Migration and transformation of Sb are affected by Mn(III/IV) associated with lepidocrocite originating from Fe(II) oxidation

Antimony (Sb) is a recognized priority pollutant with toxicity that is influenced by its migration and transformation processes. Oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III) oxides, which is a common phenomenon in the environment, is often accompanied by the formation of Mn(III/IV) and might affect the fate of Sb. In this study, incorporated Mn(III) and sorbed/precipitated Mn(III/IV) associated with lepidocrocite were prepared by adding Mn(II) during and after Fe(II) oxidation, respectively, and the effects of these Mn species on Sb fate were investigated. Our results indicated that the association of these Mn species with lepidocrocite obviously enhanced Sb(III) oxidation to Sb(V), while concomitantly inhibiting Sb sorption due to the lower sorption capacity of lepidocrocite for Sb(V) than Sb(III). Additionally, Mn oxide equivalents increased in the presence of Sb, indicating that Sb oxidation by Mn(III/IV) associated with lepidocrocite was a continuous recycling process in which Mn(II) released from Mn(III/IV) reduction by Sb(III) could be oxidized to Mn(III/IV) again. This recycling process was favorable for effective Sb(III) oxidation. Moreover, Sb(V) generated from Sb(III) oxidation by Mn(III/IV) enhanced Mn(II) sorption at the beginning of the process, and thus favored Mn(III/IV) formation, which could further promote Sb(III) oxidation to Sb(V). Overall, this study elucidated the effects of Mn(III/IV) associated with lepidocrocite arisen from Fe(II) oxidation on Sb migration and transformation and revealed the underlying reaction mechanisms, contributing to a better understanding of the geochemical dynamics of Sb.     

高寒山区典型小流域河流溶解性有机碳输出的年内变化及其成因

高寒山区河流溶解性有机碳(DOC)的输出可能有别于北极、亚北极地区,但却少有人研究。选取青藏高原黑河上游的典型高寒小流域——葫芦沟流域为研究对象,通过流域出口处河水DOC浓度的连续观测,分析了河水DOC输出的季节性变化规律,并探讨了流域水文过程对河水DOC输出的影响。结果表明:河水的DOC通量与河道径流量的变化趋势一致,从冬季至春季逐渐降低,夏季急剧增高,秋季又逐渐降低;河水DOC浓度的变化则恰好相反,冬季时最高,春季时略有下降,夏季时急剧降至最低值,秋季再次增高;河水DOC的输出主要集中在夏、秋两季,7~11月份的输出量占河水DOC年输出总量的80%。各水源和流动路径对河水贡献比例的变化是导致上述季节性差异的深层机制:在夏季,低DOC浓度的冰川融水和山区产流对径流有更高的贡献,故河水具有较低的DOC含量,但因其流量远高于其他季节,故DOC通量为全年最高;秋季至初冬,高DOC浓度的寒甸带冻土层上水对径流贡献比例逐渐增大,导致河水的DOC浓度增高;冬季时,河水全部源于秋季时储存在平原区含水层中的高DOC浓度的地下水,故河水的DOC浓度最高;春季中后期,除秋季时储存起来的地下水外,具有较高DOC浓度和极低溶解性无机碳(DIC)浓度的寒甸带融雪水对河水也有一定贡献,故河水DOC浓度变化不大,但其DIC浓度明显降低。     

不同溶剂对活性炭采集氯苯类化合物解吸效能研究

通过在活性炭吸附采样管中定量加入氯苯类化合物标准样品,于大气采样器上模拟采样后测定各组分回收率的方法,研究了实验室常用有机试剂二硫化碳、甲醇、正己烷、苯、乙腈、丙酮等,对活性炭采集大气中氯苯类化合物的解吸性能.实验结果表明,二硫化碳溶剂对氯苯类化合物各组分具有较为高效、稳定的解吸效能,是日常环境监测实践中使用活性炭吸附-气相色谱法测定环境空气和污染源有组织排放废气中氯苯类化合物的较为理想解吸溶剂.     

Bioretention for removal of nitrogen: processes,operational conditions,and strategies for improvement

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - As one of the low-impact development measures, bioretention plays an important role in reducing the runoff peak flow and minimizing runoff pollutants,...