Optimizing the crystallinity and acidity of H-SAPO-34 by fluoride for synthesizing Cu/SAPO-34 NH3-SCR catalyst

A series of H-SAPO-34 zeolites were synthesized by a hydrothermal method in fluoride media. The as-synthesized H-SAPO-34 zeolites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N₂ physisorption, temperature-programmed desorption of NH₃ (NH₃-TPD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. The results showed that a certain concentration of F⁻ anions promoted the nucleation and crystallization of H-SAPO-34. The H-SAPO-34 synthesized in the fluoride media showed high crystallinity, uniform particle size distribution, large specific surface area and pore volume, and enhanced acidity. Therefore, Cu/SAPO-34 based on the fluoride-assisted zeolite showed a broadened temperature window for the selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH₃ (NH₃-SCR) reaction due to the enhanced acidity of the zeolite and the improved dispersion of copper species.     

含氟废气对玉米生长的影响

随着我国房地产市场的发展,空心砖的需求越来越大．随之产生了大量含氟废气。由于空心砖厂的隧道窑没有除尘设备,处于无组织排放状态,必然对下风向造成一定的影响。本文通过现场监测数据论证含氟废气对玉米生长的危害。     

硝酸镧改性聚丙烯酸对水中氟离子的吸附试验探讨

以丙烯酸为原料,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂制得聚丙烯酸树脂(PAA),用于制备表面粗糙、介孔丰富的镧(Ⅲ)改性聚丙烯酸复合树脂(La-PAA)。试验表明,当500 mg/L氟离子溶液pH值为5、吸附时间为300 min时,La-PAA对氟离子的去除率在90%以上。Langmuir方程能较好地拟合氟离子在La-PAA上的吸附等温线,最大吸附量为159.24 mg/g,吸附动力学过程符合准二级动力学方程。     

Removal of F− and organic matter from coking wastewater by coupling dosing FeCl3 and AlCl3

Coagulation and precipitation is a widely applied method to remove F^? from wastewater. In this work, the effect of coagulation on the removal of F^? and organic matter from coking wastewater was studied using AlCl₃ and FeCl₃ as compound coagulants. The removal rates of F^? and organic matter under different coagulant doses and pH conditions were investigated. The results show that the highest removal rates of F^? by AlCl₃ and FeCl₃ are 94.4% and 25.4%, respectively; when the dosage is 10 mmol/L, the TOC removal rates of FeCl₃ and AlCl₃ reach 20.4% and 34.7%, respectively. Therefore, the removal rate of F^? by AlCl₃ is higher than that of FeCl₃, but the removal rate of organic matter by FeCl₃ is relatively higher. The addition of Ca²⁺ can promote the removal of F^?, but the removal rate of organic matter decreases. In addition, by investigating the effects of different pH and Fe–Al ratio on the removal rate, the removal effect of adding FeCl₃ and AlCl₃ at the same time was discussed. The results show that the most suitable working condition for the removal of organic matter and F^? is that the pH is 6.5 and the molar ratio of Al/Fe is 8:2. Overall, the removal mechanism of F^? and organic matter in coking wastewater by FeCl₃ and AlCl₃ was explored in this study. The experimental results can provide reference for the advanced treatment of coking wastewater.     

Organ-wise accumulation of fluoride in Prosopis juliflora and its potential for phytoremediation of fluoride contaminated soil

Fluoride (F) contamination is a global environmental problem, as there is no cure of fluorosis available yet. Prosopis juliflora is a leguminous perennial, phreatophyte tree, widely distributed in arid and semi-arid regions of world. It extensively grows in F endemic areas of Rajasthan (India) and has been known as a “green” solution to decontaminate cadmium, chromium and copper contaminated soils. This study aims to check the tolerance potential of P. juliflora to accumulate fluoride. For this work, P. juliflora seedlings were grown for 75 d on soilrite under five different concentrations of F viz., control, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg NaF kg⁻¹. Organ-wise accumulation of F, bioaccumulation factor (BF), translocation factor (TF), growth ratio (GR) and F tolerance index (TI) were examined. Plant accumulated high amounts of F in roots. The organ-wise distribution showed an accumulation 4.41 mg kg⁻¹dw, 12.97 mg kg⁻¹dw and 16.75 mg kg⁻¹dw F, in stem, leaves and roots respectively. The results indicated significant translocation of F from root into aerial parts. The bioaccumulation and translocation factor values (>1.0) showed high accumulation efficiency and tolerance of P. juliflora to F. It is concluded that P. juliflora is a suitable candidate for phytoremediation purpose and can be explored further for the decontamination of F polluted soils.     

水体环境中氟化物的测定方法研究

利用离子选择电极法和离子色谱法,比较测定了饮用水、景观水及地表水水体中氟化物的含量,发现对污染程度不同的水体两种方法表现出不同的优势,可以指导分析人员根据水体污染程度选择相应的检测方法。     

含高氟废水处理方法的研究

介绍了利用络合原理复配的高效除氟剂—改性聚铁 ,结合传统的钙盐沉降法工艺处理高氟废水的测验。在实验条件下 ,氟与改性聚铁 ,氯化钙形成多元络合物复合盐 ,然后用聚丙烯酰胺絮凝。废水中氟浓度下降至 1 0 /mg· L- 1 以下 ,排放废水含氟量达到国家标准     

改性沸石用于饮用水除氟的试验研究

试验针对存在饮用水的氟污染问题,将天然沸石用NaOH和Al2(SO4)3溶液改性制成除氟材料。静态试验研究表明:改性沸石除氟吸附反应快,其最佳pH值范围为5￣9,而且对氟离子具有较好的离子选择性能。通过动态试验研究发现降低进水流量和原水浓度可以增大滤层的吸附容量。两种再生方式对比试验表明用Al2(SO4)3溶液再生效果优于用NaOH和Al2(SO4)3溶液联合再生。     

含氟废水的粉煤灰吸附研究

采用热电厂库弃物粉煤灰为吸附剂，对氟离子浓度为１００￣５００ｍｇ／Ｌ含氟废水进行了除氟研究，并搪塞了除氟机理。结果表明，除氟性能与粉煤类的粒径大小，吸附时间，氟离子初始浓度，废水的ＰＨ值，温度等有关，粉煤灰－氟离子体系的吸附行为符合Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ吸附等温方程，氟离子在粉灰煤表面形成了氢键吸附和取代吸附。除氟率达９０％以上，除氟后的饱和灰烧制成砖块，对环境不引起二次污染。