不同因素对人工湿地基质脱氮除磷效果的影响

在人工配制的污水中投入一定量的基质,不同条件下振荡培养,评价沸石、炉渣和陶瓷滤料3种基质在不同因素影响下对氨氮(NH4+-N)和总磷(TP)的吸附能力。结果表明,不同吸附时间时,沸石对NH4+-N的吸附效果最好,陶瓷滤料对TP的吸附效果最好;进水浓度对沸石吸附NH4+-N的影响较大,其吸附量随进水浓度的增大而增大,进水浓度对炉渣和陶瓷滤料吸附NH4+-N及炉渣吸附TP影响不大;3种基质对NH4+-N和TP的吸附量均是随吸附剂量的增加而降低,要达到较好的去污效果,应根据实验结果考虑基质投入量;pH值对沸石吸附NH4+-N影响显著,pH值6～7范围内吸附效果最好,pH值8～12的碱性条件有利于基质对TP的吸附。     

化学还原法回收含银电镀废液中的银

以Na2S2O4为还原剂,采用化学还原法回收某电镀厂含银电镀废液中的银。实验结果表明,在n(Na2S2O4)∶n(Ag+)=2.5、反应温度35℃、废水pH7.5、搅拌速率300r/min的条件下,Ag+回收率达到99.92%。对回收的银粉进行X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜分析,分析结果表明回收的银粉纯度较高,成球形。     

基于SIL评估的LNG加气站安全仪表系统问题分析及改进建议*

为分析LNG加气站安全仪表系统的功能完备性与可靠性,以3座典型的三级LNG加气站为研究对象,全面开展安全仪表功能辨识、安全完整性等级（SIL）定级与验证,进而提出针对性的改进建议。结果表明:3座LNG加气站的安全仪表系统均存在功能不完备、设备组件缺少失效数据的问题;为满足风险控制要求,三级LNG加气站需设置15个安全仪表功能,其中1个应达到SIL2等级,14个应达到SIL1等级;LNG加气站的安全仪表系统应选用获得功能安全认证的设备组件,并在设计阶段开展SIL评估工作。研究结果可为今后LNG加气站安全仪表系统的设计与管理提供重要参考。     

生物脱硫中细菌的载体培养条件优化与动力学研究

选用氧化亚铁硫杆菌作为烟气脱硫的主要菌种在活性炭载体上进行固定化培养,研究了不同培养条件下氧化亚铁硫杆菌的生长过程,考察了细菌在载体中培养时接种量、载体投加量对细菌生长的动力学过程的影响,同时通过计算机拟合,确定了各个条件下的细菌生长动力学参数．从而确定了培养的优化条件。     

区域环境中多环芳烃的皮肤接触暴露水平

通过实例介绍污染物-皮肤接触暴露的量化方法.选择了多环芳烃污染较严重的天津市,计算了该地区人群通过2种主要皮肤接触途径(皮肤-降尘接触和皮肤-洗浴水接触)对区域环境中16种PAH化合物(PAH16)的皮肤接触暴露与健康风险.儿童、青少年和成人三个亚群对PAH16的日均皮肤接触暴露量分别为3.41×10-2、2.68×10-2、1.95×10-2μg.kg-.1d-1.终生加权暴露量为2.20×10-2μg.kg-1.d-1.不确定性分析的结果表明,至少50%人群对PAH16暴露量在2.00×10-2—4.00×10-2μ.gkg-.1d-1范围内,暴露量极高和极低的人都很少.在16种化合物中,皮肤接触暴露优势化合物是Phe,F la,Pyr,Bap和Baa.皮肤途径终生加权暴露对总暴露量的贡献很低(1.06%),换算为BaP等效浓度(BaPeq)后则增加到6.00%.人群由于PAH16皮肤接触暴露所导致的平均致癌风险为8.1×10-7a-1,并未超出最大可接受风险1×10-5a-1.     

