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61.
采用溶胶-凝胶法以聚砜(PSF)中空纤维膜为载体制备了Fe-Ti O_2/PSF复合催化膜,以此构建新型复合催化膜生物反应器(HCMBR),实现膜催化与硝化反硝化耦合烟气脱硝,进一步提高NO去除能力.采用Fe-Ti O_2/PSF复合催化膜生物反应器(HCMBR)处理一氧化氮废气,实现了180 d长时间高效稳定运行,NO去除效率可达93.2%,去除能力可达167.1g·(m~3·h)~(-1).适宜运行条件为:气体停留时间9 s、自然光光照强度670 lx,p H为6.8~7.2,n C/n N=3.7.Fe-Ti O_2/PSF复合催化膜加入,复合催化膜生物反应器去除NO的效率比膜生物反应器提高了1.4%~13%,在Fe-Ti O_2/PSF复合催化膜附着稳定的生物膜后,复合催化膜生物反应器去除NO的效率比湿式膜催化反应器提高了59.5%~66%. 相似文献
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以吡啶,葡萄糖和邻苯二甲酸作为共代谢基质,研究了它们对芽孢杆菌Y_4降解异喹啉的影响。实验结果表明各降解过程均遵循二级反应动力学方程:-dS/dt=K2S2+K1S+K0。吡啶的加入会抑制异喹啉的降解,并且吡啶的浓度越高,抑制作用越明显。反应体系中葡萄糖的浓度为100-800mg/L时,葡萄糖的加入会促进异喹啉的降解,且葡萄糖浓度越大,异喹啉降解速率P越大,当葡萄糖的浓度为800mg/L时,其降解率速率P可由未加葡萄糖的0.1924h。上升为0.2255h-1。适宜浓度的邻苯二甲酸会对异喹啉的降解产生促进作用,邻苯二甲酸的浓度为50mg/L时,异喹啉的降解速率可由原来的0.1924h-1增加到0.2145h-1,邻苯二甲酸浓度过高反而会抑制异喹啉的降解。 相似文献
64.
脂肪酰基氨基酸对矿物润滑油生物降解性的影响研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
通过生物降解试验研究了N-月桂酰基谷氨酸、N-月桂酰基甘氨酸、N-月桂酰基丙氨酸和N-油酰基甘氨酸4种脂肪酰基氨基酸对HVI 350矿物润滑油生物降解性的影响,采用高倍电子显微镜分析了生物降解过程中微生物数量和形态变化。结果表明,在矿物润滑油中添加少量脂肪酰基氨基酸后,矿物润滑油的生物降解性能明显改善,且生物降解过程中微生物数量增多、形态发生变化,这可能是脂肪酰基氨基酸增加了微生物的营养,且具有表面活性,有利于细胞的吸收,从而促进了矿物润滑油生物降解。 相似文献
65.
Daniel O. Onunga Anastasiah N. Ngigi Aggrey Osogo Francis Orata Zachary M. Getenga 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):387-397
Carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl methylcarbamate) has been used within the Nzoia River Basin (NRB), especially in Bunyala Rice Irrigation Schemes, in Kenya for the control of pests. In this study, the capacity of native bacteria to degrade carbofuran in soils from NRB was investigated. A gram positive, rod-shaped bacteria capable of degrading carbofuran was isolated through liquid cultures with carbofuran as the only carbon and nitrogen source. The isolate degraded 98% of 100-μg mL?1 carbofuran within 10 days with the formation of carbofuran phenol as the only detectable metabolite. The degradation of carbofuran was followed by measuring its residues in liquid cultures using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Physical and morphological characteristics as well as molecular characterization confirmed the bacterial isolate to be a member of Bacillus species. The results indicate that this strain of Bacillus sp. could be considered as Bacillus cereus or Bacillus thuringiensis with a bootstrap value of 100% similar to the 16S rRNA gene sequences. The biodegradation capability of the native strains in this study indicates that they have great potential for application in bioremediation of carbofuran-contaminated soil sites. 相似文献
66.
Mark Radosevich Samuel J. Traina Olli H. Tuovinen 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):457-494
Abstract An atrazine‐degrading bacterial isolate (M91–3) was able to utilize simazine and cyanazine as N sources for glucose‐dependent growth. The degradation of these three 5‐triazine herbicides was also investigated in binary and ternary mixtures. The organism used atrazine and simazine indiscriminately, whereas cyanazine degradation was slow and delayed until the depletion of the two other herbicides. There was no apparent effect of other commonly used herbicides on the rate of atrazine degradation by M91–3. 相似文献
67.
Yun Ma Liansheng Chen Jiguo Qiu 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(10):851-859
A novel strain HZ5 was isolated from the activated sludge of a pesticide manufacturer in Hangzhou, which was capable of degrading beta-cypermethrin (beta-CP). Based on its physiological characteristics and analysis of 16S rDNA gene, strain HZ5 was identified as Azoarcus indigens, which was a new genus that can degrade beta-CP effectively. Strain HZ5 could degrade beta-CP over a wide range of temperature (20 to 40°C) and pH (5.5 to 9.0), and the optimal temperature and pH were 30°C and 7.0. The highest degradation rate was approximately 70% of 50 mg/L beta-CP within 144 h at pH 7.0 and 30°C in MSM. An additional carbon source could enhance the biodegradation of beta-CP. Studies on biodegradation of the beta-CP showed no significant enantioselectivity. During the process, two main intermediate metabolites were produced by strain HZ5 and determined as 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The results indicated that strain HZ5 may have potential application in bioremediation of beta-CP polluted environment. 相似文献
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Rajiv K. Sinha Sunil Herat Sunita Agarwal Ravi Asadi Emilio Carretero 《The Environmentalist》2002,22(3):261-268
The practice of vermiculture is at least a century old but it is now being revived worldwide with diverse ecological objectives such as waste management, soil detoxification and regeneration and sustainable agriculture. Earthworms act in the soil as aerators, grinders, crushers, chemical degraders and biological stimulators. They secrete enzymes, proteases, lipases, amylases, cellulases and chitinases which bring about rapid biochemical conversion of the cellulosic and the proteinaceous materials in the variety of organic wastes which originate from homes, gardens, dairies and farms. The process is odour free because earthworms release coelomic fluids in the decaying waste biomass which has anti-bacterial properties which kills pathogens. The species used in India were Indian blue (Perionyx excavatus), African night crawler (Eudrilus euginae) and the Tiger worm (Elsinia foetida). E. foetida was used in Australia. E. euginae was found to have higher feeding, growth and biodegradation capacity compared to other two species.Earthworm action was shown to enhance natural biodegradation and decomposition of wastes (60–80 percent under optimum conditions), thus significantly reducing the composting time by several weeks. Within 5 to 6 weeks, 95–100 percent degradation of all cellulosic materials was achieved. Even hard fruit and egg shells and bones can be degraded, although these may take longer. 相似文献