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排序方式: 共有243条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Coal dust explosion occurs easily in the coal chemical industry. To ensure safety in industrial production, NaY zeolite was used as carrier modified with Fe ions and combined with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to prepare a novel composite suppressant for coal dust explosion. The explosion suppression performance of novel APP/NaY–Fe suppressant was investigated by flame propagation inhibition experiments. The results show that Fe ion modification can effectively improve the explosion suppression performance. By increasing content, the explosion suppression performance of the explosion suppressant increases. The maximum explosion pressure Pmax of coal dust drops to 0.13 MPa when 50 wt% explosion suppressants were added, and the coal dust explosion cannot continue to expand. Complete suppression of explosion could be achieved by adding 66 wt% explosion suppressants. Combined with XRD, SEM and TG results, the explosion suppression mechanism was proposed. The novel explosion suppressant has high thermal stability, good dispersity and its explosion suppression components distribute uniformly. It shows good explosion suppression performance by the synergistic effect among explosion-suppression components. 相似文献
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Runaway reactions present a potentially serious threat to the chemical process industry and the community; such reactions occur time and time again often with devastating consequences. The main objective of this research is to study the root causes associated with ammonium nitrate (AN) explosions during storage. The research focuses on AN fertilizers and studies the effects of different types of fertilizer compatible additives on AN thermal decomposition. Reactive Systems Screening Tool (RSST) has been used for reactivity evaluation and to better understand the mechanisms that result in explosion hazards. The results obtained from this tool have been reported in terms of parameters such as “onset” temperature, rate of temperature and pressure rise and maximum temperature. The runaway behavior of AN has been studied as a solid and solution in water. The effect of additives such as sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and potassium chloride (KCl) has also been studied. Multiple tests have been conducted to determine the characteristics of AN decomposition accurately. The results show that the presence of sodium sulfate can increase the “onset” temperature of AN decomposition thus acting as AN thermal decomposition inhibitor, while potassium chloride tends to decrease the “onset” temperature thus acting as AN thermal decomposition promoter. 相似文献
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研究了UV/H2O2/草酸高铁铵体系下孔雀绿(Malachite green,MG)光降解过程中的影响因素,包括MG的初始浓度、初始pH值、投加H2O2浓度和草酸高铁铵浓度等。结果表明:MG初始浓度越低光降解越快,碱性条件有利于MG的降解,其最佳降解pH为11.0;随H2O2浓度的增加,MG降解率先增加后减少,在100mmol/L时,降解率最高;MG降解率随草酸高铁铵浓度增加而增加,于10.0mmol/L时MG降解率最高;UV/H2O2/草酸高铁铵体系的降解效果较强,交叉实验结果表明H2O2:草酸高铁铵浓度比在1~20:1时降解率均高于。因此该体系具有快速、简单、经济并高效率等特点,可应用于染料废水的降解和脱色工艺中。 相似文献
4.