Strategic Study on Integration of Port and City Development in Rizhao

Abstract

Agglomeration of the Yangtze Delta (UAYD), one of the most developed regions of China, has witnessed an increasing prevalence in building ecological cities when the ecological cities are pursued by many modern cities, and great achievements have been made in this regard. It is inevitable, however, that certain problems exist during the construction of ecological city, which include but not limited to non-harmonious development of urban complex ecosystem, and the difficulty in quantifying eco-city construction or incomplete quantification in assessing the construction of present and future eco-city. Based on the analysis on social-economic conditions and regional conditions of the UAYD, this paper attempts to set up an index system of eco-cities combining with local characteristics, and to adopt the indices of eco-city, urban harmony, and eco-city colligate to evaluate the ecological level, urban harmonious development and eco-city construction of cities within the UAYD. Results indicate that among 15 cities in UAYD, Suzhou City ranks the highest in terms of eco-city construction, whereas Nantong ranks relatively lower; sustainable eco-city construction is possible only when cities are developed in every respect of harmony.     

首钢大石河铁矿采用“内循环方式”回收尾矿金属

针对当前黑色治金矿山企业选矿生产尾矿品位上升、金属流失严重问题,阐述了利用原有设备实施工艺改造,探索采用“内循环方式”回收尾矿金属,以降低尾矿品位,提高经济效益,节约矿石资源。     

Removal of tetracyclines,sulfonamides, and quinolones by industrial-scale composting and anaerobic digestion processes

This study evaluated and compared the removal of antibiotics by industrial-scale composting and anaerobic digestion at different seasons. Twenty compounds belonged to three classes of widely used veterinary antibiotics (i.e., tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and quinolones) were investigated. Results show that of the three groups of antibiotics, tetracyclines were dominant in swine feces and poorly removed by anaerobic digestion with significant accumulation in biosolids, particularly in winter. Compared to that in winter, a much more effective removal (>?97%) by anaerobic digestion was observed for sulfonamides in summer. By contrast, quinolones were the least abundant antibiotics in swine feces and exhibited a higher removal by anaerobic digestion in winter than in summer. The overall removal of antibiotics by aerobic composting could be more than 90% in either winter or summer. Nevertheless, compost products from livestock farms in Beijing contained much higher antibiotics than commercial organic fertilizers. Thus, industrial composting standards should be strictly applied to livestock farms to further remove antibiotics and produce high quality organic fertilizer.     

典型区域农业土壤中多环芳烃相关性分析研究

对某大型钢铁集团周边农业土壤中15种多环芳烃(PAHs)各组分间及其与总量间的相关性、与有机氯农药(OCPs)的相关性进行统计分析.结果表明,除萘(Nap)外,其他14种组分间及其与总量间的相关性极显著;δ-六六六(δ-HCH)与除Nap和二苯并[a,h]蒽(Daa)外的大部分PAHs组分呈极显著相关关系;p,p'-滴滴滴(p,p'-DDD)与大多数PAHs组分相关性极显著.     

Zn2+ loading as a critical contributor to the circ_0008553-mediated oxidative stress and inflammation in response to PM2.5 exposures

Inflammation is a major adverse outcome induced by inhaled particulate matter with a diameter of ≤ 2.5 µm (PM_2.5), and a critical trigger of most PM_2.5 exposure-associated diseases. However, the key molecular events regulating the PM_2.5-induced airway inflammation are yet to be elucidated. Considering the critical role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in regulating inflammation, we predicted 11 circRNAs that may be involved in the PM_2.5-induced airway inflammation using three previously reported miRNAs through the starBase website. A novel circRNA circ_0008553 was identified to be responsible for the PM_2.5-activated inflammatory response in human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) via inducing oxidative stress. Using a combinatorial model PM_2.5 library, we found that the synergistic effect of the insoluble core and loaded Zn²⁺ ions at environmentally relevant concentrations was the major contributor to the upregulation of circ_0008553 and subsequent induction of oxidative stress and inflammation in response to PM_2.5 exposures. Our findings provided new insight into the intervention of PM_2.5-induced adverse outcomes.