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The purpose of this research was to explore the concept of an environmental racism claim through the use of several environmental
management tools. The EPAs Toxics Release Inventory, Cumulative Exposure Project, and the Los Angeles County Department of
Health Services' Hot Zone Census Tract Assessment were combined with racial and socioeconomic data to test claims that minorities
in South Central Los Angeles are disproportionately exposed to environmental lead. Multivariate analysis indicated that race
is strongly associated with the number of cases of elevated blood lead levels in South Central, irrespective of poverty status.
Proximity to point sources, a common focal point for studies of environmental racism, was not a contributing factor to health
outcomes. Proximity to transportation corridors was consistently the strongest indicator of environmental lead exposure, while
median home values were significantly and positively related to elevated blood lead levels. Implications for environmental
justice advocates and social and environmental scientists are discussed. 相似文献
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The mineralisation of iron in the major lateral teeth of the chiton Acanthopleura echinata has been examined using light and electron microscopy, together with energy dispersive and Raman spectroscopy. The deposition of magnetite in the posterior region of the tooth cusp has been shown to occur simultaneously on two fronts, from both the anterior and posterior sides. In contrast, in the lepidocrocite region, the mineral is formed by aggregation over the whole region. In addition, evidence is presented for the existence of a thin veneer of ferrihydrite over the surface of the magnetite region. The veneer preserves this region from oxidation prior to use in the mature tooth. Data also suggest that the junction zone plays a vital role in the overall biomineralisation process, contributing large amounts of iron at critical stages of development. 相似文献
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