二龙山水库流域土壤资源与可持续利用研究

介绍了二龙山流域的土壤分类系统,对土壤资源分别进行了总体评价和质量评价,指出了二龙山土壤资源存在的问题,并针对存在问题提出了土壤资源可持续利用的建议.      

新型光声光谱法测定总无机碳酸盐含量

采用新型富氏变换红外光谱气体分析仪测定固体及水体样品中总无机碳酸盐含量,原理是CO₂对红外线的主动式光声吸收.反应器浸没在恒温水浴中,经氮气吹洗后,在连续搅动条件下,向样品中加入一定量高氯酸.酸解生成的CO₂对特定波段的红外吸收造成温度和压力的波动,从而产生频率取决于吸收波长的光声信号,再由微型麦克风加以记录.实验对固体和液体标准样品的线性检测范围分别为120 mg的CaCO₃和36.4 mmol/L的NaHCO₃,灵敏度分别为0.02 mg和3 mmol/L.因总无机碳酸盐的酸性缓冲容量对黏土矿物的表面酸碱性质影响显著,故选择不同来源天然伊利石作为模型样品进行测定,并探讨一些影响因素和改进方案.     

汽车排气污染影响因素分析

目前,汽车排气污染已成为城市空气污染的主要因素。江苏油田通过对汽车尾气的现场监测,以及尾气治理中的一些问题分析,总结出影响汽车尾气中污染物浓度的六大因素,并提出相应的解决措施。     

傅立叶变换红外光谱法在环境监测中的应用进展

综述了傅立叶变换红外光谱法在水环境监测、大气环境监测、固体和土壤环境监测,以及突发性环境污染事故、“防化学战争”和“反恐怖活动”应急监测中的应用,指出该方法已成为鉴别未知污染物和环境监测的重要工具。     

根瘤菌菌体及胞外多糖红外光谱特征

记录并分析了根瘤菌４个新类群菌株的菌体与胞外多糖的红外光谱,表明它们在特定光谱区显示特征吸收峰．根瘤菌菌体光谱特征在鉴定上具有一定意义;胞外多糖的结构为β－配糖键连接,其光谱特征与数值分类结果关系不明显     

餐饮业废油脂皂化工艺的探索

研究了废油脂的皂化方法和皂化机理。通过红外光谱分析废油脂皂化样品 ,对皂化度的影响因素进行了讨论。摸索出最佳皂化工艺条件 :皂化时间 4h ,皂化温度 10 0℃ ,碱液用量 (NaOH与废油脂的质量比 ) 1∶2 ,皂化用NaOH碱液浓度为 30 %。     

Nexus between renewable energy consumption,economic growth,and CO2 emissions in Algeria: New evidence from the Fourier-Bootstrap ARDL approach

Governments often impose new energy strategies to support new CO₂ emission-reducing technologies without affecting economic growth. Hence, this study aims to re-investigate the relationship between economic growth, renewable energy use, and CO₂ emissions in Algeria from 1990 to 2018. Motivated by the mixed findings of the existing literature, which ignore the Fourier function and bootstrap test and apply the newly developed Fourier bootstrap autoregressive distributed lag model (FARDL). Our findings indicate that renewable energy use and growth have a long-run relationship with CO₂ emissions and do not accept the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for CO₂ emissions in Algeria. In the long term, the results show that renewable energy use has a negative and significant impact, and growth has a positive and statistically significant effect on CO₂ emissions. In the short run, the findings indicate that renewable energy use reduces CO₂ emissions, while both the growth and squared growth had positive and statistically insignificant impacts on CO₂ emissions, confirming the lack of evidence supporting the EKC hypothesis. Moreover, the causality test indicates a one-way causation from growth to renewable energy use, confirming the conservation hypothesis for Algeria and from growth to CO₂ emissions. Interestingly, we found one-way causality from CO₂ emissions to renewable energy use, attributing this to the fact that renewable energy usage has yet to reach a point that it can significantly cause a CO₂ emissions reduction. Based on the results, we recommend that policymakers design appropriate policies to decarbonize energy consumption, e.g., increasing fossil fuel costs and implementing a carbon tax. In contrast, Algeria should promote new CO₂ emission-reducing technologies without affecting economic growth, e.g., tax exemptions and reductions for enterprise owners in the renewable energy industry.     

氧化铁砷体系除砷机理探讨

从化学热力学和铁砷沉淀物的红外光谱两个方面探讨了氧化铁砷体系沉淀除砷的机理,在低pH值条件下,废水中的砷酸根离子与铁离子形成溶度积很小的FeAso₄,并与过量的铁离子形成的FeOOH羟基氧化铁生成吸咐沉淀物,使砷得到去除。     

工矿城市地面热场的遥感调查及其对大气污染的影响

以山西省晋城市为例,采用航空热红外扫描方法获取冬季清晨（５：３０－６：３０）和中午（１３：３０－１４：３０）２个时相的图象信息,以地面同步辐射温度数据作为温度定标,进行图象的量化、几何纠正、热场分类等数字图象处理,求取该市的地面热场强度,从而得出清晨整个城市的热岛效应十分明显,而中午热岛现象不明显,地面辐射温度差２个时相均为１０℃左右。根据低空气温和下垫面辐射温度,建立了２省之间的线性关系,并由此     

便携式红外气体分析仪的检测

介绍了便携式红外气体分析仪的检测方案。其检测项目与指标、检测方法可为各级环境监测站及行业监测站检测同类仪器时借鉴使用。