A Chemical Characterization of A Lagoon Ecosystem: The Sacca Di Goro (Po River Delta, Italy)

This work reports on the results of a preliminary estimate of the presence and distribution of common and rare elements in a typical estuarine environment of the Po River Delta. Different environmental compartments (sediment, water, macroalgae and benthic animals) were considered, and analysis conducted on samples taken at two different sites characterized by low and high hydrodynamic regime. Resulting evidence of differences between the matrices, especially in relation to their different nature and sampling site are given.     

The Dynamics of Urban Ecosystem Governance in Rotterdam,The Netherlands

We explore whether Rotterdam city has the governance capacity in terms of processes at place, and the attention in terms of vision and strategy to take up an integrated approach toward urban resilience. We adopt an interpretative policy analysis approach to assess the dynamics of urban ecosystem governance considering interviews, gray literature, and facilitated dialogues with policy practitioners. We show the inner workings of local government across strategic, operational, tactical, and reflective governance processes about the way urban ecosystems are regulated. Despite the existing capacity to steer such processes, a number of underlying challenges exist: need for coordination between planning departments; need to ease the integration of new policy objectives into established adaptive policy cycles; and need to assess the lessons learnt from pilots and emerging green initiatives. Regulating and provisioning ecosystem services receive heightened policy attention. Focus on regulating services is maintained by a policy renewal cycle that limits and delays consideration of other ecosystem services in policy and planning.     

长江三角洲城市群城乡统筹发展的空间差别化研究

以长江三角洲地区为研究对象,根据城乡统筹的内涵及特点,构建了城乡统筹发展水平的综合评价指标体系。采用全局主成分分析方法,对2000、2008年两个年份的城乡统筹水平进行了定量评估,并分析了影响长三角地区城乡统筹发展水平的影响因素。研究结果表明:①各城市城乡统筹水平差异显著,2000～2008年相对差距有微弱扩大的趋势,局部发生变动;②各城市城乡统筹水平由城市群外围向中心逐渐递增;③影响长三角城市群各城市城乡统筹发展水平的四大因子是城镇化因子、外向型经济因子、城乡收入水平及城乡交流因子。最后对长江三角洲城市群城乡统筹发展提出了有关的对策建议。     

Persistent organic pollutants associated to water fluxes and sedimentary processes in the Colorado River delta, Baja California, México

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were studied in sediment cores from two distinctive modern channels of the Colorado River (CR) delta. Their abundance and temporal changes are associated with flood-flows from the CR across the USA-Mexico border. The CR channel is directly exposed to river flood-flows while the Hardy River (HR) is a local channel derived mainly from agricultural runoff, geothermal effluents, and treated urban wastewater. Different headwater compositions and degrees of exposure to flood-flows appear to be the factors controlling the composition of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Enrichment of OCPs (46 ng g⁻¹ dwt in HR and 4.37 ng g⁻¹ dwt in CR) occurred during or a few years after flooding. PCB-138 (4.2 ng g⁻¹ dwt) is enriched in HR suggesting its origin in dielectric oils from the geothermal power plant. PCB-28 (2.1 ng g⁻¹ dwt) in CR may be related with atmospheric input and/or re-deposition of upstream sediments. In surficial sediments (0-3 cm), only HR exceeds international sediment quality guidelines (4,4′-DDE = 8.16 ng g⁻¹ dwt and ΣDDT = 8.34 ng g⁻¹ dwt).     

An analytical framework for strategic delta planning: negotiating consent for long-term sustainable delta development

Sectoral planning on water, agriculture and urban development has not been able to prevent increased flood risks and environmental degradation in many deltas. Governments conceive strategic delta planning as a promising planning approach and develop strategic delta plans. Such plans are linked to actions and means for implementation in the short-term, in line with long-term strategic choices. This paper introduces an analytical framework that focuses on the role of actors, innovative solutions and participatory planning tools in negotiating consent for the strategic choices in a delta plan and its implementation. Cases of Bangladesh, the Netherlands and Vietnam are discussed as a plausibility probe to explore the framework's potential. The probe reveals that the framework is promising to explain the process and outcomes of strategic delta planning in urbanizing deltas. The paper ends with an initial research agenda to stimulate research and discussion on this new delta planning approach.     

长三角区域性应急救援体系的建设

区域性应急救援体系建设是区域一体化的必然要求，也是一个全新的研究课题。以长江三角洲地区为例，对当前区域性应急救援体系建设过程中出现的主要问题进行了分析，并从法制、体制和机制等方面提出了对策。     

塔里木盆地北缘盐渍地遥感调查及成因分析——以渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲为例

土壤盐渍化严重威胁着干旱区绿洲的稳定与可持续发展，因此监测盐渍地的分布范围和程度以及分析其成因有着重要的意义。以塔里木盆地北缘盐渍地普遍发育区域渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲为例，利用TM遥感影像，在野外调查的基础上，采用监督分类中的波谱角度分类法进行了盐渍地调查研究。该方法对盐渍地的提取精度可达到92％左右，是干旱区盐渍地监测的一种有效方法。在此基础上分析了渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲盐渍地的分布范围与程度，并结合气候、地貌、水文、人类活动等因素，对盐渍化成因进行了讨论。结果表明：干旱荒漠气候是形成盐渍地的前提条件，母岩和母质含盐是形成盐渍地的物质基础，地表水和地下水的补给是形成盐渍地的动力，人为因素是形成灌区次生盐渍地的重要条件。     

The tenth dragon: controlled seasonal flooding in long-term policy plans for the Vietnamese Mekong delta

Recently the Vietnamese government has endorsed a long-term policy plan in which it is proposed to restore controlled seasonal flooding in the upper regions of the Vietnamese part of the Mekong delta. Restoring controlled flooding would contrast a period of several decades characterized by a dominant flood prevention approach to enable intensive rice production in the delta. This article investigates a series of long-term policy plans, which have been developed for the Mekong delta since the 1960s, on their take on flood control sensu flood prevention, or the opposite, controlled seasonal flooding. By doing so it is demonstrated how perspectives on flood management have gradually evolved and, in the specific case of suggesting controlled flooding, have been framed in various ways by various actors. Contemporary proposals for controlled seasonal flooding are supported by actors ranging from governmental institutes to environmental NGOs, and connect to on-going debates about environmental challenges and sustainable development of the Mekong delta. We adopt a systems approach to analyze social, environmental and technological dynamics in the Mekong delta, and discuss whether the different interpretations of controlled flooding may contribute to the long-term sustainability of the delta.     

辽河三角洲湿地景观空间格局变化分析

以1988年和2001年2个时相的Landsat-TM/ETM影像为信息源,选取斑块数量、斑块平均面积、边界密度、斑块密度、形态指数和斑块分维数等6个代表性格局指数,对辽河三角洲湿地景观格局变化进行了定量分析。结果表明,1988~2001年,水田、内陆水体和养殖用地呈现明显的增加趋势,苇田、光滩、河口潮间带水域和碱蓬面积呈减少趋势。受人类的区域综合开发活动的影响,研究区斑块数量和边界密度分别增加了32.76%和21.4%,而斑块平均面积减小了30.2%,平均斑块密度由17.43个/km2增加至24.21个/km2,斑块形态指数由84.03增至103.20,斑块分维数由1.057增至1.059。