Cr（Ⅵ）、Ni耐性植物筛选及其吸收富集特性研究

采用营养液培养法和二因素完全实验设计,在5 mg.L-1Cr（Ⅵ）、Ni复合污染条件下对22种植物进行筛选实验,选取富集量较高且生长较快的旱伞草Cyperus alternifolius,分析其对Cr（Ⅵ）、Ni的累积规律及生理生化效应。结果表明：（1）在Cr（Ⅵ）、Ni复合污染胁迫下,旱伞草生长状况良好,对铬、镍具有较高的富集能力;（2）在Cr（Ⅵ）、Ni复合污染下,Cr（Ⅵ）抑制旱伞草对Ni的吸收,Ni促进旱伞草对Cr的吸收;（3）分别在单因素Cr（Ⅵ）、Ni的胁迫下,SOD和CAT活性随着Cr（Ⅵ）、Ni质量浓度（0-50 mg.L-1）的增加都是先上升后下降,MDA总体都呈增加的趋势;（4）在Cr（Ⅵ）胁迫下,旱伞草地上部富集总铬的含量较高,但六价铬含量较低,对Cr（Ⅵ）的转化率最大可达到97.00%。研究表明,旱伞草是一种修复Cr（Ⅵ）、Ni污染很有潜力的物种。     

基于探索性空间分析的中国氮氧化物排放强度研究

采用全局和局部空间相关分析方法研究中国省际氮氧化物排放强度的空间自相关性和空间异质性.结果表明:2003—2011年全局自相关Moran'sⅠ值均为正数,表明省域之间氮氧化物排放强度呈现正相关的空间集聚分布,2003—2011年氮氧化物排放强度的空间聚集程度在不断加强;氮氧化物排放强度的空间异质性主要表现为氮氧化物排放强度的“冷点”区相对稳定,主要集中在东部、南部沿海和长江中游地区,“热点”区主要集中在东北、大西南、大西北和黄河中游地区;氮氧化物排放强度的空间差异与区域经济发展水平、产业结构和能源利用效率等因素密切相关,基于空间探索性数据分析方法研究我国氮氧化物排放强度的空间异质性,为国家制定差异化的区域氮氧化物减排目标和氮氧化物排放调控政策提供有益参考.     

环境监测专用仪器环境技术认证路线初探

通过分析环境监测仪器环境技术评估的含义和目标,对比加拿大、美国以及我国目前有关环境技术评估的相关技术路线,结合环境监测仪器技术检测工作实践,建立适合我国国情的环境监测仪器环境技术评估管理体系,评估程序和相关规章制度,提出相关建议。     

Particle concentration effect in adsorption/desorption of Zn(Ⅱ) on anatase type nano TiO_2

Adsorption/desorption in a new Zn(Ⅱ)-TiO_2 adsorption system was investigated at different particle concentrations(C_p).TEM,SEM and XRD analyses revealed that the TiO_2 particles were an aggregation of nano-sized(approximately 10 nm)pure anatase-type TiO_2. Adsorption experiments were carried out with particle concentrations of 100,400 and 1000 mg/L,and their adsorption isotherms were found to decline successively,showing an obvious C_p effect.Desorption experiments indicated that adsorption in this system was irreversible,and the irreversibility increased with increasing C_p.These phenomena could be explained by the MEA(metastable equilibrium adsorption)theory and the C_p effect could be modeled well with an MEA-Freundlich-type C_p effect isotherm equation. This study may help understand environmental behavior of contaminants on ultrafine natural particles.     

Kinetics of selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH_3 on Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst

The catalyst of Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 has been found to be more active than Fe-ZSM-5 and Mo/ZSM-5 separately for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitric oxide (NO) with NH_3.The kinetics of the SCR reaction in the presence of O_2 was studied in this work.The results showed that the observed reaction orders were 0.74-0.99,0.01-0.13,and 0 for NO,O_2 and NH_3 at 350-450℃,respectively. And the apparent activation energy of the SCR was 65 kJ/mol on the Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst.The SCR mechanism was also deduced. Adsorbed NO species can react directly with adsorbed ammonia species on the active sites to form N_2 and H_2O.Gaseous O_2 might serve as a reoxidizing agent for the active sites that have undergone reduction in the SCR process.It is also important to note that a certain amount of NO was decomposed directly over the Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst in the absence of NH_3.     

regionalclimate Characteristics of regional climate change and pattern analysis on Ordos Plateau

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水质自动采样器在污染源在线监测中的应用

文章分析了我国水质自动采样器的技术现状和技术要求,指出了水质自动采样器与在线监测仪器配套使用过程中发挥的作用,在污染源减排三大体系建设中发挥的管理效能。     

Treatment of phenol wastewater by microwave-induced CIO_2-CuO_x/Al_2O_3 catalytic oxidation process

The catalyst of CuO_x/Al_2O_3 was prepared by the dipping-sedimentation method usingγ-Al_2O_3 as a supporter.CuO and Cu_2O were loaded on the surface of Al_2O_3,characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).In the presence of CuO_x/Al_2O_3,the microwave-induced chlorine dioxide(ClO_2) catalytic oxidation process was conducted for the treatment of synthetic wastewater containing 100 mg/L phenol.The factors influencing phenol removal were investigated and the results showed that microwave-induced ClO_2-CuO_x/Al_2O_3 process could effectively degrade contaminants in a short reaction time with a low oxidant dosage,extensive pH range.Under a given condition(ClO_2 concentration 80 mg/L,microwave power 50 W,contact time 5 min,catalyst dosage 50 g/L,pH 9),phenol removal percentage approached 92.24%,corresponding to 79.13% of COD_(Cr) removal.The removal of phenol by microwave-induced ClO_2-CuO_x/Al_2O_3 catalytic oxidation process was a complicated non-homogeneous solid/water reaction, which fitted pseudo-first-order by kinetics.Compared with traditional ClO_2 oxidation,ClO_2 catalytic oxidation and microwave-induced ClO_2 oxidation,microwave-induced ClO_2 catalytic oxidation system could significantly enhance the degradation efficiency.It provides an effective technology for the removal of phenol wastewater.