热带海洋环境中BHC和DDT的行为特征研究Ⅰ.中国珠江口区旱季BHC和DDT的含量与分布

本文于1994年11月用气相色谱法研究了旱季珠江口区环境中BHC和DDT的含量与分布。结果表明，表层海水BHC含量为0.187μg/L，DDT为0.080μｇ/L；底层海水BHC为0.117μｇ／L，DDT为0.506μｇ／L。沉积物BHC为11.15×10－9（干），DDT为33.46×10－9（干）。海水中的盐度、DO、C     

Mercury distribution in seawater discharged from a coal-fired power plant equipped with a seawater flue gas desulfurization system

Background and purpose  

More and more coal-fired power plants equipped with seawater flue gas desulfurization systems have been built in coastal areas. They release large amount of mercury (Hg)-containing waste seawater into the adjacent seas. However, very limited impact studies have been carried out. Our research targeted the distribution of Hg in the seawater, sediment, biota, and atmosphere, and its environmental transportation.     

纳米零价铁和零价铁对餐厨垃圾暗发酵制氢过程铁离子和酶活性的影响

通过投加不同浓度的纳米零价铁(NZVI)和零价铁(ZVI),考察了暗发酵制氢过程中铁离子组成和浓度变化、氢化酶和脱氢酶活性,研究了2种添加剂强化餐厨垃圾高温((55±1)℃)暗发酵制氢的作用机制。结果表明:投加NZVI和ZVI均可提高餐厨垃圾暗发酵制氢性能;当投加100 mg·L~(-1) ZVI时,产氢效果最佳,最大产氢潜力和最大产氢速率分别为425.72 mL和66.32 mL·h~(-1),是投加NZVI实验组的1.64倍和1.34倍,代谢途径是以乙醇型发酵为主的混合型发酵;在投加NZVI和ZVI后,暗发酵制氢末端产物的Fe~(2+)和Fe~(3+)浓度升高,投加300 mg·L~(-1)NZVI和100 mg·L~(-1) ZVI实验组Fe2+浓度最大,是未投加实验组的2倍和1.87倍;与反应前相比,Fe~(2+)显著升高,Fe~(3+)由于微生物利用与转化浓度降低,同时可有效提高氢化酶活性。投加100 mg·L~(-1) ZVI不仅可提高氢化酶活性,还可提高脱氢酶活性。以上结果可为提高餐厨垃圾等复杂有机废物的高效能源化提供参考。     

龙口褐煤对Ni^2＋,Mn^2＋,Hg^2＋等重金属离子的吸附特性

本文以龙口褐煤作吸附剂,对重金属离子Ｎｉ＾２,Ｍｎ＾２＋,Ｈｇ＾２＋的单组分水溶液进行吸附研究,探讨了吸附剂的吸附性能,影响吸附的因素和吸附机理。结果表明：褐煤对Ｎｉ＾２＋,Ｍｎ＾２＋,Ｈｇ＾２＋的吸附均表现出Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ特征,ＰＨ值是影响吸附的一个重要因素。     

不同氮磷比条件下绿球藻对猪场污水的净化效率

采用添加NaH_2PO_4的方法调节猪场污水中氮磷比(N∶P)分别为8∶1、16∶1、32∶1和64∶1,以未添加NaH_2PO_4的污水为对照(氮磷比为532∶1),探讨一株耐污绿球藻(Chlorococcum sp.)在不同氮磷比污水中的生长性能及其对猪场污水(初始氨氮浓度为291.31 mg·L~(-1))的净化效果.结果表明:经过12 d的培养,绿球藻(接种密度为400×104cells·m L~(-1))在N∶P为64∶1的污水中生长最好,且对污水中氨态氮和总氮的去除效果最佳,细胞密度和生物量分别为3393×104cells·m L~(-1)和0.49 g·L~(-1),对氨态氮和总氮的去除率分别为74.94%和48.78%,显著高于对照组,氨态氮浓度降低到73.01 mg·L~(-1),总氮浓度降低到148.96 mg·L~(-1).培养期间各试验组污水中硝态氮浓度均升高.培养12 d后,N∶P为64∶1组污水中总磷浓度降低为3.07 mg·L~(-1),去除率为71.86%.综上,绿球藻在N∶P为64∶1的污水中生长性能及其对污水中氨态氮和总氮的去除效果均最佳,可使污水中的氨态氮和总磷浓度基本达到相关排放标准.     

N,P-codoped carbon quantum dots-decorated TiO2 nanowires as nanosized heterojunction photocatalyst with improved photocatalytic performance for methyl blue degradation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - N,P-doped carbon quantum dots (N,P-CQDs) are deemed as a promising candidate to environmentally friendly materials owing to the inexpensive,...     

Electrochemical reduction characteristics and the mechanism of chlorinated hydrocarbons at the copper electrode

The electrochemical reduction characteristics of chlorinated hydrocarbons were investigated by cyclic voltammetry technique. The reduction mechanism and activity of the chlorinated hydrocarbons at the copper electrode were explored. The relationship between the structure of chlorinated hydrocarbons and their reductive activity were discussed. The experimental results showed that chlorinated alkanes and a portion of chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons could be reduced directly at the copper electrode. However, chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons were not easy to reduce at the copper electrode. The results provided a theoretical basis for the catalyzed iron inner electrolysis method. Translated from Environmental Science, 2005, 26(4): 51–54 [译自: 环境科学]     

川西高原积雪稳定性分布格局及其驱动因子分析

在气候变暖的背景下,川西高原积雪出现剧烈变化,对地区水循环过程、生态系统以及社会经济带来严重影响。基于MODIS积雪遥感数据以及环境因子数据,通过构建稳定度指标及最大熵模型探讨川西高原不同稳定性积雪的空间分布格局及其驱动因子,并对不同稳定性积雪的适宜分布区进行分析,结果表明：（1）川西高原大多数地区的积雪属于高度不稳定性积雪,其他稳定性积雪在川西高原分布面积较小;（2）川西高原积雪在海拔越高的地方稳定性越好;（3）不同稳定性积雪分布格局的影响因素存在差异,海拔和降水是影响稳定性积雪分布格局的主要因素。     

硝化褐煤对铬离子溶液的吸附研究

利用硝酸与龙口褐煤反应制得硝化褐煤，使其有效吸附质腐植酸含量提高。用该湖化褐煤对铬离子进行吸附试验，研究吸附剂的吸附量、吸附动力学、吸附模型和溶液的pH值对吸附的影响。结果表明：硝化褐煤对铬离子具有良好的吸附特性，其静态等温吸附符合Langmuir等温议程。     

Electrochemical reduction characteristics and the mechanism of chlorinated hydrocarbons at the copper electrode

The electrochemical reduction characteristics of chlorinated hydrocarbons were investigated by cyclic voltammetry technique. The reduction mechanism and activity of the chlorinated hydrocarbons at the copper electrode were explored. The relationship between the structure of chlorinated hydrocarbons and their reductive activity were discussed. The experimental results showed that chlorinated alkanes and a portion of chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons could be reduced directly at the copper electrode. However, chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons were not easy to reduce at the copper electrode. The results provided a theoretical basis for the catalyzed iron inner electrolysis method.