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1.
Merçon Julia Silva Cabral Dandara Chisté Teixeira Bárbara Miura Pereira Tatiana Magalhães Bona Alliny Valadares Locateli Armini Catharina do Nascimento Agostinho Silvia Gabriela Carvalho Gomes Levy 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(47):66643-66655
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The Fundão Dam collapsed, on November 5th, 2015, dumping more than 50 million/m3 of iron ore tailings, enriched with metals, into the Doce River... 相似文献
2.
Ana Victoria Marta-Sanchez Sergiane Souza Caldas Antunielle Schneider Sónia Maria Vaz Sanches Cardoso Ednei Gilberto Primel 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(15):14460-14470
Parabens have been widely used as antimicrobial agents, mainly in food products, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Although they are known as safe preservatives, they also cause some harm to human health, which has been discussed lately. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of nine parabens (including isomers) in mineral and drinking waters, besides in drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS) samples with determination by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Both methods solid phase extraction (SPE) and QuEChERS were validated. Calibration curves showed a correlation coefficient of 0.99 for all compounds. LOQ values ranged from 0.04 to 4 μg L?1 in aqueous matrices and from 5 to 500 ng g?1 in DWTS. Recoveries between 70 and 115% were reached with RSD below 20% for all compounds in SPE whereas recoveries between 62 and 119% were found with RSD below 20% for almost all compounds in QuEChERS. Matrix effect had low values (<?20%); it was only above 20% for methylparaben in the SPE and for pentylparaben in the QuEChERS. Using a quick and simple extraction procedures with SPE, QuEChERS, and LC-MS/MS analyses, these methods proved to be selective and sensitive. They were successfully applied to real samples (treated water, mineral water, and sludge), and methylparaben was detected at concentration levels below 0.242 μg L?1 in mineral and treated water samples and 10 ng g?1 in DWTS samples. 相似文献
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Larissa Stieven Montagna Thaís Larissa do Amaral Montanheiro Fábio Roberto Passador Ana Paula Lemes Mirabel Cerqueira Rezende 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2018,26(4):1511-1519
The potential use of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/graphite nanosheets (GNS) as a biodegradable nanocomposite has been explored. PHBV/GNS nanocomposites films were prepared by solution casting at various concentrations of GNS—0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 wt% GNS. The films were exposed to artificial ultraviolet radiation (UV) during 52 h. The effect of GNS on PHBV photodegradation was investigated and compared to neat PHBV film. The artificial photodegradation induced changes in physical (weight loss), chemical carbonyl index by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal degree of crystallinity and melting temperature by differential scanning calorimetry and morphological scanning electron microscopy characteristics. Based on the results obtained from aforementioned analyzes it was verified that GNS inhibits the oxidative degradation of PHBV matrix. 相似文献
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Candice DeLeo Caio Augusto Pinotti Maria do Carmo Gonçalves Sachin Velankar 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2011,19(3):689-697
Plasticized starch (PLS) is a renewable, degradable, and inexpensive polymer, but it suffers from poor mechanical properties.
The mechanical properties can be improved by blending PLS with polyolefins, nonetheless, at high PLS content, the mechanical
properties remain poor. Here we show that addition of clay can greatly improve the mechanical properties of PLS/polypropylene
blends at high starch content. Unmodified and organically modified montmorillonite clays, MMT and Cloisite 30B respectively,
were added to blends of glycerol-plasticized starch and polypropylene, compatibilized using maleated polypropylene. TEM indicates
that MMT is well dispersed in the PLS phase of the blends, while Cloisite 30B is located both within the PLS phase as well
as at the interface between PLS and PP. At high PLS content, the addition of clay increased the tensile strength and tensile
modulus by an order of magnitude, while reducing the ultimate elongation only slightly. Such improvements are attributable
to both the addition of clay as a reinforcing component, as well as to the change in the two phase morphology due to addition
of clay. 相似文献
7.
José S. Antunes do Carmo Mechteld ten Voorde Maria G. Neves 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》2011,15(4):531-546
Surfing has becoming more and more attractive in the past few decades, constituting nowadays an important source of revenue
for many countries with extensive coastlines. For this purpose and also for environmental reasons, the conventional ways of
protecting a coastline appear to entail some disadvantages. An innovative and interesting way of improving surfing capacities
and contributing to protect a local coastal zone is by means of multifunctional artificial reefs. A multifunctional artificial
reef (MFAR) is a submerged structure that serves several purposes; in particular, it may enhance the surfing possibilities
and the environmental value of the local area. This structure has some promising new aspects, too: first, it provides an unimpaired
visual amenity; second, it offers tourist and economic benefits by improving the surfing conditions; third, it can enhance
the environmental value of the area where it is built, and fourth, if designed properly, the down drift erosion can be minimal.
