Simultaneous removal of cyanobacterial blooms and production of clean water by coupling flocculation with a rotary drum filter

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A mechanical harvesting technology based on coupling flocculation with a rotary drum filter (RDF, 35-μm) was applied to remove cyanobacterial...     

NOx attenuation in flue gas by •OH/SO4•--based advanced oxidation processes

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The combustion of fossil fuels has resulted in rapidly increasing emissions of nitrogen oxide (NOx), which has caused serious human health and...     

20世纪80年代以来我国地震史研究述评

我国是一个地震频发的国家,也是一个地震记载最早而又最详备的国家。20世纪80年代以来,关于地震研究有一定成果涌现。然就整体而论,中国地震史在中国灾害史研究中仍然处于十分薄弱的状态,存在诸多不足。无论从史料的开挖、研究方法和理论的运用,还是研究内容、对象、视角和深度上,都有进一步展拓的可行性与必要性。     

城镇污水处理厂提标改造工程设计探讨——以辽宁地区两座污水处理厂为例

在某两座城镇污水处理厂提标改造工程中,将SBR等工艺改变为An/O和MBBR运行模式,强化了二级生物处理效果,使二级出水COD、BOD5、NH3-N和TN稳定达到一级A标准。同时,针对不同水质特点,选择不同的混凝沉淀和过滤形式进行深度处理,保证了SS和TP的稳定达标。     

Comparative on Causes and Accumulation of Selenium in the Tree-rings Ambient High-selenium Coal Combustion Area from Yutangba, Hubei, China

Toxic trace elements emitted during coal combustion are the main sources of air pollution. They are released into the atmosphere mainly in the forms of fine ash, smoke and flue, and thus adversely affect plant, animal and human health. Selenium is one of toxic and the most volatile in coal. Large amount of atmospheric emission of selenium, as well as selenium present and scrubber stockpiles in ash may create serious environmental problems. In the paper, on the basis of investigating the abundance and distribution of selenium in plant-rings during recent 20 years, the bioaccumulation of selenium is explained that selenium in plant, which were collected from the village of selenium-rich coal combustion, is much higher than that in plants collected away from the village of selenium-rich coal combustion. The main origins of selenium are selenium-rich coal combustion and high-selenium rock weathered. The selenium recycle by food chain and selenium will accumulate and redistribute in environments.     

LSH-02G克劳斯尾气加氢催化剂的开发及应用

介绍了LSH-02G克劳斯尾气加氢催化剂的生产工艺及工业应用情况。LSH-02G催化剂具有一定的大孔,可减少CO在催化剂孔道中的停留时间,显著提高催化剂的COS水解率。LSH-02G催化剂工业应用结果表明：装置在80％、100％和110％负荷下运行,各项参数运行正常,急冷水pH稳定在7.8~8.0,急冷塔顶在线氢气含量（φ）维持在1.8%~2.2%,加氢反应器无SO₂穿透。加氢反应器中SO₂加氢转化率均为100％,COS水解率均在92%以上,符合普光天然气净化厂加氢催化剂技术规格书要求（SO₂加氢转化率100％,COS水解率达90%以上）。     

氮输入对三江湿地小叶章不同生长阶段土壤产生CH_4能力的影响

在小叶章(Deyeuxia angustifolia)不同生长阶段,用室内鲜土培养法对土壤CH4的产生能力进行了研究.结果表明,氮输入后,植物各生长阶段的土壤CH4产生率均随时间的推移发生了明显的波动.从生长季(6月7日～8月24日)CH4产生率均值来看,不同氮输入水平对土壤CH4产生起促进作用;不同氮输入水平对植物不同生长阶段CH4产生率影响明显.第一(6月7日～7月2日)、第二(7月2日～7月20日)阶段适量的氮输入(6g.m-2)对CH4产生起促进作用,但过量氮输入(12g.m-2)会对CH4产生起抑制作用;而第三(7月20日～8月7日)、第四(8月7日～8月24日)阶段不同氮输入均对CH4产生起促进作用;氮输入后,土壤微生物量碳(MBC)、土壤微生物量氮(MBN)、土壤基础呼吸(BR)、土壤代谢熵(qCO2)、土壤诱导呼吸(SIR)、铵态氮(NH4+-N)、硝态氮(NO3--N)和植物地上生物量与土壤CH4产生的动态关系存在差异.土壤CH4产生与qCO2呈显著正相关(p0.01),与土壤MBN、TOC和地上生物量呈显著正相关(p0.05).     

