soil organic matter and cation exchange capacity, as well as the amount of soil aggregates, were also significantly increased by the addition ammonium humate, but not stainless steel slag.     

Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA/H2O2电催化降解甲基橙模拟废水的研究

在无隔膜电解槽中,采用SPR(Ru-Ir-Ti0₂)为阳极,石墨为阴极,考察了Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA/H₂O₂电催化降解甲基橙(methyl orange)模拟废水的影响,发现EDTA很大程度上促进了类电Fenton试剂对甲基橙模拟废水的降解。实验研究表明,在外加电压为5.0 V,EDTA∶Fe²⁺=2∶1(摩尔比,Fe²⁺=40 mmol/L),H₂O₂=48 mmol/L,电解质Na₂SO₄=40 mmol/L,废水pH值为(6.5±0.1)的条件下,降解260 mg/L的甲基橙模拟废水90 min, EDTA的加入可以使甲基橙模拟废水的脱色率由29.5%上升到78.4%,COD由571.429 mg/L降至80 mg/L,COD的降解率为86%，EDTA在此过程中既是催化剂又是反应物,可有效避免EDTA带来二次环境污染的可能性。     

Fe（Ⅱ）EDTA／H2O2电催化降解甲基橙模拟废水的研究

在无隔膜电解槽中，采用SPR（Ru—Ir—TiO2）为阳极，石墨为阴极，考察了Fe（Ⅱ）EDTA／H2O2电催化降解甲基橙（methylorange）模拟废水的影响，发现EDTA很大程度上促进了类电Fenton试剂对甲基橙模拟废水的降解。实验研究表明，在外加电压为5．0V，EDTA：Fe2＋=2：1（摩尔比，Fe2＋=40mmol／L），H202=48mmot／L，电解质Na2SO4=40mmol／L，废水pH值为（6．5±0．1）的条件下，降解260mg／L的甲基橙模拟废水90min，EDTA的加入可以使甲基橙模拟废水的脱色率由29．5％上升到78．4％，COD由571．429mg／L降至80mg／L，COD的降解率为86％，EDTA在此过程中既是催化剂又是反应物，可有效避免EDTA带来二次环境污染的可能性。     

上海市推行清洁生产的探索和展望

从清洁生产是新的工业文明的高度,阐明了上海推行清洁生产的紧迫性。围绕近年来上海在推行清洁生产工作的6个方面的实践,提出了到2000年,上海推行清洁生产规划的9点构思,为决策提供科学依据。     

Production of butanol from biomass: recent advances and future prospects

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - At present, diminishing oil resources and increasing environmental concerns have led to a shift toward the production of alternative biofuels. In the...     

广州万顷沙大气中醛酮类化合物的污染特征与来源分析

对广州万顷沙大气中的醛酮类化合物进行了检测。实验方法是应用醛酮类化合物和2,4-二硝基苯肼（DNPH）迅速反应生成衍生物,产物在高效液相色谱上检测。结果表明,大气中可以检出12种醛酮类化合物,其中丙酮质量浓度最高,其次是甲醛、乙醛和丙醛。这4种化合物平均质量浓度分别是22.07、9.99、7.80和1.20μg·m-3。白天醛酮类化合物的质量浓度比夜晚的高。ρ（甲醛）/ρ（乙醛）、ρ（乙醛）/ρ（丙醛）的数值显示大气中醛酮类污染主要和人为来源有关。甲醛、乙醛、丙醛和丁醛的质量浓度具有良好的相关性。广州城区的污染物随风迁移到万顷沙,使万顷沙也具有城市环境污染特征。     

Fluoride content and distribution pattern in groundwater of eastern Yunnan and western Guizhou, China

For study, the fluoride (F) content and distribution pattern in groundwater of eastern Yunnan and western Guizhou fluorosis area in southwestern China, the F content of 93 water samples [groundwater (fissure water, cool spring, and hot springs), rivers water] and 60 rock samples were measured. The result shows the F content of the fissure water and cold spring water is 0.027–0.47 mg/L, and river water is 0.048–0.224 mg/L. The F content of hot spring water is 1.02–6.907 mg/L. The drinking water supplied for local resident is mainly from fissure water, cool spring, and river water. And the F content in all of them is much lower than the Chinese National Standard (1.0 mg/L), which is the safe intake of F in drinking water. The infected people in eastern Yunnan and western Guizhou fluorosis area have very little F intake from the drinking water. The hot spring water in fluorosis area of eastern Yunnan and western Guizhou, southwest China has high F content, which is not suitable for drinking.     

平阳县雁门滑坡体的现场考察

根据滑坡体的地形地貌、岩石特征、工程地质条件、滑移特点及变形特征等的明显不同,可以将滑体划分为主动滑体和被动滑体。主动滑体以潜在的巨大动能向下急速滑动,撞击、挤压、推移被动滑体,被动滑动始终起着抗滑体的作用,以其产生一系列的变形,吸收化解了主动滑体的巨大能量,因而认为雁门滑坡属于少见的突发式推动———阻抗型滑坡。     

气升流速变化对SBR污泥颗粒化的作用及机理

采用两个相同的SBR反应器:R1保持恒定气升流速3.0 cm·s~(-1),R2气升流速由3.0 cm·s~(-1)逐渐降低至1.0 cm·s~(-1),对比研究了气升流速变化对絮体污泥凝聚和颗粒化的作用.结果表明:R1中35 d后絮体污泥全部转变成均值粒径为564.59μm的颗粒污泥;R2中24 d后絮体污泥全部转变成均值粒径978.71μm的颗粒污泥.R2气升流速由3.0 cm·s~(-1)逐渐降至2.0 cm·s~(-1)时,污泥的分形维数(D2)增大;气升流速由2.0cm·s~(-1)逐渐降到1.6 cm·s~(-1)时,D2先下降后上升,污泥粒径比增长率为0.16±0.01,微生物颗粒表面所受的剪切解吸附率随粒径的增长由调整前的1.35×10~(-2)mg·cm~(-2)·d~(-1)(以VSS计,下同)略微降低后升高至1.88×10~(-2)mg·cm~(-2)·d~(-1),颗粒结构变得更加致密;气升流速小于1.6 cm·s~(-1)之后,旋涡尺度作用减弱,D2持续减小.总体上,当气升流速递减后,R2中污泥混合液流变特性发生了变化,形成的漩涡尺度大于R1,促使更多体积分数的污泥分布在漩涡尺度的耗散范围内,加剧耗散对应范围粒径大小的污泥剪切凝聚,加快了污泥颗粒化进程.     

过滤捕集法去除盐酸雾中试研究

含HCl浓度小于350mg／Nm^3的盐酸雾气体，经洗涤水洗涤后再进行过滤捕集处理，出口气体中HCl浓度不大于6．40mg／m^3，去除率大于95％。