阴树脂两步再生法

含铬废水处理的离子交换法中,较多采用固定床装置及双阴柱全饱和流程方式.此方式使阴离子交换树脂的再生成为较大困难,因而致阴树脂的交换能力大为降低,甚至不能继续使用.而采用第一步以氢氧化钠溶液为再生剂,第二步以乙醇-硫酸水溶液为再生剂的"两步再生法"对阴树脂进行处理,可使阴树脂恢复其原有的交换能力.     

电镀废水的处理研究

研究了含铬、铜、锌电镀废水的处理方法。用ＢａＣｌ２沉淀铬后，加入Ｎａ２ＳＯ４除去多余的钡，然后用ＮａＯＨ沉淀Ｃｕ２＋、Ｚｎ２＋，经压滤后排出清水。     

碱性溶液的脱硫量

在２５℃下实验测定了不同初始ｐＨ值的氢氧化钠和氢氧化钙溶液的脱硫量随ｐＨ值的变化关系；推导出了氢氧化钠和氢氧化钙溶液的脱硫量计算公式。在２５℃下由公式计算出的脱硫量与实验结果基本一致（最大绝对误差小于１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）     

碱性过硫酸钾氧化-紫外分光光度法测水体总氮

碱性过硫酸钾氧化--紫外分光光度法所用消化剂K2S2O8在220nm处有很强的吸收峰，在消解过程中应确保其分解完全，否则即使其只有总量1%的残余，仍足以构成对比色测定的严重干扰。NaOH溶液在220nm处也有吸光度，但加盐酸中和后即减弱。消煮液的残余碱度对比色的干扰也可以同法消除。     

Phosphorus fractions and its release in the sediments of Haihe River, China

The amounts and forms of phosphorus (P) in surface sediments of Haihe River, Tianjin, North China, were examined using a sequential chemical extraction procedure. Five fractions of sedimentary P, including loosely sorbed P (NH4Cl-P), redox-sensitive P (BD-P), metal oxide bound P (NaOH-P), calcium bound P (HCl-P), and residual P (Res-P) (organic and refractory P), were separately quantified. The results indicated that the contents of di erent P fractions in the sediments varied greatly. The total P (TP) contents ranged from 968 to 2017 mg/kg. Phosphorus contents in NH4Cl-P, BD-P, NaOH-P, and HCl-P ranged from 6.7 to 26.6 mg/kg, 54.5 to 90.2 mg/kg, 185.2 to 382.5 mg/kg, and 252.3 to 425.5 mg/kg, respectively, which represented 1.2%–3.2%, 7.7%–13%, 33.3%–48.9%, and 36.2%–54.2% of the sedimentary inorganic P, respectively. For all the sediment samples, the rank order of P-fractions was Res-P > HCl-P > NaOH-P > BD-P > NH4Cl-P. The highly positive relationship between the amounts of P released from the sediments and those in the NH4Cl-P and BD-P fractions, indicated that NH4Cl-P and BD-P were the main fractions that can release P easily.     

蒸馏法收集氰化氢实验条件的优化

有资料显示,不同总氰化物浓度的样品,同一时间内蒸馏出的氰化氢浓度和馏出速率存在较大差异,选择合适浓度和体积的氢氧化钠溶液是充分吸收氰化氢的关键。另外,蒸馏是耗时、耗水、耗电的过程,当氰化氢和可挥发性酸性气体的绝大部分已收集至蒸馏初期的若干毫升馏出液中时,蒸馏后期蒸馏出的只是水蒸气,故选择合适的馏出液体积,既可满足实验准确度要求,又可节能省时。