An appropriate reef design in terms of ‘surfability’, i.e. the possibility to surf a wave, for the Leirosa beach, located
to the south of Figueira da Foz, midway along Portugal’s West Atlantic coast, has been investigated. In order to achieve the
best design several steps were conducted. First, the performance of the Boussinesq-type COULWAVE model is tested with experimental
data. Next, this numerical model is used to define the best values for three design parameters: reef angle; geometry of the
reef (without or with a platform), and horizontal dimensions for the appropriate geometry. A preliminary design was achieved
step by step, making use of the theory and of the state of the art of multifunctional reefs. This reef geometry is used in
the numerical study. In terms of ‘surfability’ and for the conditions of the local coastline of Leirosa, the following values
were found for the main parameters: a reef angle of 66°; a structure height of 3.20 m; a reef geometry composed of a delta
without a platform; a reef submergence of 1.50 m, and a structure seaward slope of 1:10. 相似文献
8.
Simone Guadagnucci Morillo Adriana Luchs Audrey Cilli Cibele Daniel Ribeiro Rita de Cássia Compagnoli Carmona Maria do Carmo Sampaio Tavares Timenetsky 《Food and environmental virology》2017,9(2):142-148
Norovirus (NoV) is recognized as the most common cause of foodborne outbreaks. In 2014, an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis occurred on a cruise ship in Brazil, and NoV became the suspected etiology. Here we present the molecular identification of the NoV strains and the use of sequence analysis to determine modes of virus transmission. Food (cream cheese, tuna salad, grilled fish, orange mousse, and vegetables soup) and clinical samples were analyzed by ELISA, conventional RT-PCR, qRT-PCR, and sequencing. Genogroup GII NoV was identified by ELISA and conventional RT-PCR in fecal samples from 5 of 12 patients tested (41.7%), and in the orange mousse food sample by conventional RT-PCR and qRT-PCR. Two fecal GII NoV samples and the orange mousse GII NoV sample were successfully genotyped as GII.Pe (ORF 1), revealed 98.0–98.8% identities among them, and shared phylogenetically distinct cluster. Establishing the source of a NoV outbreak can be a challenging task. In this report, the molecular analysis of the partial RdRp NoV gene provided a powerful tool for genotyping (GII.Pe) and tracking of outbreak-related samples. In addition, the same fast and simple extraction methods applied to clinical samples could be successfully used for complex food matrices, and have the potential to be introduced in routine laboratories for screening foods for presence of NoV. 相似文献
9.
To restore food security to a traditional African cropping system following a sudden loss of seed, genetic diversity must be re-established. This study examines the extent to which Cowpea diversity was reinstated two years after a flood disaster in Gaza Province, Mozambique. The contribution that seed from various sources made to the recovery was assessed using semi-structured interviews and morphological and molecular data. Data suggest that diversity had recovered to some extent yet there was evidence of a narrowing of the genetic base, with fewer rare alleles and differences in the distribution of allele frequencies. Although the main channels for accessing seed after the flood were seed relief and markets, these sources contributed to minimal and different diversity. It appears that diversity was regained primarily through social networking in the form of loans or gifts of seed from friends and relatives. The results of the study are discussed in relation to seed relief approaches. 相似文献
10.
Victor Fernandez Nascimento 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2014,64(1):80-88
Selecting a suitable place to install a new landfill is a hard work. Bauru is a Brazilian municipality where the local landfill currently in use has a life span that is almost over, and the selection of a new area for a future landfill is crucial and urgent. Here we use a geographic information system (GIS) approach to indicate possible suitable areas for installing the landfill. The considered criteria were: river network and the respective buffer zone, relief, urban areas and their respective buffer zone, existence of Areas for Environmental Protection (AEPs), occurrence of wells and their respective buffer zones, existence of airports and their buffer zones, wind direction, and the road network and its respective buffer zone. Due the facts that (1) Bauru has an urban area relatively large in relation to whole municipal area, (2) Bauru has two airports, and (3) this area encompasses parts of three AEPs, the model showed that there are few areas suitable and moderately suitable in Bauru, and the greater part of the municipality is unsuitable to install a new landfill. Due to this important finding reported here, the local policymakers should consider the suitable or even moderately suitable areas for analysis in situ or look for other creative solutions for destination of the solid waste. We highly encourage the use of GIS in studies that seek suitable areas for future landfills, having found that SIG was a tool that allowed fast and precise work and generated an outcome sufficiently clear of interpretation.
Implications:?Solid waste (SW) management is one of the main environmental concerns nowadays. Landfilling SW is still the main practice to disposal of such material. However, for many regions, suitable places for landfilling are getting scarce. This study proved this situation for a populous place in a southeastern Brazilian region. This study also showed how the decision makers should manage the problem in order to minimize the amount of SW generated and delivered for the landfill. Massive investment in education is a critical issue to reach the proposed aim. 相似文献