选择绿色 选择未来——加拿大安大略省清洁技术产业发展的启示

经济=绿色经济 “我们不再说环境与经济,直接就叫绿色经济。绿色经济是我们现在与未来发展的方向。做好企业,对股东负责,这其中都需要贯彻环保的要求。我们现在要探讨的是,安大略省能为新技术创新、环境保护做些什么,我们希望通过国际贸易、技术合作与交流,让海外的朋友了解我们对保护环境所做的努力。应对经济发展带来环境恶化的挑战对于我们的社区发展以及子孙后代来说都是很关键的问题。     

国际贸易中环境保护介改的成因与对策

从环境成本内部化、绿色消费需求和贸易壁垒创新的角度阐述了国际贸易中环境保护介入的成因，并提出了若干对策。     

环保纺织服装业必须跨过的门槛

据报载，前不久，我国江苏一家服装厂出口到欧盟的服装因其拉链用材“含铅量过高，对人体健康不利”而被外商退货，导致企业直接经济损失达数十万美元，最终也因此而破产。无独有偶，我国一家老牌的丝绸出口厂家其生产的丝绸因为质地好而一直成为外商进口的免检产品，但自１９９９年底以来，出口创汇额却日渐萎缩，主要原因也是“产品达不到欧洲的有关环境保护标准”。我国是世界上的纺织品和服装生产大国，纺织品和服装一直以来都是我国出口创汇的最大宗产品，纺织和服装业界应关注产品的环保生态功能，力争早日达到国际的环保一生态标签测…     

国际贸易中的环境要项

环境要素在流动性决定了国际间环境与贸易的紧密联系。随着世界快速的经济一体化，将环境要项纳入国际贸易的规范、条款已势在必行。文章分析了环境成本内在化和ＩＳＯ１４０００的实质，它们的内在联系及在国际贸易中的作用和影响，提出了将ＩＳＯ１４０００作为实施环境成本内在化的参照规则的合理、可行性。     

CO_2 Emissions Embodied in China-U.S.Trade

After the Kyoto Protocol was implemented, carbon leakage exerts great influences on international trade and economy. Trade creates a mechanism for consumers to shift environmental pollution associated with their consumption to other countries. China has overtaken the U.S. as the world＇s biggest CO2 emitter since 2006. As China＇s second largest trade partner, the U.S. has the biggest trade deficit with China which has aroused a lot of disputes between the two parties. But so far the assessments of the trade imbalance of China-U.S. have paid little attention to environmental impacts associated with the trade imbalance. Applied an input-output approach, the article estimates the amount of CO2 embodied in China-U.S. trade during 1997-2007. It was found that through trade with China, the U.S. reduced its CO2 emissions compared with a non-trade scenario. Due to the greater carbon-intensity and relatively less efficient production processes of Chinese industry, China-U.S. trade resulted in more CO2 emissions in China and the world. In the end, the article gives some suggestions： it is equal and sustainable that the international accounting methodologies should be improved, for CO2 emissions responsibility must be designed to account for the dynamic nature of international trade.     

Carbon Embodied in International Trade of China and Its Emission Responsibility

Carbon emissions embodied in international trade of China during 1997-2007 are accounted by input-output method based on Chinese input-output table and global trade analysis project database.It is revealed that carbon emissions embodied in imports and exports both increased during 1997-2007,but carbon emissions embodied in exports are greater than those embodied in imports,China is a net export nation in embodied carbon.The net exports of embodied carbon account for about 10.82% of the total carbon emissions in 1997,dropped to 7.15% in 2002,increased to13.13% in 2006,and slightly dropped to 12.64% in 2007.Low-end position of international industry division is an objective factor of being a net exporter of embodied carbon for China,and usage of a large amount of obsolete energy-using equipments wasted much energy and increased carbon emissions embodied in exports.Importers should take more responsibilities for carbon emissions embodied in trade,and China should take a certain responsibility for unreasonable energy dissipations too.     

国际贸易中"污染避难所效应"的实证研究述评

经济全球化的不断深化,环境规制较严格的国家对贸易竞争力负面效应的担忧也随着增加.当今的全球化趋势在导致贸易壁垒不断削减的同时,各国的环境规制却随之不断提升.近年来环境规制与污染产业迁移的关系倍受关注,成为贸易与环境研究的前沿问题.国际贸易模式的变动意味着生产和消费模式的改变,从而对污染水平产生影响.本文的目的是对环境规制差异导致的生产、净出口和污染排放效应进行回顾,并在此基础上对实证研究中所使用的方法、数据、模型和结果进行评述.本文首先介绍了国际贸易中污染避难所实证研究所使用的典型方法,然后就污染避难所的涵义进行了界定并对主要的实证研究文献进行了回顾,最后对文章所使用文献的方法、数据来源、关键指标的衡量、产业的选择及控制变量进行分析与评价.尽管还存在着一些模糊不清的认识,但现有研究还是取得了相当进展.     

金融海啸对环境资源状况影响

次贷危机所引发的金融海啸给美国乃至世界经济带来深重灾难,西方金融系统总额达2.5万亿美元的救市计划可能已经缓解了这场危机,但是整个世界经济由此放缓的趋势已不可避免.本次金融海啸波及了中国宏观经济、国际贸易、产业结构、金融体系、能源储备,产业转移等诸多领域,并将对国家"十一五"环保约束性指标实现等环境资源状况产生深远的影响.     

国家发改委领导出席第七届中日节能环保综合论坛

8月6日,由中国国家发展改革委、商务部、驻日本使馆与日本经济产业省、日中经济协会共同举办的第七届中日节能环保综合论坛在日本东京举行。国家发展改革委主任张平、商务部副部长兼国际贸易谈判代表高虎城、驻日本大使程永华,日本经济产业省大臣枝野幸男、环境省大臣细野豪志、日中经济协会会长张富士夫等出席论坛并分别发表演讲。