Binding affinity of proanthocyanidin from waste Pinus radiata bark onto proline-rich bovine achilles tendon collagen type I

Binding affinity of proanthocyanidin (PA) purified from Pinus radiata bark waste onto bovine Achilles tendon collagen (type I) was studied. Adsorption of PA onto the collagen was optimized by examining pH, contact time and temperature. The adsorption was pH-dependent. The maximum adsorption capacity (Q(0)) of PA on collagen was found to be 211 mg g(-1) using the Langmuir isotherm. Comparison between two adsorbents also showed that collagen had higher adsorptivity of approximately 20% more than PVPP (polyvinyl polypyrrolidone). The high affinity between PA and collagen was further confirmed in solvent solubility experiments. The observed solvent resistance was thought to be mainly due to a hydrophobic stacking mechanism reinforced by hydrogen bonding. FT-IR spectra clearly indicated the presence of PA adsorbed on collagen. The results have interesting implications that PA can be a good protective agent for collagen against collagenase and other enzymes.     

Spatial distribution of trace elements in surface sediments of Hooghly (Ganges) river estuary in West Bengal,India

The spatial distribution of trace elements in surface sediments of the Hooghly estuary was studied over the monsoons in 2014–2017. As, Cd, Ni, Pb and U were two- to sixteen-fold the crust means with increasing levels toward the estuary, with Ni peak during the post-monsoon. Pearson’s correlation matrix, cluster analysis, enrichment factors and pollution index revealed the anthropic source and association of trace elements with Fe, Mn and Al and of Pb with U. Geoaccumulation index revealed for Ni an extremely contaminated situation at the estuary water during monsoon and for Cd a heavily contaminated situation at freshwater location. The potential contamination index was >6; thus, sediments were very severely contaminated by As, Cd and Ni with worst situation for As and Cd at fresh and brackish water and during post-monsoon. The overall ecological risk was severe, 300≤RI<600 at all sites and seasons, especially after the monsoon, at fluvial and brackish locations.

     

Isolation,identification, Pb(Ⅱ) biosorption isotherms and kinetics of a lead adsorbing Penicillium sp. MRF-1 from South Korean mine soil

A heavy metal contaminated soil sample collected from a mine in Chonnam Province of South Korea was found to be a source of heavy metal adsorbing biosorbents. Chemical analyses showed high contents of lead (Pb) at 357 mg/kg and cyanide (CN) at 14.6 mg/kg in the soil. The experimental results showed that Penicillium sp. MRF-1 was the best lead resistant fungus among the four individual metal tolerant fungal species isolated from the soil. Molecular characterization of Penicillium sp. MRF-1 was determined using ITS regions sequences. E ects of pH, temperature and contact time on adsorption of Pb(II) by Penicillium sp. MRF-1 were studied. Favorable conditions for maximum biosportion were found at pH 4 with 3 hr contact time. Biosorption of Pb(II) gradually increased with increasing temperature. E cient performance of the biosorbent was described using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Adsorption kinetics was studied using pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order models. Biosorbent Penicillium sp. MRF-1 showed the maximum desorption in alkali conditions. Consistent adsorption/desorption potential of the biosorbent in repetitive cycles validated the e cacy of it in large scale. SEM studies given notes on surface modification of fungal biomass under metal stress and FT-IR results showed the presence of amino groups in the surface structure of the biosorbent. In conclusion, the new biosorbent Penicillium sp. MRF-1 may potentially be used as an inexpensive, easily cultivatable material for the removal of lead from aqueous solution.     

Organic micro-pollutant removal in liquid-phase using carbonized silk cotton hull

Phenolic compounds constitute one of the major pollutants in the modern world. Although many physical and chemical treatment technologies for their removal exist, most of them are economically not feasible. The present study was aimed at using silk cotton hull, a potent agricultural waste as an adsobent for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), which was used as a model phenolic compound. The process parameters were investigated and optimized conditions were determined. The equilibrium time was found to ...     

Inferring pollution records in sediment cores from transitional environments of Marquelia coast,Guerrero, Mexico

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The vertical distribution pattern and concentrations of elements (Fe, Al, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, Zn, and As) in the estuarine and lagoon...     

Sorption of Cr(VI) from dilute solutions and wastewater by live and pretreated biomass of Aspergillus flavus

Sorption of Cr(VI) was carried out from dilute solutions using live and pretreated biomass in a batch mode. Effects of agitation time, adsorbent dosage and pH were examined. The autoclaved biomass that showed maximum adsorption capacity (Q(0)=0.335 mg g(-1)) was used as an adsorbent in column studies. The optimized flow rate of 2.5 ml min(-1) and bed height 10 cm were used to determine the effect of metal ion concentration on removal of Cr(VI). Applying the BDST model to calculate the adsorption capacity (N(0)) of column, which showed 4.56 x 10(-5), 7.28 x 10(-5), 6.89 x 10(-5), 3.07 x 10(-5), 2.80 x 10(-5)mg g(-1) for 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 mg dm(-3) of Cr(VI), respectively. Batch sorption proved to be more efficient than the column sorption and hence batch sorption was used to remove Cr(VI) from a textile dyeing industry wastewater. The phytotoxic effect of treated and untreated wastewater was studied against Zea mays. Toxicity was reduced by 50% in the treated effluent.     

Isolation of limonoid compound (Hamisonine) from endophytic fungi Penicillium oxalicum LA-1 (KX622790) of Limonia acidissima L. for its larvicidal efficacy against LF vector,Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Upon screening for novel and potential biocompounds with larvicidal activities, we successfully isolated hamisonine (HMSN) a limonoid compound from...