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排序方式: 共有153条查询结果,搜索用时 33 毫秒
1.
Brbara Moura Reis Manhes Alice de Souza Picaluga Tatiana Lemos Bisi Alexandre de Freitas Azevedo Joo Paulo Machado Torres Olaf Malm Jos Lailson-Brito 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(7):6813-6823
Mercury is a trace element that is potentially dangerous due its high toxicity and tendency to bioaccumulate in organisms. Currently, high mercury concentrations are seen in the environment especially due climate changes. Studies regarding mercury bioavailability in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean using tuna and tuna-like species are rare. The aim of the present study was to use tuna and tuna-like species (Thunnus atlanticus, Thunnus albacares, Katsuwonus pelamis, Euthynnus alletteratus, Coryphaena hippurus and Sarda sarda) as indicators of the availability of total mercury (THg) in oceanic food webs of the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. THg concentrations varied significantly among species for both muscle and liver (Kruskal–Wallis test; H5,130 = 52.7; p < 0.05; H5,130 = 50.1; p < 0.05, respectively). The lowest concentrations were found in C. hippurus (0.008 mg kg−1 wet weight in the muscle and 0.003 mg kg−1 wet weight in the liver), and the highest concentrations were reported in the muscle of T. atlanticus (1.3 mg kg−1 wet weight) and in the liver of S. sarda (2.5 mg kg−1 wet weight). The continued monitoring of tuna and tuna-like species is necessary to assist in their conservation since tuna can be sentinels of mercury pollution. 相似文献
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Thorsten Stahl Sandy Falk Alice Rohrbeck Sebastian Georgii Christin Herzog Alexander Wiegand Svenja Hotz Bruce Boschek Holger Zorn Hubertus Brunn 《Environmental Sciences Europe》2017,29(1):17
Background
When cooking on a barbecue grill, consumers often use aluminum grill pans. For one, the pan catches the fats and oils that would drip into the embers causing the formation of potentially noxious smoke, and the pan also protects the food from being burned by direct heat from the coals. In addition, new aluminum products for use in ovens and grills are becoming increasingly popular. Due to their light weight and excellent heat transfer camping, utensils made of aluminum are, for example, often used by fishermen and mountain climbers. Preparing food in aluminum utensils can, however, result in migration of the aluminum to the foodstuffs.Results/Conclusions
In this study presented here, it was found that the transfer limit of 5.00 mg/L for aluminum is not exceeded using simulants for oil or for tap water; however, with an aqueous solution of 0.5% citric acid, the limit is clearly exceeded at 638 mg/L. This means that the Tolerable Weekly Intake (TWI) is exceeded by 298% for a child weighing 15 kg and for an adult weighing 70 kg it is equivalent to 63.8% of the TWI, assuming a daily uptake of 10 mL marinade containing lemon juice over a period of 1 week. Preparation of a fish dish with a marinade containing lemon juice in camping dishes would result in the TWI being exceeded by 871% for a child weighing 15 kg and by 187% for an adult weighing 70 kg assuming a daily uptake of 250 g over a period of 1 week.4.
Scientific community and policy-makers share the common interest in identifying and evaluating potential impacts of climate change on ecosystems, relying mainly on probabilistic methods of exploring the risks. In this perspective, the concept of ensemble forecasting makes possible to handle uncertainties associated with climate risk analysis by focusing on a range of potential or probable impact scenarios rather than actualizing a single case. In this paper, an ensemble of simulations based on the Lund-Potsdam-Jena (LPJ) model was used to investigate the uncertainty upon predictions of the future Euro-Mediterranean vegetation distribution, carbon dynamics, and water budget. Twenty simulations from past to future were based on the combination of different climate inputs, vegetation model parameterizations, and configurations. The evaluation of results combined the separate deterministic future projections from the LPJ model into a single probabilistic projection, associating a likelihood degree in accordance with the most recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change terminology. Results projected a general critical situation in terms of water availability, made more serious if considering that also the occurrence of extreme-related events, e.g., fires, is expected to become more frequent as favored by more recurrent drought episodes. Although more uncomfortable climate conditions were projected for vegetation, net primary production (NPP) was predicted to increase due to the potential enrichment of CO2 in atmosphere and its fertilization effects on vegetation. The combination of rising NPP and fire frequency may shape the carbon cycle components, as the carbon losses by fire also were projected to increase. 相似文献
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Alice Hague 《环境政策》2016,25(5):943-944
7.
