Performance assessment system of health,safety and environment based on experts' weights and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation

Performance evaluation of Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) is the measurement of a company's achievement in HSE management. In order to receive a comprehensive and objective evaluation result, it is necessary to consider all evaluation factors and experts at different levels when HSE performance assessment is conducted. To improve conventional HSE performance evaluation, where weighted average method was used, a Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) method is used in this study by taking experts' weights into account. Further, an HSE operating performance assessment system is designed to simplify manual and complex assessment process and generate charts and analysis reports automatically. Finally, a case of petrochemical enterprise is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the method and system.     

Application of Bayesian regularized BP neural network model for analysis of aquatic ecological data-A case study of chlorophyll-a prediction in Nanzui water area of Dongting Lake

Bayesian regularized BP neural network（BRBPNN） technique was applied in the chlorophyll-α prediction of Nanzui water area in Dongting Lake. Through BP network interpolation method, the input and output samples of the network were obtained. After the selection of input variables using stepwise/multiple linear regression method in SPSS i1.0 software, the BRBPNN model was established between chlorophyll-α and environmental parameters, biological parameters. The achieved optimal network structure was 3-11-1 with the correlation coefficients and the mean square errors for the training set and the test set as 0.999 and 0.000？8426, 0.981 and 0.0216 respectively. The sum of square weights between each input neuron and the hidden layer of optimal BRBPNN models of different structures indicated that the effect of individual input parameter on chlorophyll- α declined in the order of alga amount 〉 secchi disc depth（SD） 〉 electrical conductivity （EC）. Additionally, it also demonstrated that the contributions of these three factors were the maximal for the change of chlorophyll-α concentration, total phosphorus（TP） and total nitrogen（TN） were the minimal. All the results showed that BRBPNN model was capable of automated regularization parameter selection and thus it may ensure the excellent generation ability and robustness. Thus, this study laid the foundation for the application of BRBPNN model in the analysis of aquatic ecological data（chlorophyll-α prediction） and the explanation about the effective eutrophication treatment measures for Nanzui water area in Dongting Lake.     

生物滤池和常规工艺对某地表水中不同分子量有机物的去除

采用生物滤池和常规处理对受污染的某地表水进行试验研究 ,用膜过滤法对其出水进行了分子量分析 ,考察了 2个处理单元对不同分子量区间有机物的去除效果。结果表明 :原水中分子量小于 1 0 0 0的有机物占总 DOC的 78.2 9% ;生物滤池对分子量小于50 0、50 0～ 1 0 0 0和 >60 0 0 0的有机物去除率分别为 54.9%、36.1 %和 2 0 .7% ;常规处理对以上分子量区间有机物的去除率分别为1 5.3%、- 2 0 %和 48.75%。     

The reliability of experts' opinions in constructing a composite environmental index: The case of ESI 2005

The complexity of the environment demands a well-constructed composite environmental index (CEI) to provide a useful tool to draw attention to environmental conditions and trends for policy purposes. Among the common difficulties in constructing a proper CEI are uncertainties due to the selection of the most representative underlying variables or indicators. A degree of uncertainty accompanies experts' judgments, and to deal with vague, subjective or inconsistent information, logic other than classic is required. This study analyzes a procedure that uses different experts' opinions in constructing a CEI, with the use of paraconsistent annotated logic. For this, a sensitivity analysis of the Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI 2005) was used as an example to assess the reliability of experts' opinions. The uncertainty due to the disagreement in experts' opinions clearly indicates that the forms we presently use to measure and monitor the actual environment are insufficient, that is, there is a lack of a “science of sustainability”.     

PROCEDURES FOR THE EVALUATION OF ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES1

ABSTRACT: This paper describes a method of analyzing the nonquantifiable parameters which should be considered in the evaluation of engineering alternatives. The nonquantifiable parameters can include environmental impact, feasibility of implementation, and performance. The method considers rating all the alternatives on the basis of a set of criteria which reflect these parameters. A procedure is discussed for obtaining review and guidance in the evaluation of engineering alternatives from the local elected officials or governing bodies and for obtaining the views and desires of the local communities. This is achieved through the formation of project review committees and an evaluation procedure which allows for the technical rating of alternatives by the engineer and the weighing of the evaluation criteria by the political and social groups. With the growing environmental concern and the high cost of engineering projects, the involvement of the public during the evaluation of engineering projects is becoming increasingly important to the final success of the project.     

