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1.
Nguyen Thai Hoa Tomoko Hasegawa Yuzuru Matsuoka 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2014,19(1):15-32
Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sectors account for 53 % of the domestic greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in Vietnam in 2000. However, due to political focus on adaptation, Vietnamese government has not formulated particular policy on mitigation in the sectors. This study aims to identify and assess mitigation potential in AFOLU sectors in Vietnam up to 2030 using AFOLU Bottom-up model. Therefore, the results can help government towards building mitigation strategies in the country. The methodology involves: (1) development of future assumptions of crops harvested areas, livestock population and area of land use and land use change and (2) identification of mitigation countermeasures with high potential and assessment of their cost-effectiveness. In 2030, 11 MtCO2eq/year of emission can be reduced by no-regret countermeasures which take zero or negative cost. In the case of full application of countermeasures, 48 MtCO2eq/year can be reduced compared to the baseline emission level. Mitigation countermeasures, which have great contribution for GHG reduction in Vietnam, are midseason drainage in rice paddy (7 MtCO2eq/year), off-season incorporation of rice straw (3 MtCO2eq/year) and conservation of existing protection forests (17 MtCO2eq/year). Based on our findings, a package of mitigation countermeasures at 10 USD/tCO2eq is expected to have the most economic efficiency and high mitigation for GHG mitigation in AFOLU sectors in Vietnam. 相似文献
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Tadashi Hasegawa Kakeru Usuba Soichiro Kondo Yutaka Maeda 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2008,6(2):107-111
Here, we show that association of stilbene molecules is facilitated by water on silica gel because of hydrophobic interaction
and photodimerization becomes the main photochemical process. Irradiation of trans-stilbene (t-1) on silica gel gives cis-stilbene (c-1), phenanthrene (2), benzaldehyde (3), and dimers r-ctt-4 and r-tct-4. The yields of the dimers increase and those of 2 and 3 decrease with an increase in the amount of t-1 loaded on silica gel. Atmospheric oxygen is responsible for the formation of 2 and 3. The yields of the dimers also increase with an increase in the water on a silica-gel surface and change drastically at the
point where the percentage of water to silica gel is around 25 wt%. All active sites on a silica-gel surface would be covered
completely with 25 wt% of water. 相似文献
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Seasonal variations of Rn concentrations in the air of a tunnel located in Nagano city 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
H. Muramatsu Y. Tashiro N. Hasegawa C. Misawa M. Minami 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2002,60(3):1070-274
The seasonal variation of 222Rn concentrations in the air of tunnels constructed during World War II at Nagano City has been investigated. The determination of 222Rn concentrations in tunnel air was performed using a solid-state nuclear track detector technique. The monthly radon concentrations changed smoothly, decreasing towards winter and increasing towards summer, and it was found that the concentrations strongly correlate with the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the tunnel. In the innermost areas of the tunnel, the maximum concentration was observed in July, its value being about 6500 Bq m (-3). The concentrations of radon in the tunnel air decrease exponentially towards the openings of the tunnel, which indicates that the radon concentration in the tunnel is basically governed by diffusion and mixing of radon gas with air. These observations lead to the conclusion that the seasonal variation of the radon concentration in the tunnel air is mainly caused by a convection current due to a stack effect induced by the temperature difference between the tunnel air and the outside air. 相似文献
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Cheng W Yagi K Akiyama H Nishimura S Sudo S Fumoto T Hasegawa T Hartley AE Megonigal JP 《Journal of environmental quality》2007,36(6):1920-1925
To understand which soil chemical properties are the best predictors of CH4 production in rice paddy soils, a model was developed with empirical data from nine types of rice soils collected around Japan and anaerobically incubated at 30 degrees C for 16 wk in laboratory conditions. After 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 wk of incubation, CO2, CH4, and Fe(II) were measured to understand soil organic matter decomposition and iron (Fe) reduction. Available N (N ava) was also measured at the end of incubation. The results showed that decomposable C and reducible Fe are two key parameters that regulate soil CH(4) production (P CH4). There was a significant relationship between decomposable C and available N (N ava) (r2 = 0.975**). Except for a sandy soil sample, a significant relationship between total Fe (Fe total) and reducible Fe was found. From this experiment, a simple model of soil CH4 production was developed: P CH4 = 1.593N(ava) - 2.460Fe total/1000 (each unit was mg kg(-1) soil). After simulated CH4 production by two soil chemical properties as above, there was a significant consistency between model simulation and actual measurement (r2 = 0.831**). 相似文献
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Thermal cracking of oils from waste plastics 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Toshiro?TsujiEmail author Koji?Hasegawa Takao?Masuda 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2003,5(2):102-106
Thermal cracking of decomposed waste plastic oil produces a good yield of olefins. The solvent extraction of such waste plastic oil seems to be efficient for increasing gas yields and recycling monomers. To assess the potential of monomer recovery from municipal waste plastics, the oils were cracked using a laboratory-scale quartz-tube reactor. The waste plastic oils were provided by two commercial plants of the Sapporo Plastic Recycle Co. and the Dohoh Recycle Center Co. in Japan. A model waste plastic oil made in a laboratory was also examined. Yields of ethene, propene, and other products were measured at different temperatures. Two-step pyrolysis reduces coking compared with the direct thermal degradation of plastics. The raffinates from waste plastic oils extracted by sulfolane were also cracked. The primary products were almost the same as those from nontreated oils. The maximum total gas yield was 78wt%–85wt% at 750°C, an increase of about 20wt% compared with that of nonextracted oil. Solvent extraction removes stable aromatic hydrocarbons such as styrene, which is more coked than cracked. 相似文献
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简要阐述了高效型离心脱水机的工作原理及其在上海两个污水处理厂进行的现场污泥脱水实验,结果表明,污泥脱水效果良好,从污泥性状与脱水性分析说明,污泥浓度低,有机物含量高,则脱水性差;有机物含量低,则脱水性好,应用分析表明,随着污泥性状逐年变化,离心脱水机将成为流脱水机。 相似文献