Ben Vanpeperstraete Sébastien Duyck Medani P. Bhandari Janis Brizga Leida Rijnhout Sylvia Lorek A. Peter Castro Chiung Ting Chang Herman Daly Robert J. Didham Gianluca Ferraro Oliver Greenfield Ashok Khosla Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker Birgit Lode Simon Miles Henrique Pacini Semida Silveira Leisa Perch Jaap Rijnsburger Mukul Sanwal Sameera Savarala S. Jacob Scherr Kallidaikurichi E. Seetharam A.M.M. Adeeb Donna Shepherd Adrian Smith Lisinka Ulatowska Alice Vincent Werner John 《Natural resources forum》2011,35(4):334-342
8.
Roberto Rosal Ismael Rodea-Palomares Karina Boltes Francisca Fernández-Piñas Francisco Leganés Soledad Gonzalo Alice Petre 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2010,17(1):135-144
Background, aim, and scope
The high consumption of blood lipid regulators is leading to frequent reports of the occurrence of fibrates in natural streams and wastewater effluents. This paper describes a study undertaken to evaluate the acute toxicity of bezafibrate, clofibric acid, gemfibrozil, and fenofibric acid, a metabolite of fenofibrate whose ecotoxicity has not been previously reported. 相似文献9.
Alice Gitchell R. Simonaitis Julian Heicklen 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(8):772-775
Additional inhibitors for the conversion of NO to NO2 in C3H6—NO—02 irradiated mixtures have been tested at 25°C. These mixtures initially contained 16 mTorr C3H6, 8 mTorr NO, 0.012 mTorr NO2, additive, and enough O2 to bring the total pressure to 100 Torr. The NO2 pressure was monitored photometrically. In the absence of additive, the NO2 pressure first increases with irradiation time reaching a maximum conversion at about 15 minutes. As the irradiation time increases beyond 15 min, the NO2 pressure drops. Before adding the inhibitors, runs were done with 10 Torr of CO added, and in these runs the conversion was speeded so that the maximum in NO2 pressure occurred at 10 min. This enhancement in conversion rate is considered to be diagnostic for the presence of HO radicals. Next 10-min irradiations were done with various amounts of hexafluorobenzene (C6F6), nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2), or naphtha lene (C10H8) added. The NO2 pressure was reduced to one-half its value in the absence of inhibitor with 270 mTorr C6F6’, 220 mTorr C6H5N02, or 4 mTorr C10Hg. The C10H8 is a very efficient inhibitor, but additions of up to 1 8.5 mTorr C10H8 did not reduce the N02 pressure to zero. Studies of the percent conversion of NO to NO2 vs. irradiation time were done with either 4.2 mTorr C10H8 or 40 mTorr 2,6-di-ferf-butyl-4-methylphenol (Ph) added. In the former case the peak conversion was delayed from 15 to 22 min, while in the latter case no delay occurred. However, with the Ph added, there appeared to be some reduction in the maximum value of percent conversion. 相似文献
10.
Huiqun Wang Daniel J. Jacob Philippe Le Sager David G. Streets Rokjin J. Park Alice B. Gilliland A. van Donkelaar 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(6):1310-1319
We use a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) with 1° × 1° horizontal resolution to quantify the effects of anthropogenic emissions from Canada, Mexico, and outside North America on daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentrations in US surface air. Simulations for summer 2001 indicate mean North American and US background concentrations of 26 ± 8 ppb and 30 ± 8 ppb, as obtained by eliminating anthropogenic emissions in North America vs. in the US only. The US background never exceeds 60 ppb in the model. The Canadian and Mexican pollution enhancement averages 3 ± 4 ppb in the US in summer but can be occasionally much higher in downwind regions of the northeast and southwest, peaking at 33 ppb in upstate New York (on a day with 75 ppb total ozone) and 18 ppb in southern California (on a day with 68 ppb total ozone). The model is successful in reproducing the observed variability of ozone in these regions, including the occurrence and magnitude of high-ozone episodes influenced by transboundary pollution. We find that exceedances of the 75 ppb US air quality standard in eastern Michigan, western New York, New Jersey, and southern California are often associated with Canadian and Mexican pollution enhancements in excess of 10 ppb. Sensitivity simulations with 2020 emission projections suggest that Canadian pollution influence in the Northeast US will become comparable in magnitude to that from domestic power plants. 相似文献