硝基苯胺同牛血清白蛋白的相互作用及其毒性

运用毛细管电泳相互作用分析的峰漂移模型 ,在接近于生物大分子与配体作用所需要的生理条件下 ,测定了典型有机物邻 、间 、对 硝基苯胺三种化合物共存时与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用的结合常数 .结合常数大小顺序是 :邻 硝基苯胺 >对 硝基苯胺 >间 硝基苯胺 .根据三种物质作用前后紫外吸收强度的变化推算出的结果与实验结果具有一致性 .对这些结合常数与该三种物质的生物实验毒性她据及其分子结构参数的相关性进行比较分析 ,发现它们之间存在一定的相关性 .这表明用毛细管电泳相互作用分析方法评价硝基苯胺的生物毒性具有一定可行性 .     

国产NEDA试剂测定苯胺及pH调节

目前一般均采用萘乙二胺偶氮光度法测定水中的苯胺。该法对所用N-(1萘基)乙二胺盐酸盐(NEDA)试剂的质量要求甚高,使用国产NEDA空白值高;在有些方法中,采用固体硫酸氢钾或无水碳酸钠调节试液的pH值,较难掌握。针对上述问题,进行了一些试验,取得了较好的效果,并大大地节约了测定成本。     

催化剂联用UV/H2O2及Fe2+降解苯酚、苯胺的动力学分析

以制备的催化剂与UV、H2 O2 及Fe2 作为联合介质 ,研究它们降解苯酚、苯胺的效果 ,并探讨了相关的机理。结果表明 ,苯酚、苯胺在催化剂 -UV -H2 O2 (4mmol L) -Fe2 (10 % ,1mL)联用下降解效果最好 ,降解速率符合准一级动力学方程。     

一种光催化体系光催化降解苯胺的研究

以钛酸丁酯为原料．以膨润土为载体,用酸性溶胶法合成TiO2纳米复合物,并利用该复合物作催化剂,在H2O2存在下进行光催化降解苯胺溶液。结果表明,该催化剂在UV／H2O2系统中对苯胺溶液有很好的光催化降解效果,其效果优于纯TiO2;H2O2的存在提高了苯胺光催化降解速率,在本实验条件下其最佳摩尔浓度是5mmol／L;溶液pH是影响反应速率的重要因素．pH在中性范围内具有更强的光催化活性;该体系中苯胺能够有效地被降解,其光催化反应遵循一级反应动力学规律。     

电化学降解与声电化降解苯胺溶液的对比实验研究

采用电化学和声电化两种方法处理苯胺溶液．考察了处理时间、苯胺浓度、pH、电解质浓度、电解电压等因素对苯胺降解率的影响,并对两种方法处理的溶液分别进行紫外分析。实验结果表明．在其他条件相同的情况下．声电化降解所得苯胺降解率远远大于采用电化学方法所得降解率。     

化学解耦联剂对活性污泥工艺中剩余污泥的减量作用

采用合建式曝气沉淀池模拟装置,将3,3′,4′,5 四氯水杨酰苯胺(TCS)作为代谢解耦联剂添加到完全混合活性污泥工艺中.连续培养试验结果表明,在每g固体悬浮物中含量为0 5mg时,TCS是一种有效的化学解耦联剂,可降低剩余污泥产量约30%.在60d的运行期间,活性污泥工艺的COD去除效率和污泥的沉降性能未见有明显影响,但出水氨氮及总氮浓度升高,污泥的SOUR值相应增加.镜检发现,添加解耦联剂运行60d后,污泥中的丝状菌增多,原生动物和后生动物数量和种类减少,且活性也降低.以上结果表明,可以应用TCS来降低活性污泥工艺中的剩余污泥产量,但对污泥的种群结构有一定的影响.     

过氧化氢/磷钼酸体系的催化机制及对苯胺的降解效果

以苯胺为目标污染物,通过苯胺的降解实验从3类6种过氧化氢催化剂中筛选出催化效果较好的杂多酸催化剂磷钼酸(PMA).利用氧化还原电位测定法、电子顺磁共振波谱法、化学发光法以及拉曼光谱法分析了H2O2/PMA催化体系的催化机制,初步推测PMA催化H2O2生成高活性的[Mo(OO)2]*和[Mo(OOH)2]*中间体.同时,...     

Kinetics of aniline oxidation with chlorine dioxide

For the first time, kinetics of aniline oxidation with chlorine dioxide(ClO2) were investigated systematically by detecting concentration of aniline with HPLC at regular intervals. Results showed that the reaction was first-order both in ClO2 and in aniline, and the oxidation reaction could be described as second-order reaction. Stoichiometric factor η was experimentally determined to be 2.44. The second-order-reaction rate constant k was 0.11L/(mol.s)under condition of pH 6.86 and water temperature(Tw) 287K. Reaction activation energy was 72.31 kJ/mol, indicating that the reaction could take place under usual water treatment conditions. The reaction rate constants in acidic and alkali media were greater than that in neutral medium. Chlorite ion could slightly increase reaction rate in acidic medium. p-aminophenol and azobenzene were detected by GC-MS as intermediates.     

Competitive and cooperative adsorption behaviors of phenol and aniline onto nonpolar macroreticular adsorbents

The adsorption behaviors of phenol and aniline on nonpolar macroreticular adsorbents(NDA100 and Amberlite XAD4) were investigated in single or binary batch system at 293K and 313K respectively in this study. The results indicated that the adsorption isotherms of phenol and aniline on both adsorbents in both systems fitted well Langmuir equation, which indicated a favourable and exothermic process. At the lower equilibrium concentrations, the individual amount adsorbed of phenol or aniline on macroreticular adsorbents in single-component systems was higher than those in binary-component systems because of the competition between phenol and aniline towards the adsorption sites. It is noteworthy, on the contrast, that at higher concentrations, the total uptake amounts of phenol and aniline in binary-component systems were obviously larger than that in single-component systems, and a large excess was noted on the adsorbent surface at saturation, which is presumably due to the cooperative effect primarily arisen from the hydrogen bonding or weak acidbase interaction between phenol and aniline.     

测定苯胺时pH值控制原理及调试方法的改进

讨论了和萘乙二胺偶氮光度法测定苯胺时ＰＨ值的控制原理，并对ＰＨ值的调试方法进行了改进，改进后的方法简便可靠，提高了分析速度和分析结果的精密度。