辣椒倍半萜环化酶基因在几种非生物诱发因子作用下的表达

报道了在CuCl2,HgCl2及NaCl、紫外线等几种诱发因子作用下辣椒倍半萜环化酶活性表达，并利用从辣椒中克隆出来的2个倍半萜环化酶等位基因cDNA的特异性片段，研究这两个等位基因在上述诱发因子作用下的表达情况，结果表明：在CuCl2,HgCl2,NaCl2、紫外线诱发作用下，离体辣椒叶片均能表现一定的倍半萜环化酶活性，而CK中几乎检测不出倍半萜环化酶活性，Northern Blot分析表明，辣椒倍半萜环化酶基因在逆境下被诱转导，两个cDNA在不同的诱发因子在相同的逆境胁迫下的表达有一定的特异性，推测该基因家族的不同成员在辣椒适应不同逆境的防御反应中有一定的意义，图5参6。     

植物次生代谢:功能、调控及其基因工程

植物次生代谢物具有多种重要的生物学功能 ,在工农业生产和人们日常生活中具有广阔的应用前景 .随着可持续农业的发展 ,植物次生代谢物的化学生态学功能及其对农产品品质的影响倍受关注 .植物次生代谢调控的生物化学、分子生物学和基因工程已成了当今国际生物界十分活跃的前沿研究领域 .本文仅就植物次生代谢物功能、代谢调控及基因工程研究进行简要的概述 .1　植物次生代谢物的功能1.1　植物次生代谢物的化学生态学功能植物次生代谢物按其合成方式可分为组成型和诱导型两种类型 ,它们在植物与植物、植物与微生物及植物与昆虫之间的关系中行…     

Synthesis of a novel illite@carbon nanocomposite adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater

A novel illite@carbon (I@C) nanocomposite adsorbent has been synthesized via a facile hydrothermal carbonization process (HTC) using glucose as carbonaceous source and illite as the carrier. The morphology, microstructure and surface properties of the prepared nanocomposite adsorbent were analyzed by FESEM, TGA, XRD, FT-IR and Zeta potential measurements. Batch experiments were carried out on the adsorption of Cr(VI) to determine the adsorption properties of the composite. The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto the I@C nanocomposite was well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm. Compared with the illite and carbon material (SC) separately, the prepared I@C nanocomposite adsorbent exhibited enhanced adsorption performance for Cr(VI) with a maximum adsorption capacity of 149.25 mg/g, which was higher than that of most reported adsorbents. In addition, the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic based on the adsorption thermodynamics study. The adsorption of Cr(VI) by I@C was highly pH-dependent and the optimum adsorption occurred at pH 2.0. The Zeta potential analysis results indicated that the electrostatic interactions between anionic Cr(VI) and the positively charged surface of the adsorbent might be critical to the adsorption mechanism. This study demonstrated that the I@C nanocomposite should be a promising candidate for a low-cost, environmental friendly and highly efficient adsorbent for the removal of toxic Cr(VI) from wastewater.     

溶胶凝胶法制备铜系催化剂及其稳定性研究

利用溶胶凝胶法制备超细催化湿式氧化铜系催化剂,考察了制备过程中各个工艺参数对铜系催化剂稳定性的影响,重点考察了不同分子量聚丙烯酸络合剂对催化剂稳定性及粒径的影响,应用BET以及SEM等技术手段,对催化剂的物相结构、表面孔结构和粒子形貌等进行了研究.结果表明,该催化剂对处理焦化废水具有优良的反应活性,且金属离子溶出量低,是一种极具应用前景的高效催化剂.     

GCC盒和JERE盒介导的信号途径在水稻应答逆境中的作用

植物应答逆境的防御反应在很大程度是在基因转录水平调节的,其中转录因子与目标基因启动子上顺式作用元件的识别和结合起着关键的调节作用.本研究将从双子叶植物中发现的GCC盒(应答乙烯)和JERE盒(应答JA和激发子)与CaMV35S核心启动子融合构建成诱导型启动子,利用GUS报告基因构建其表达载体并进行农杆菌介导的水稻遗传转化.利用T1代株系分析了GCC盒和JERE盒水稻植株对不同逆境胁迫和激素处理的应答.结果表明在转基因植株中它们都具有很低的本底表达.稻瘟病侵染、稻纵卷叶螟取食和机械损伤处理可不同程度提高GUS基因的表达.另外,脱落酸(ABA)、水杨酸(SA)和茉莉酸(JA)也能提高GUS的表达.实验结果暗示JERE和GCC盒介导的信号途径在单子叶和双子叶之间有一定的保守性.图5参15     

浅析乡镇建设工程抗震设防监管——江西九江、瑞昌,福建顺昌,云南普洱地震的反思

本文对我国江西九江、福建顺昌和云南普洱等地发生的几起中强地震的震害情况和致灾原因进行了深入分析,指出了在乡镇建设工程抗震设防中存在的严重问题,提出了几点相应的改进措施:提高认识,完善乡镇建设工程管理体制;加强监管,保证乡村建设工程质量;加强村镇建设的抗震设防教育,提高群众地震安全意识;加强服务和指导,提高乡镇工程质量安全水平.     

