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1.
Conservation conflicts are gaining importance in contemporary conservation scholarship such that conservation may have entered a conflict hype. We attempted to uncover and deconstruct the normative assumptions behind such studies by raising several questions: what are conservation conflicts, what justifies the attention they receive, do conservation-conflict studies limit wildlife conservation, is scientific knowledge stacked against wildlife in conservation conflicts, do conservation-conflict studies adopt a specific view of democracy, can laws be used to force conservation outcomes, why is flexibility needed in managing conservation conflicts, can conservation conflicts be managed by promoting tolerance, and who needs to compromise in conservation conflicts? We suggest that many of the intellectual premises in the field may defang conservation and prevent it from truly addressing the current conservation crisis as it accelerates. By framing conservation conflicts as conflicts between people about wildlife or nature, the field insidiously transfers guilt, whereby human activities are no longer blamed for causing species decline and extinctions but conservation is instead blamed for causing social conflicts. When the focus is on mitigating social conflicts without limiting in any powerful way human activities damaging to nature, conservation-conflict studies risk keeping conservation within the limits of human activities, instead of keeping human activities within the limits of nature. For conservation to successfully stop the biodiversity crisis, we suggest the alternative goal of recognizing nature's right to existence to maintenance of ecological functions and evolutionary processes. Nature being a rights bearer or legal person would imply its needs must be explicitly taken into account in conflict adjudication. If, even in conservation, nature's interests come second to human interests, it may be no surprise that conservation cannot succeed. 相似文献
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Mark DeLaurier Michael Salvador 《Environmental Communication: A Journal of Nature and Culture》2018,12(3):387-401
This paper responds to recent calls for alternative approaches to the analysis of environmental communication that uncover overlooked voices in the discussion of environmental issues. Borrowing core principles from critical rhetoric, it suggests a way to categorize media messages according to how human–nature relationships are constructed in media discourse. The paper illustrates how, in presenting contrasting and often oppositional constructions of human–nature relationships, the media messages examined articulate three recurrent (but not equal) discourses on global warming. These discourses include (1) nature-as-out-of-reach discourse, (2) nature-as-antagonist discourse, and (3) nature-as-co-present discourse. By juxtaposing these discourses, the paper shows how environmental communication scholars can engage in critical realism and political advocacy to illuminate latent public discourse that holds the potential to champion marginalized voices of nature and accentuate the interconnectedness of humans and the environment. 相似文献
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Chenniappan Thiagarajan Subbaiyan Naveen Sundaram Madhu Perumal Muthumari 《环境质量管理》2023,32(4):317-326
Multiple ecological tactics, like the ones described here, can be imitated to strongly affect these two components in the construction sector. This article provides an in-depth examination of the literature on biomimicry-based strategies intended to enhance building designs. This analysis is motivated by the rising need for energy legislation to achieve future local goals and provide a framework for use in Panama. These biomimicry-based methods have undergone more review and evaluation, and the incorporation of organism-based design for three of Panama's climate types has been proposed. Therefore, a SWOT analysis assisted in realizing the full potential that biomimicry-based techniques might have in raising the likelihood of satisfying local and international regulatory standards. In order to design constructions using biomimicry, multidisciplinary collaboration is required. This gives a competitive edge for better-trained human resources and expands horizons in the conventional construction industry. Finally, the analysis provided here might act as the preliminary step for the additional technical assessment using numerical and experimental procedures. 相似文献
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湖北省自然保护区建设现状及空缺分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
建立自然保护区是保护生物多样性以及重要自然与文化遗产的主要措施,是保护生态环境和自然资源的基本方式,具有重大的经济、生态、文化、科学以及美学和娱乐价值。根据实地调查和资料汇总,截至2007年12月,湖北省共建立自然保护区58个,总面积108.01万hm2,占湖北省国土面积的5.79%。文章在分析已建自然保护区基础上,研究了自然保护区类型、物种多样性、区域体系布局等方面存在的空缺,提出了调整现有自然保护区(主要方式为合并、升级、扩区)和新建自然保护区(小区、点)的建议,包括合并堵河源和十八里长峡自然保护区、麋鹿自然保护区的扩区,新建三峡库区湿地自然保护区、火烧坪草地生态系统自然保护区等一批自然保护区的规划建议,为湖北省自然保护区管理和规划提供依据。 相似文献
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由于CFCs和HCFCs人工合成制冷剂破坏大气臭氧层,并产生温室效应,因此用自然工质替代合成工质越来越受到国内外制冷界的重视。文章对环保型CO2制冷工质进行了综合评价,并利用热力学原理建立模型,分析了CO2跨临界带膨胀机制冷循环的性能。结果表明:与CO2跨临界带节流阀制冷循环相比,CO2跨临界带膨胀机制冷循环明显提高了系统的性能系数(COP)。同时在保持压缩机排气压力和膨胀机等熵效率一定时,CO2跨临界带膨胀机制冷循环系统COP随着气体冷却器出口温度的增加而逐渐降低,但随着蒸发温度的增加而快速增加。在实际系统设计过程中,应综合考虑以上影响因素,以使系统设计最优化。 相似文献
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磨盘山水库已成为哈尔滨市人民重要的饮用水源地。解决保护区农药和化肥等造成的面源污染问题的重要措施就是要在这一地区发展建设无任何污染的有机食品基地,这对农民在一定时期内可能会造成局部和暂时的利益损失,因此,必须要有生态补偿机制,才能使保护区发展有机食品成为可行。本文为此疑出了建立磨盘山水源地保护区生态补偿机制的方法及相关措施。 相似文献
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随着苏里格气田天然气探明储量的增加,气田的开发力度逐渐加大,气田开发带给当地的生态环境问题也在凸显。本文介绍了苏里格气田的现状及钻井泥浆的成分及危害,为减少环境危害提供理论依据。 相似文献