Growth of Zostera japonica in different sediment habitats of the Yellow River estuary in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The estuarine delta of the Yellow River is a region of strong land-ocean-human interactions that undergoes a unique evolutionary process. The delta is...     

Estimation of residue levels and dietary risk assessment of cyproconazole and azoxystrobin in cucumber after field application in China

Residue field trials in cucumber were conducted for the safe use of a commercial formulation of cyproconazole·azoxystrobin 28% suspension concentrate (SC 294 g a.i. ha^?1, three applications at a 7-day interval) in the year 2018, in China. To determine the residues of cyproconazole and azoxystrobin in cucumber, a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. This validated method was applied to analyze cucumber samples collected from 12 specified regions. At the 3-day interval to harvest, the highest residue (HR) of azoxystrobin was 0.150 mg kg^?1, which was lower than the maximum residue limit (MRL; 0.5 mg kg^?1) permitted in China, and the HR of cyproconazole was 0.084 mg kg^?1, for which no MRL value has been set in China. The chronic risk quotient values of cyproconazole and azoxystrobin for Chinese adults at a 3-day interval to harvest were 2.56% and 13.72%, respectively. The acute risk quotient values of cyproconazole in cucumber were specified as 5.52% for children (1–6 years old) and 2.83% for the adults (>?18 years old) in China. These results indicate that cyproconazole·azoxystrobin 28% SC sprayed on cucumber at the pre-harvest interval of 3 days has no significant potential risk for Chinese consumers.

     

人工湿地反硝化外加固体碳源选择研究

为了筛选合适的固体碳源,以玉米秸秆、污泥作为研究对象进行碳源释放规律及预处理实验研究,并从碳源释放量,释放速率、释放C/N比等方面探讨其做为碳源的可行性。结果表明,碱加热预处理后的玉米秸秆碳元素平均释放量为10.31 mg/(g·d),较酸加碱加热预处理方式高0.91 mg/(g·d),但二者氮元素平均释放量相同,均为0.20 mg/(g·d)。污泥经预处理后,碳、氮元素平均释放量分别为8.98 mg/(g·d)、0.21 mg/(g·d)。考虑到污泥作为反硝化碳源可以实现污泥的资源化、减量化和无害化。所以污泥和碱加热处理的玉米秸秆均可作为人工湿地外加碳源。     

乌鲁木齐河流域西山地区地下水化学特征

乌鲁木齐河西山地区位于流域中游上段山间盆地的西部,具有独特的水文地质条件,作为乌鲁木齐市的备用水源地,其地下水环境和补给排泄条件的研究非常重要。通过地表水和地下水的化学成分演化研究,结合氢氧稳定同位素分析,将地下水的补给分为两期,即全新世补给和晚更新世补给,并以此得出乌鲁木齐河在晚更新世发育于研究区现在河道的西侧,自末次冰期后由西向东摆动的结论。另外西山地区农场的灌溉活动,促进了河水的蒸发以及后续的溶解交替发生,方解石和石膏矿物不断从河水中溶解,芒硝的相对浓度不断在地下水中累积。当原河水蒸发成固相蒸发盐,然后溶解在新补给的水体中时,原河水的氢氧同位素值不再被保留下来。