庐山台风暴雨环境背景与云型特征分析

使用近10年来登陆台风对庐山降水影响的历史资料进行了分析,结果表明:(1)影响庐山降水的台风移动路径主要为中路;其它登陆台风,中心位置低于北纬25°N或高于北纬30°N,对庐山的影响都很小。(2)500 hPa平均场以上和500 hPa平均场以下,天气系统的特定配置易引发庐山台风暴雨。(3)庐山地形对台风降水的增幅作用十分明显。(4)台风影响庐山主要有3种云型:分别表明台风3个不同阶段的云型特征。     

硫酸亚铁结合电化学絮凝处理中水氨氮与总磷的研究

文章分别采用硫酸亚铁絮凝法、电化学法以及硫酸亚铁结合电化学法对中水中低浓度氨氮和总磷的处理效果进行了对比。研究了硫酸亚铁投加量、pH、通电时间和电压对氨氮和总磷去除率的影响。结果表明:采用硫酸亚铁絮凝法,硫酸亚铁投加量为6%,pH为6～7,氨氮去除率为95.45%,总磷去除率92.5%;采用电化学絮凝法,通电时间40 min,通电电压20 V,pH为6～7,中水中氨氮去除率为72.73%,总磷去除率为92.5%;硫酸亚铁结合电化学处理中水,通电电压为20 V,通电时间30 min,硫酸亚铁投加量7%时,中水中氨氮去除率99.09%,总磷去除率92.5%。因为氨直接在阳极失去3个电子被氧化成N2,阳极电解时生成的金属阳离子或其水合物与水中的磷酸盐形成沉淀。而硫酸亚铁通过空轨道吸附铵根中氮的孤对电子后被水解生成的含有Fe3+的羟基络合物絮凝沉淀,Fe2+和Fe3+也都可以与PO43-生成难溶性磷酸盐。     

Can corporate environmental responsibility improve environmental performance? An inter-temporal analysis of Chinese chemical companies

The empirical research on the relationship between corporate environmental responsibility and environmental performance remains in the one-way positive impact and lacks the research on nonlinear relationship between them. Based on the stakeholder theory, this paper selects A-share chemical–listed companies in China from 2006 to 2017 as the research samples and uses generalized method of moments (GMM) model to investigate the impact mechanism between corporate environmental responsibility and environmental performance. The results showed that corporate environmental responsibility positively impacted on environmental performance; however, the impact was not significant. The corporate environmental performance positively and significantly impacted on environmental responsibility. Moreover, results reported that industry competition played a positive regulatory role in corporate environmental responsibility affecting environmental performance and has played a positive role in corporate environmental impact on environmental responsibility. A nonlinear relationship (inverted “U” shape) between environmental responsibility and environmental performance was found. The study results stress to establish a fair and perfect market competition mechanism to improve the environmental performance of chemical industries in China.

     

资本禀赋对生态保护红线区农户人为活动限制受偿意愿的影响

生态补偿是激励生态保护红线区农户主动参与人为活动限制政策,实现生态保护红线区人与自然和谐共生的有效政策工具。为深入了解生态保护红线区农户人为活动限制的受偿意愿,将其决策过程分解成补偿参与意愿和受偿额度两个阶段,基于布迪厄的社会实践理论,构建资本禀赋与受偿意愿的理论分析框架,利用江西省和湖北省4个县(区)生态保护红线区微观调查数据,运用双栏模型实证分析资本禀赋对生态保护红线区农户人为活动限制受偿意愿的影响。研究结果表明:(1)有效的人为活动限制补偿激励应不低于农户的平均受偿意愿,对应调查区域的补偿标准应不低于0.23万元/(户·a);(2)经济资本对人为活动限制补偿参与意愿和受偿额度均有显著的正向影响,其中农业收入比重、人口负担比和住房结构对补偿参与意愿具有正向影响,劳动力数量和人均耕地面积对受偿额度具有正向影响;(3)文化资本对人为活动限制补偿参与意愿的影响不确定,但对受偿额度有显著的负向影响,其中村集体活动参与对补偿参与意愿具有正向影响,外出打工经历对补偿参与意愿和受偿额度均有负向影响;(4)社会资本对人为活动限制补偿参与意愿有显著的正向影响,但对受偿额度的影响不确定,其中村干部信任程度和陌生人信任程度对补偿参与意愿具有正向影响,邻居信任程度和贷款难易程度对受偿额度具有负向影响,手机联系人数和社会声望对受偿额度具有正向影响。因此,在未来的生态保护红线区生态补偿机制设计中,要分层分阶段推进人为活动限制补偿政策,充分重视农户的经济资本、文化资本和社会资本对其人为活动限制受偿意愿的影响。