滇池鲤鱼的背景元素调查

通过滇池鲤鱼与松花坝水库和国内外同类鲤鱼的元素含量对比,确认滇池鲤鱼受工业污水的危害影响主要是As、Se。鱼体As、Se含量目前已经超过正常值,Ni、Cr、Cu、Fe、Pb比正常值偏低,其它元素属正常值范围。为了避免过多的元素富集,建议滇池鲤鱼以半年到一年为生长捕捞期为宜。     

微生物菌剂对堆肥功能微生物重构的影响

堆肥产品不仅可以作为有机肥或土壤改良剂,还可以在包气带土层防护地下水污染的过程中起到微生物载体的作用.在堆肥中接种菌剂能够加速堆肥进程,促进堆肥材料的腐熟,但是也有研究认为接种剂与堆肥土著微生物的竞争会导致菌剂无法发挥作用.为了阐明菌剂与土著微生物之间的相互作用,采用宏蛋白质组学方法,分析餐厨垃圾堆肥接菌组（木质纤维素混合菌剂）和对照组（未接菌）中功能微生物群落和碳水化合物代谢途径的变化.结果表明:接菌组中假单胞菌目（Pseudomonadales）和散囊菌纲（Eurotiomycetes）菌群的相对丰度比对照组分别提高了12.5%和22.0%,成为优势细菌和真菌,二者在碳水化合物代谢活性上也成为优势菌群.菌剂主要是由芽孢杆菌目（Bacillales）和散囊菌纲的曲霉（Aspergillus）组成,曲霉因具有堆肥系统所需的木质纤维素分解能力而成为优势真菌,而菌剂中的芽孢杆菌虽然数量较多,但是缺乏堆肥系统所需的功能而无法成为优势细菌.餐厨垃圾中易降解物质分解过程中产生的有机酸会导致酸性环境,对照组中能够适应酸性环境的芽孢杆菌目和酵母菌纲（Saccharomycetes）是优势群落,添加菌剂后,堆肥系统中土著的假单胞菌目和散囊菌纲具有较高的碳水化合物代谢活性和多种有机酸转化通路,因此在与菌剂中的芽孢杆菌目和土著的芽孢杆菌及酵母菌的竞争中成为优势菌群.研究显示,外源菌剂与土著微生物之间以及各土著微生物之间都会发生竞争作用,能否成为优势菌群取决于是否适应堆肥底物新陈代谢的变化,因此只要选择好菌剂的功能和接种时机,菌剂就能够发挥原有的作用.      

A metal-OH group modification strategy to prepare highly-hydrophobic MIL-53-Al for efficient acetone capture under humid conditions

A series of highly-hydrophobic MIL-53-Al (MIL = Materials of Institut Lavoisier) frameworks synthesized via decoration of the Al-OH groups by alkyl phosphonic acid were developed as adsorbents for removing acetone from humid gas streams. The newly prepared materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), N₂ adsorption-desorption and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Their adsorption behaviors toward acetone vapor under dry and wet conditions were studied subsequently. Results showed that alkyl phosphonic acid was successfully grafted into MIL-53-Al skeleton through coordinating interaction with Al³⁺ generating [email protected]_x (x = 12, 14, 18). The [email protected]_x exhibited similar crystal structure and thermal stability to parent MIL-53-Al. Furthermore, the modified materials showed significantly enhanced hydrophobicity. The water vapor uptake of [email protected]₁₄ decreased by 72.55% at 75% relative humidity (RH). Dynamic adsorption experiments demonstrated that water vapor had almost no effect on the acetone adsorption performance of [email protected]₁₄. Under the condition of 90% RH, the acetone adsorption capacity of [email protected]₁₄ was 102.98% higher than that of MIL-53-Al. Notably, [email protected]₁₄ presented excellent adsorption reversibility and regeneration performance in 10 adsorption-desorption cycles. Taken together, the strategy of metal-OH group modification is an attractive way to improve the acetone adsorption performance over metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) under humid conditions. Besides, [email protected]₁₄ would be deemed as a promising candidate for capturing acetone in high moisture environment.     

凡口铅锌矿床地球化学特征及成矿作用分析

凡口铅锌矿床是发育于碳酸盐岩建造中的海底热泉喷溢沉积矿床,以“一大二富三集中”的特点和典型的地质地球化学特征吸引着中外矿床地质工作者。常量元素和矿化元素的分布、矿物包裹体特征、稀土元素组成和硫同位素组成反映出该矿床与外生作用有关。铅同位素组成具有壳源和下地壳来源铅的特征,矿物包裹体水氢、氧同位素组成表明,成矿溶液可能与深层建造水有关,后期与大气降水有关。矿区主要矿层经历海底热泉喷溢沉积-成岩的演化。     

上海设施蔬菜主要品种污染物含量调查评估

通过对上海郊区单栋大棚、连栋大棚和现代化智能温室生产的叶菜类和茄果类设施蔬菜的主要品种污染物（农药和硝酸盐）含量抽样调查，并以附近大田蔬菜作为对照，分析结果发现，上海郊区设施蔬菜农药和硝酸盐的污染物含量普遍高于大地蔬菜，且超标状况比较严重。究其因，设施蔬菜生产较常规大田蔬菜生产农药与化肥使用水平高，而且在封闭环境条件下污染物降解速度慢，容易残留或积累超标。     

中扬子台地北缘灯影组碳酸盐岩成岩作用序列及成岩模式

研究区主要的成岩作用类型有胶结、溶解、硅化、白云石化、压实-压溶和去白云石化作用等，详细研究了每种成岩作用的矿物岩石学特征及对孔隙形成、演化的影响。把研究区成岩环境划分为大气淡水成岩环境、海水成岩环境、混合水成岩环境、埋藏成岩环境和晚期表生成岩环境五大类．总结了每种成岩环境的成岩组构特征、成岩标志、δ18O和δC及微量元素Na+、Sr2+的分布规律。此外，还探讨了深水斜坡相粉-细晶白云岩和台地浅滩相颗粒白云岩的成岩演化序列与孔隙演化，最后概括出了研究区碳酸盐岩的成岩作用模式。     

Purification and reclamation of wastewater by an integrated biological pond system

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泾县地震台地磁FHD仪器房建设几点体会

地磁数字化观测室是要求很高的永久性用房,对建筑物磁性水平有严格的规定,在建设中必须把握好每一个细节,建筑物才能满足仪器工作的磁性环境要求.本文结合FHD探头房建设工作中遇到的问题,介绍了在磁性检测工作中的一些经验,有借鉴意义.     

The epidemic characteristics of Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) in different eco-environments

Epidemiological survey of 573 families, clinical examination of 2593 persons, and X-ray examination of 1136 persons (in 16 typical endemic villages) were conducted, based on the classification of endemiology for KBD disease areas, i.e, mountain type, loess plateau type, plateau type, and flatlands type. It was revealed that the KBD disease areas exhibited the regular pattern of corming-into-being, development and passing-away and the characteristics of growth and decline. Further, it was found clinically that the disease areas may be divided into 4 types, i.e., recent onset, developing, stable, and historical. This division is simple and easy, practical, scientific, and reliable and can be applied by medical personnel at different levels.     

安钢高炉出铁场除尘工程实践

六号高炉炉前出铁场工程是一项工业污染治理项目，该项目结合安钢实际，利用较少的投资，解决了多年困扰炼铁厂的炉前烟尘污染的问题，该技术结合目前国内中小高炉出铁场综合治理的经验，提出了顶吸加侧吸的综合捕集方式，极大地改善了出铁场的烟尘污染状况，同时回收的粉尘又有极高的利用价值，取得了一定的经济效益。