基于探索性空间分析的中国氮氧化物排放强度研究

采用全局和局部空间相关分析方法研究中国省际氮氧化物排放强度的空间自相关性和空间异质性.结果表明:2003—2011年全局自相关Moran'sⅠ值均为正数,表明省域之间氮氧化物排放强度呈现正相关的空间集聚分布,2003—2011年氮氧化物排放强度的空间聚集程度在不断加强;氮氧化物排放强度的空间异质性主要表现为氮氧化物排放强度的“冷点”区相对稳定,主要集中在东部、南部沿海和长江中游地区,“热点”区主要集中在东北、大西南、大西北和黄河中游地区;氮氧化物排放强度的空间差异与区域经济发展水平、产业结构和能源利用效率等因素密切相关,基于空间探索性数据分析方法研究我国氮氧化物排放强度的空间异质性,为国家制定差异化的区域氮氧化物减排目标和氮氧化物排放调控政策提供有益参考.     

Phanerochaete chrysosporium吸附载体的选择及染料降解研究

研究了游离细胞与载体吸附培养、不同载体材料对Phanerochaete chrysosporium进行连续染料脱色及产酶能力的影响。结果表明，P. chrysosporium可在载体上良好生长，甚至生长到载体内部。木屑、玉米芯、花生壳3种载体材料中，以木屑载体吸附培养物的持续脱色和产酶效果最佳，该培养物经三轮连续脱色后对染料RB5仍能达到最高95%的脱色率，并产生596 U/L锰依赖过氧化物酶（MnP）和1 326 U/L木质素过氧化物酶（LiP），对染料的持续脱色和产酶能力明显优于游离细胞培养物。     

乌鲁木齐市硫酸盐化速率浓度水平的时空分布特征

以2005-2009年乌鲁木齐市城市硫酸盐化速率数据为依据,研究了乌鲁木齐市城市硫酸盐化速率的浓度水平和变化规律,并用Arc-Gis绘出了乌鲁木齐市硫酸盐化速率的空间分布图,分析探讨了防治措施。     

Particle concentration effect in adsorption/desorption of Zn(Ⅱ) on anatase type nano TiO_2

Adsorption/desorption in a new Zn(Ⅱ)-TiO_2 adsorption system was investigated at different particle concentrations(C_p).TEM,SEM and XRD analyses revealed that the TiO_2 particles were an aggregation of nano-sized(approximately 10 nm)pure anatase-type TiO_2. Adsorption experiments were carried out with particle concentrations of 100,400 and 1000 mg/L,and their adsorption isotherms were found to decline successively,showing an obvious C_p effect.Desorption experiments indicated that adsorption in this system was irreversible,and the irreversibility increased with increasing C_p.These phenomena could be explained by the MEA(metastable equilibrium adsorption)theory and the C_p effect could be modeled well with an MEA-Freundlich-type C_p effect isotherm equation. This study may help understand environmental behavior of contaminants on ultrafine natural particles.     

垃圾发电变废为宝

近十多年来,在世界环保热潮的推动下,世界各国科学家都在积极寻求垃圾无害化处理的对策.化害为利,变废为宝.     

浑河底泥微生物群落的季节性变化特征

为了解河流底泥微生物群落结构的季节性变化,利用PCR-DGGE技术对丰水期、平水期、枯水期浑河底泥中的微生物进行指纹图谱分析,并对优势条带进行测序和系统发育分析. 结果表明:浑河底泥微生物群落结构存在一定的时空异质性,在空间上可分为上游抚顺市地区(1~5号采样点)、中游沈阳市地区(6~11号采样点)和下游乡镇地区(12~14号采样点);平水期、枯水期、丰水期Shannon-Wiener多样性指数分别为3.04~3.88、2.66~3.66、3.04~3.45. 抚顺市地区和沈阳市地区不同水期底泥微生物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数差异较大,而乡镇地区则无明显变化趋势;平水期和枯水期底泥微生物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数从上游至下游呈先升后降趋势,而丰水期上、下游微生物多样性差异较小. 底泥微生物中以变形菌(Proteobacteria)最多,其次是拟杆菌(Bacteroidetes)和蓝藻菌(Cyanobacteria);而平水期优势种群数量最多. 研究显示,人类活动及丰水期对底泥微生物多样性有较大影响,掌握河流底泥微生物分布有助于深入了解河流物质的代谢过程.      

Kinetics of selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH_3 on Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst

The catalyst of Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 has been found to be more active than Fe-ZSM-5 and Mo/ZSM-5 separately for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitric oxide (NO) with NH_3.The kinetics of the SCR reaction in the presence of O_2 was studied in this work.The results showed that the observed reaction orders were 0.74-0.99,0.01-0.13,and 0 for NO,O_2 and NH_3 at 350-450℃,respectively. And the apparent activation energy of the SCR was 65 kJ/mol on the Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst.The SCR mechanism was also deduced. Adsorbed NO species can react directly with adsorbed ammonia species on the active sites to form N_2 and H_2O.Gaseous O_2 might serve as a reoxidizing agent for the active sites that have undergone reduction in the SCR process.It is also important to note that a certain amount of NO was decomposed directly over the Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst in the absence of NH_3.     

海水ORP的影响因素

考察了影响ORP数值的几种因素,通过改变温度,含氧量,pH值等方法探讨了ORP与其影响因素之间的关系,结果表明开放海水中的ORP主要是由溶解氧含量和pH值控制,并受到温度的影响。     

regionalclimate Characteristics of regional climate change and pattern analysis on Ordos Plateau

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