模糊综合评价法的改进及其在水库水质评价中的应用

为了克服传统模糊综合评价法中权重赋值的片面性及最大隶属度原则导致评价结果不合理的弊端,提出了基于层次分析法和熵权法的主客观组合权重,并结合相乘相加算子及加权平均原则,建立了改进的模糊综合评价法.选取TP、TN、DO、NH3-N、CODMn和BOD5为评价指标,用改进的模糊综合评价法对重庆某水库2012年7-12月的水质进行了综合评价.结果表明:TN为主要的污染物;水质最差时段为8月,评价结果为2.655,水质属于Ⅱ级,略偏于Ⅲ级.评价结果与人工神经网络模型所得结果基本一致.     

长白山火山泥石流分布影响因子权重分析

利用层次分析法对长白山天池火山泥石流分布影响因子的权重进行了分析。将对长白山天池火山泥石流分布影响作为评价目标,将地质条件、地形地貌以及植被覆盖情况作为第一层次的评价因子,地层年代、地层岩性、风化程度、堆积厚度、高程、相对高差、纵坡比、植被类型、覆盖程度作为第二层次的评价因子,由评价目标以及2个层次的评价因子构成了层次结构模型。通过层次结构模型建立了2个层次的4个判断矩阵,通过对判断矩阵的计算,最终得到了各因子对长白山火山泥石流分布影响的权重值。其中地形地貌中的相对高差及纵坡比对长白山火山泥石流分布的影响最大。     

Comparison of a two-stage sampling design and its composite sample alternative: An application to soil studies

The objective of a long-term soil survey is to determine the mean concentrations of several chemical parameters for the pre-defined soil layers and to compare them with the corresponding values in the past. A two-stage random sampling procedure is used to achieve this goal. In the first step, n subplots are selected from N subplots by simple random sampling without replacement; in the second step, m sampling sites are chosen within each of the n selected subplots. Thus n · m soil samples are collected for each soil layer. The idea of the composite sample design comes from the challenge of reducing very expensive laboratory analyses: m laboratory samples from one subplot and one soil layer are physically mixed to form a composite sample. From each of the n selected subplots, one composite sample per soil layer is analyzed in the laboratory, thus n per soil layer in total. In this paper we show that the cost is reduced by the factor m — 1 when instead of the two-stage sampling its composite sample alternative is used; however, the variance of the composite sample mean is increased. In the case of positive intraclass correlation the increase is less than 12.5%; in the case of negative intraclass correlation the increase depends on the properties of the variable as well. For the univariate case we derive the optimal number of subplots and sampling sites. A case study is discussed at the end.     

基于理想点法的邻近基坑高层建筑安全性评价

为更加准确地评价紧邻基坑高层建筑物的安全状况,综合考虑了建筑物稳定性、基坑与建筑之间土体扰动程度和建筑物地基抗扰动能力三方面因素,采用相关系数法选取14个评价指标,构建建筑物安全评价模型。并通过变异系数法和AHP确定各评价指标融合权重,最后采用理想点法对某紧邻基坑的高层建筑物进行安全评价。结果表明,该模型可以有效判断邻近深基坑高层建筑物的安全等级,其评判结果与工程实际相符     

Ergonomic Diagnosis of the Driver’s Workplace in an Electric Locomotive

This paper deals with research aimed at developing a method for ergonomic analysis of the driver’s workplace in an electric locomotive. It presents the structure of the diagnosis and its assumptions, and includes a re-evaluation of the questionnaire-expert method in ergonomic research. The article presents research data on weights and evaluations including their standard deviations for particular priority features. Ergonomic levels of the studied operator’s cabin in locomotives are compared.