延安新造贫瘠耕地适生农作物及其高产品种筛选

2013?—?2017年延安市实施了治沟造地工程,总投资约50亿,新造耕地3.33万hm2,但是研究发现新造耕地土壤贫瘠,改良需要较长时间.因此筛选新造耕地适生农作物及其高产品种,指导农业生产实践显得尤为重要和迫切.为此,本研究开展延安新造耕地适生农作物筛选实验,发现马铃薯为新造耕地适生农业作物,进而从甘肃等地选择有代表性的抗性强、产量高的11个马铃薯品种,在延安安塞区高桥镇南沟村开展了最适马铃薯品种筛选的大田实验.结果表明:(1)从产量、产值以及对土壤改良角度综合考虑,马铃薯为延安新造耕地适生作物,其产量和产值均显著高于其他农作物,且马铃薯有利于降低土壤pH值,改善土壤团粒结构,提升有机质与氮磷含量,适宜于新造贫瘠耕地种植.(2)"新大坪"、"青薯168"、"克新1号"产量均显著高于本地马铃薯品种(P<0.01),且出苗率、水分利用效率、净光合效率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和胞间CO2浓度均高于本地马铃薯品种(P<0.05);"陇薯7号"出苗率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和胞间CO2浓度也高于本地品种(P<0.05),其水分利用效率低(P>0.05),限制了其光合效率(P>0.05),没有表现出高产效果(P>0.05),但是个头大、表面光滑、卖相好.(3)进一步大田验证实验发现,"新大坪"不但产量高,而且出苗率、株高、净光合速率、气孔导度、淀粉、还原糖、蛋白质均优于本地马铃薯品种;"青薯168"产量也显著高于本地马铃薯品种,其胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率、PSⅡ实际光化学效率、最大光化学量子产量、PSⅡ潜在活性均优于本地品种;"陇薯7号"与"克新1号"产量也高于本地品种,但无显著性差异(P>0.05).利用模糊数学隶属函数方法综合评价发现,"新大坪"隶属度值最大,为新造耕地最适宜种植推广的品种,其次为"陇薯7号"与"青薯168",而"克新1号"综合评价劣于本地品种.     

石油污染土壤生物修复菌Z1a-B的分离鉴定与调控效应研究

从山东东营胜利油田附近的石油污染土壤中分离筛选得到一株高效石油降解菌Z1a-B,通过菌落形态及显微镜个体形态观察对其初步鉴定到属,并采用气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)法分析了Z1a-B的石油降解性能,采用投加石油降解菌、调节土壤N、P含量和优化环境因素等措施,进行了为期60d的石油污染土壤室外自然堆制生物修复实验。结果表明,Z1a-B为链霉菌属白孢类群,其摇瓶培养的石油降解率为66.4%;Z1a-B有着很宽的烷烃降解谱;N、P最佳的添加量组合为KNO32.50g/kg、K2HPO40.35g/kg,即N/P(质量比)为5.57:1.00,此时的石油降解率达63.5%,土壤脱氢酶活性达最高值,为2.99μL/g;石油降解的最佳环境条件为:将石油质量分数为3.3%的100g土样调节pH至8.5后,装入容积为300mL的锥形瓶中灭菌,再接种孢子密度为2.7×108个/mL的菌剂5.5mL,于28℃下进行生物降解,在此条件下的石油降解率可达76.5%;土壤脱氢酶活性的测定结果可以作为检验石油污染土壤生物修复效果的重要指示指标之一;室外自然堆制生物修复实验中,添加菌剂、锯末、秸秆以及N、P后,石油降解率可达69.9%,总体来说,室外自然堆制生物修复是一种投资少、见效快、治理效果较好的石油污染土壤治理方法。     

Bioaccumulation and translocation of cadmium in cole （Brassica campestris L.） and celery （Apium graveolens） grown in the polluted oasis soil, Northwest of China

A pot experiment was conducted to study the bioaccumulation and translocation of cadmium (Cd) in cole (Brassica campestris L.) and celery (Apium graveolens) grown in the Cd-polluted oasis soil, Northwest of China. The results showed that Cd in the unpolluted oasis soil was mainly bound to carbonate fraction (F2) and Fe-Mn oxide fraction (F3). However, marked change of Cd fractions was observed with increasing soil Cd concentrations, in which the concentration of Cd in F1 (exchangeable fraction), F2 and F3 increased significantly (p < 0.001 for F1, F2 and F3). The growth of cole and celery could be facilitated by low concentrations of Cd, but inhibited by high concentrations. The correlation analysis between the fraction distribution coefficient of Cd in the soil and Cd concentration accumulated in the two vegetables showed that Cd in F1 in the soil made the greatest contribution on the accumulation of Cd in the two vegetables. The high bio-concentration factor and the translocation factor of Cd in both cole and celery were observed, and Cd had higher accumulation in the edible parts of the two vegetables. Therefore, both cole and celery grown in Cd-polluted oasis soil have higher risk to human health. And the two vegetables are not suitable to be cultivated as vegetables consumed by human in the Cd-polluted oasis soil.