重点企业第三方环境管理核查模式初探及成效分析研究——以天津某区域为例

环境保护既处于大有作为的重要战略机遇期,又处于负重前行的关键期,新形势下群众对环保的期待不断提高,环境形势愈发严峻,环境监管压力加大,分析了新形势下开展环境管理第三方核查的必要性,介绍了政府购买服务及企业自主委托等两种现阶段可行的核查方式。总结归纳了第三方环境管理核查的重点内容,并以天津某典型区域为例,介绍了第三方环保核查的成效,分析了企业存在的典型突出环保问题及整改措施,并从区域环境保护管理的角度提出了建议。     

MERCURY EMISSION INVENTORY IN ONTARIO

Mercury is released to the environment from various anthropogenic and natural sources. This work is a compilation of mercury emissions from anthropogenic sources in Ontario, Canada. The goal of our study was to identify all sources of mercury, and develop an emission inventory of anthropogenic mercury in Ontario. The result of our investigation revealed that combustion of fossil fuels and emissions from landfill sites are two primary sources of mercury to the atmosphere. Other sources of significance are emissions from waste incinerators, various industrial activities, and cement production. Total mercury emission in Ontario is estimated as 4100 kg per year.     

环烷酸脱油工艺的实验研究

以锦州化工二厂生产的２＃环烷酸为原料，采用减压蒸馏──初馏分皂化萃取脱油工艺，可制得中性油含量分别低于１０％和５％的一级品环烷酸．该工艺具有流程简单、物料消耗少、产品收率高等优点．通过实验，初步探讨了蒸馏真空度、氢氧化钠浓度及用量、乙醇用量、萃取剂用量等工艺条件对脱油效果及产品质量的影响。     

SO2污染对小鼠骨髓细胞微核的诱发作用

在SO2吸入慢性染毒条件下,小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞（PCE）的微核细胞率与微核率均显著增加,且雌雄差异显著。结果也表明,SO2对阳性致突变剂乌拉坦航发微核的作用有显著抑制效应。本研究模拟SO2空气污染,从整体水平直接证实了SO2是哺乳类细胞染色体断裂剂、SO2与阳性致突变剂的联合作用是复杂的结论。     

以运行费用函数为基础制定超标污水收费标准

根据现行的上海市和国家的超标污水征收标准的特点，提出制定新标准的５项原则。新标准的制定方案中，确定以ｙ＝ａ．ｘ＾β费用函数基础；用数理统计等方法，通过对污染排放标准，处理深度和处理费用３者关系的处理，得出二类污染物中，１级收费标准比现行２级收费标准上升３０％、２级收费采用现行标准、３级收费标准比现行标准下降２０－３０％；并提出污染物收费的计算公式，经对方案的论证和测算，说明其有效好的可行性。     

Enhanced production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) by filamentation-suppressed recombinantEscherichia coli in a defined medium

Fed-batch cultures of recombinantEscherichia coli strains were carried out for the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) (PHB) in a chemically defined medium. TheE. coli strains used were XL1-Blue, harboring pSYL105, a stable high-copy number plasmid containing theAlcaligenes eutrophus polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) genes, and XL1-Blue, harboring pSYL107, which is pSYL105 containing theE. coli ftsZ gene to suppress filamentation. With XL1-Blue(pSYL105) the final cell mass and PHB concentration obtained in 62 h were 102 and 22.5 g/L, respectively. Fed-batch culture of XL1-Blue(pSYL107) under identical conditions resulted in a final cell mass and PHB concentration of 127.5 and 48.2 g/L, respectively. The PHB contents obtained with XL1-Blue(pSYL105) and XL1-Blue(pSYL107) were 22.1 and 37.8%, respectively. Therefore, PHB was more efficiently produced in a defined medium by employing filamentation-suppressed recombinantE. coli.     

Development and Testing of 2D Finite Difference Model in Open Channels

This study develops a depth-averaged two-dimensional (2D) numerical model using a finite difference method (FDM) on a staggered grid. The governing equations were solved using the Marker and Cell method that was developed at the Los Alamos laboratories by Harlow and Welch in 1965. In the paper, an explicit FDM was used to solve the governing equations. A first-order approximation was used for the temporal derivative. Second-order central difference approximations were used for space discretization. The time step is limited by the Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy (CFL) condition. The time step used in this study depends on the grid spacing and velocity components in the x- and y-directions. The study is divided into two steps: the first step is to develop a depth-averaged 2D numerical model to simulate the flow process. The second constructs a module to calculate the bed load transport and simulate the river morphology in the areas that have steep slopes, torrents, and mountain rivers. Developed model was applied to the artificial channel and a flood event in the Asungjun River section of the mountainous Yangyang Namdae River (South Korea). General simulation results showed that the developed model was in good agreement with the observed data.     

The tree species matters: Biodiversity and ecosystem service implications of replacing Scots pine production stands with Norway spruce

Ambio - The choice of tree species used in production forests matters for biodiversity and ecosystem services. In Sweden, damage to young production forests by large browsing herbivores is helping...     

A study on the reaction characteristics of vanadium-impregnated natural manganese oxide in ammonia selective catalytic reduction

This study investigated the effect of adding vanadium (V) to natural manganese oxide (NMO) in ammonia (NH3) selective catalytic reduction (SCR). The addition of V to NMO decreased the catalytic activity at low temperatures by blocking the active site. However, the enhancement of catalytic activity was achieved by controlling NH3 oxidation at high temperatures. From the NH3 temperature programmed desorption and oxygen on/off test, it was confirmed that the amount of Lewis acid site and active lattice oxygen of the catalyst affects the catalytic performance at low temperature.     

Congener-specific accumulation and environmental risk assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in diverse Korean sewage sludge types

Industrial, domestic wastewater, and livestock sludge samples were collected from 23 wastewater treatment plants in Korea and analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The concentrations of Σ₁₉PBDE ranged from 4.01 to 10,400 ng/g dry weight. The average Σ₁₉PBDE concentrations in industrial, domestic wastewater, and livestock sludge were 1,560?±?3,610, 402?±?148, and 27.6?±?50.4 ng/g dry weight, respectively. The composition of PBDEs differed according to the type of sludge. Among the PBDE congeners, BDE 209 was dominant in all sludge samples. After BDE 209, relatively high levels were found for BDE 28 and 47 from industrial sludge, BDE 47 and 99 from domestic wastewater sludge, and BDE 206, 207, and 208 from livestock sludge. Using hierarchical cluster analysis, sludges were divided into three groups according to PBDE congener composition. A risk assessment of PBDEs in sludge used for soil amendment was carried out. Preliminary results indicated that the potential risk of soil exposed to PBDEs in sludge was relatively low.