活性焦吸附预处理精制棉生产废水

采用活性焦吸附处理精制棉生产废水,采用GC/MS和发光细菌法评价处理前后废水的水质变化。结果表明:当活性焦用量为100 g/L时,30℃下吸附180 min,COD去除率可达78.82%;废水在AC表面的吸附为吸热反应;经吸附处理后水样的急性毒性减弱85.20%。由于活性焦的生产成本低廉,活性焦吸附可用作生物法处理精制棉生产废水的预处理技术。     

精制棉废水处理工程实践

针对在生产精制棉中产生的碱性黑液，采用吸附-厌氧-好氧-混凝处理工艺。运行结果表明，在进水CODcr≥6800mg／L，色度≥4000倍时，处理后出水CODcr≤100mg／L，色度≤50倍，达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)一级标准。该工艺采用生物吸附作为预处理，很大程度上降低了运行费用。     

厌氧折流板反应器处理化纤厂棉浆粕综合废水的实验研究

对新型厌氧反应器(ABR)处理化纤厂棉浆粕综合废水进行了研究。试验结果表明:采用ABR厌氧处理该废水,可以有效去除其中的有机物,在HRT为1d、进水COD为3360mg/L、有机负荷(OLR)为3.36kgCOD/(m3·d)的条件下,COD去除率为71.5%,出水COD降至958mg/L;利用浆粕黑液和纺丝废水混合调节pH,可以减少碱的用量,降低运行成本。     

Response of successive three generations of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), fed on cotton bolls under elevated CO2

The growth, development and consumption of successive three generations of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera （Htibner）, fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO2 （double-ambient vs. ambient） in open-top chambers were examined. Significant decreases in protein, total amino acid, water and nitrogen content and increases in free fatty acid were observed in cotton bolls. Changes in quality of cotton bolls affected the growth, development and food utilization of H. armigera. Significantly longer larval development duration in three successive generations and lower pupal weight of the second and third generations were observed in cotton bollworm fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO2. Significantly lower fecundity was also found in successive three generations of H. armigera fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO2. The consumption per larva occurred significant increase in successive three generations and frass per larva were also significantly increased during the second and third generations under elevated CO2. Significantly lower relative growth rate, efficiency of conversion of ingested food and significant higher relative consumption rate in successive three generations were observed in cotton bollworm fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO2. Significantly lower potential female fecundity, larval numbers and population consumption were found in the second and third generations of cotton bollworm fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO2. The integrative effect of higher larval mortality rate and lower adult fecundity resulted in significant decreases in potential population consumption in the latter two generations. The results show that elevated CO2 adversely affects cotton bolls quality, which indicates the potential population dynamics and potential population consumption of cotton bollworm will alleviate the harm to the plants in the future rising CO2 atmosphere.     

用回收棉籽油下脚料方法制硬脂酸的试验研究与应用

通过试验，搞清棉籽油厂下脚料（以下简称棉油脚）的物化性能。对如何从棉油脚中回收棉籽油制取硬脂酸进行了研究，并提高了回收棉籽油的质量和回收率。提出了具体的研制工艺和流程，为棉油脚的综合利用和硬脂酸产品的产业化提供技术依据。     

粉煤灰处理精制棉黑液及微观结构分析

考察了2mol/L硫酸改性处理粉煤灰前后对精制棉黑液COD和色度的去除效果,运用扫描电子显微镜分析了粉煤灰酸改性前后表面微观结构变化。结果表明:酸改性粉煤灰投加量分别为5,10,15 g时,精制棉黑液COD和色度的最大去除率分别为50.96%、68.02%、78.73%和56.53%、70.39%、72.37%;粉煤灰酸改性后表面孔隙率增加,处理精制棉黑液后表面孔隙消失,且堆积了大量颗粒状物质。粉煤灰经酸改性处理后增加了表面的孔隙率、提高了对污染物的吸附能力,对精制棉黑液COD和色度的去除能力明显增强。     

巯基棉富集——过硫酸铵光度法测定水中痕量锰

采用巯基棉富集水中痕量的锰，使检测下线达μｇ／ｌ级，操作简便，易于推广，各种水样测定结果令人满意。用加入法测得的回收率均在９０％以上。     

李付广 棉海耕耘

秋日的清晨,棉田里棉叶上还挂着晶莹剔透的露珠,在安阳大寒村的一片棉花地里,早有一个人的身影在那里忙碌着,他不时地弯腰去看看这株棉花,又去摸摸那株棉花。