Sorption of arsenic from soil-washing leachate by surfactant-modified zeolite

Post-treatment of leachate from soil-washing remedial actions may be necessary depending on the amounts of dissolved contaminants present. Uptake of arsenic species by surfactant-modified zeolite (SMZ) from a synthetic soil leachate (pH of approximately 12 [NaOH]) was measured as a test of SMZ as a post-treatment sorbent. Batch sorption isotherms were prepared using leachate to SMZ ratios from 40:1 to 4:1, and temperatures of 25 and 15 degrees C. Equilibrium levels of dissolved and total solution arsenic were similar. At each temperature, sorption appeared to reach a plateau or maximum, then decreased at the highest solution concentration, corresponding to the lowest amount of zeolite added (2.5 g). A maximum sorption value of 72.0 mmol of arsenic per kg of SMZ (5400 mg/kg) was observed at 25 degrees C, and 42.1 mmol/kg (3150 mg/kg) at 15 degrees C. Total arsenic recoveries varied from 74 to 125%. Surfactant-modified zeolite removed up to 97% of dissolved organic carbon and decolorized the leachate solutions. Excluding the points for the highest arsenic to SMZ ratio, the sorption isotherms were well described by the linearized form of the Langmuir equation, with coefficients of determination greater than 0.90 at both temperatures. Sorption of arsenic by SMZ is attributed to anion exchange with counterions on the surfactant head groups, and/or partitioning of organic carbon-complexed arsenic into the surfactant bilayer.     

微波法复合絮凝剂PAFC-PAM的制备及脱色性能

研究了以三氯化铝,三氯化铁和阳离子聚丙烯酰胺为原料,在微波辐照下制备PAFC-PAM复合絮凝剂的工艺条件,探讨了pH值、复合絮凝剂投加量对活性染料模拟废水脱色率的影响,并考察了其对实际印染废水的处理效果。结果表明:在PAM/PAFC质量比为0.25、微波合成功率150W、微波时间3min制得的复合絮凝剂,浊度去除率为98.8%。在pH=8,投加量为42mg/L的最佳絮凝条件下,复合絮凝剂对模拟染料废水脱色率高达97%。与PAFC和PAM相比,PAFC-PAM具有较宽的pH适宜范围和较低的投加量且对实际印染废水的处理效果优于PAFC和PAM。     

地铁运行引起的地面振动实测及传播规律分析

对地铁线路某区间段的地面振动进行实测,采集不同测线和不同测点处的水平方向、竖直方向加速度,并转化为傅里叶幅值谱对其进行衰减规律分析。利用公式将加速度记录换算为振级和分频振级,参照相关的国家标准分析不同距离处的振级和频率成分。对比同一加速度记录中的两对开方向列车引起的地面振动,进一步分析振动衰减的规律。所得到的结果可供地面建筑的隔振减振及城市轨道的规划和设计参考。