为探索长江口崇明东滩表层沉积物中是否存在厌氧氨氧化菌以及厌氧氨氧化菌的群落结构与空间分布特征,以崇明东滩高、中、低潮滩夏季表层沉积物中总DNA为模板,PCR扩增沉积物样品中厌氧氨氧化菌特异性16S rDNA片段,通过克隆、测序,构建相应基因文库,将文库中有效克隆序列分别提交到GenBank中进行相似序列搜索,并利用MEGA5绘制系统发育树.分析结果发现,克隆序列CM-L-7和CM-L-18与已发现厌氧氨氧化菌Candidatus"Scalindua sp."同源性达98%,CM-L-13与Candidatus"Scalindua wagneri"同源性达94%,CM-M-6与Candidatus"Kuenenia sp."同源性达94%,CM-M-22与Anaerobicammonium-oxidizing planctomycete JMK-1的同源性达95%,CM-H-15与Candidatus"Kuenenia stuttgartiensis"的同源性达94%.表明,崇明东滩高、中、低潮滩表层沉积物中均存在厌氧氨氧化菌,但所属菌属不同,低潮滩以Candidatus"Scalindua"为主,中、高潮滩以Candidatus"Kuenenia"为主.相比之下,中潮滩厌氧氨氧化菌群落结构较为复杂.部分克隆序列与已发现厌氧氨氧化菌存在较大进化距离,表明崇明东滩可能还存在其他具有潜在厌氧氨氧化功能的细菌. 相似文献
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我国14个站点降水中甲酸和乙酸浓度及对酸性的贡献 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为了较全面地掌握我国大气降水中有机酸含量及其对降水酸性的贡献,于2007年全年在我国14个区域代表性较好的站点采集了降水样品,利用离子交换色谱法分析了样品中的甲酸和乙酸2种重要有机酸的浓度,对所得各站数据进行了统计分析,计算了2种酸的湿沉降通量和对降水酸性的相对贡献.观测到的14个站点甲酸和乙酸平均浓度范围分别为0.96~3.43μmol/L和0~5.13μmol/L,接近国外偏远地区观测结果,也接近我国过去短期观测结果的低端值.比较显示,偏远地区有机酸含量低于城市附近地区.估算的甲酸和乙酸湿沉降通量范围分别为0.38~4.18mmol/(m2.a)和0.06~5.87mmol/(m2.a),南方站点有机酸湿沉降通量大于北方.有机酸对降水酸性的贡献范围是0.02%~51.6%,总平均贡献为2.95%,这一结果表明,虽然我国酸雨主要是硫、氮排放造成的,但有机酸在部分地区及部分时段甚至有很显著的致酸作用,应该成为酸雨观测研究内容之一. 相似文献
7.
ROMSAIYUD Angsana SONGKASIRI Warinthom NOPHARATANA Annop CHAIPRASERT Pawinee 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2009,21(7)
The productivity and efficiency of cellulase are significant in cellulose hydrolysis. With the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), the pH value in anaerobic digestion system is reduced. Therefore, this study will find out how the pH and the amount of acetate influence the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. The effects of pH and acetate on cellulase produced from Bacillus coagulans were studied at various pH 5-8, and acetate concentrations (0-60 mmol/L). A batch kinetic model for enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis was constructed from experimental data and performed. The base hypothesis was as follows: the rates of enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis rely on pH and acetate concentration. The results showed that the suitable pH range for cellulase production and cellulose hydrolysis (represents efficiency of cellulase) was 2.6-7.5, and 5.3-8.3, respectively. Moreover, acetate in the culture medium had an effect on cellulase production (K1= 49.50 mmol/L, n=1.7) less than cellulose hydrolysis (K1=37.85 mmol/L, n=2.0). The results indicated that both the pH of suspension and acidogenic products influence the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose in an anaerobic environment. To enhance the cellulose hydrolysis rate, the accumulated acetate concentration should be lower than 25 mmol/L, and pH should be maintained at 7. 相似文献
8.
用丙酮作溶剂将三油酸甘油酯分散到醋酸纤维(CA)基体中,采用悬浮聚合的方法制备出了一种兼具亲水性,又能高倍富集持久性有机污染物的球形复合吸附剂。通过对分散剂的种类及其用量、悬浮介质的种类及其用量的研究,获得了球形复合吸附剂的最佳合成路线与工艺.球形吸附剂粒径为1~2mm。通过荧光分析和电镜扫描分析,表明三油酸甘油酯已被包埋到醋酸纤维基体中,并得到了均匀分散。采用七氯、狄氏剂、异狄氏剂、灭蚁灵为代表性的持久性有机污染物(POPs)。动力学吸附实验表明,当初始浓度为1μg/L时,在快速吸附阶段,溶液中80%的氯、狄氏剂、异狄氏剂可得到有效去除,但并没有达到吸附平衡。快速吸附完后,还在持续地进行慢速吸附。而对于灭蚁灵,吸附速度远远低于其他几种POPs。实验证明了吸附速度不仅与辛醇/水系数有关,而且还与有机污染物的分子结构有关。 相似文献
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