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排序方式: 共有115条查询结果,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
Nathaniel Solomon Prince Alam Md. Shabbir Murshed Muntasir Mahmood Haider Ahmad Paiman 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(35):47957-47972
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the current century, the G7 countries have attached more importance to energy security, and have prioritized low-carbon sources which have... 相似文献
2.
Christian Hogrefe Gopal Sistla Eric Zalewsky Winston Hao Jia-Yeong Ku 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(9):1121-1129
Abstract In the United States, emission processing models such as Emissions Modeling System-2001 (EMS-2001), Emissions Preprocessor System-Version 2.5 (EPS2.5), and the Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions (SMOKE) model are currently being used to generate gridded, hourly, speciated emission inputs for urban and regional-scale photochemical models from aggregated pollutant inventories. In this study, two models, EMS-2001 and SMOKE, were applied with their default internal data sets to process a common inventory database for a high ozone (O3) episode over the eastern United States using the Carbon Bond IV (CB4) chemical speciation mechanism. A comparison of the emissions processed by these systems shows differences in all three of the major processing steps performed by the two models (i.e., in temporal allocation, spatial allocation, and chemical speciation). Results from a simulation with a photochemical model using these two sets of emissions indicate differences on the order of ±20 ppb in the predicted 1-hr daily maximum O3 concentrations. It is therefore critical to develop and implement more common and synchronized temporal, spatial, and speciation cross-reference systems such that the processes within each emissions model converge toward reasonably similar results. This would also help to increase confidence in the validity of photochemical grid model results by reducing one aspect of modeling uncertainty. 相似文献
3.
Benjamin M. Jones Christopher D. Arp Kenneth M. Hinkel Richard A. Beck Joel A. Schmutz Barry Winston 《Environmental management》2009,43(6):1071-1084
Lakes are dominant landforms in the National Petroleum Reserve Alaska (NPRA) as well as important social and ecological resources.
Of recent importance is the management of these freshwater ecosystems because lakes deeper than maximum ice thickness provide
an important and often sole source of liquid water for aquatic biota, villages, and industry during winter. To better understand
seasonal and annual hydrodynamics in the context of lake morphometry, we analyzed lakes in two adjacent areas where winter
water use is expected to increase in the near future because of industrial expansion. Landsat Thematic Mapper and Enhanced
Thematic Mapper Plus imagery acquired between 1985 and 2007 were analyzed and compared with climate data to understand interannual
variability. Measured changes in lake area extent varied by 0.6% and were significantly correlated to total precipitation
in the preceding 12 months (p < 0.05). Using this relation, the modeled lake area extent from 1985 to 2007 showed no long-term trends. In addition, high-resolution
aerial photography, bathymetric surveys, water-level monitoring, and lake-ice thickness measurements and growth models were
used to better understand seasonal hydrodynamics, surface area-to-volume relations, winter water availability, and more permanent
changes related to geomorphic change. Together, these results describe how lakes vary seasonally and annually in two critical
areas of the NPRA and provide simple models to help better predict variation in lake-water supply. Our findings suggest that
both overestimation and underestimation of actual available winter water volume may occur regularly, and this understanding
may help better inform management strategies as future resource use expands in the NPRA. 相似文献
4.
Winston Harrington Virginia McDonnell 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(6):791-799
Different ways for modeling the impact of vehicle emission inspection and maintenance programs on fleet hydrocarbon emissions are examined. A dynamic model is developed for forecasting fleet emissions in which individual vehicle performance is modeled as a stochastic process and vehicle emissions are tracked over time. Emissions inspection and repair are incorporated into the model, allowing for the stochastic aspects of both testing and repair. This model is compared to EPA’s model for evaluating the impact of vehicle emissions inspection and maintenance. We find that the way vehicle emission equipment deterioration overtime is modeled is important for forecasting emissions from the fleet and for assessing the success of inspection and maintenance programs. For inspection programs, we find that factors such as the proportion of vehicles tested, and repair effectiveness and duration have the greatest impact on emission reductions. The ability of different emission testing regimes to identify polluting vehicles has less impact on a program’s overall potential for emissions reduction. Policy recommendations for I&M testing and predictions of emission reduction credits from these tests will depend in important ways on the methods used in the underlying emissions models. 相似文献
5.
Monica E. Wright Dean B. Atkinson Luke Ziemba Robert Griffin Naruki Hiranuma Sarah Brooks Barry Lefer James Flynn Ryan Perna Bernhard Rappenglück Winston Luke Paul Kelley 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(33):4035-4044
Extensive aerosol optical properties, particle size distributions, and Aerodyne quadrupole aerosol mass spectrometer measurements collected during TRAMP/TexAQS 2006 were examined in light of collocated meteorological and chemical measurements. Much of the evident variability in the observed aerosol-related air quality is due to changing synoptic meteorological situations that direct emissions from various sources to the TRAMP site near the center of the Houston-Galveston-Brazoria (HGB) metropolitan area. In this study, five distinct long-term periods have been identified. During each of these periods, observed aerosol properties have implications that are of interest to environmental quality management agencies. During three of the periods, long range transport (LRT), both intra-continental and intercontinental, appears to have played an important role in producing the observed aerosol. During late August 2006, southerly winds brought super-micron Saharan dust and sea salt to the HGB area, adding mass to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) measurements, but apparently not affecting secondary particle growth or gas-phase air pollution. A second type of LRT was associated with northerly winds in early September 2006 and with increased ozone and sub-micron particulate matter in the HGB area. Later in the study, LRT of emissions from wildfires appeared to increase the abundance of absorbing aerosols (and carbon monoxide and other chemical tracers) in the HGB area. However, the greatest impacts on Houston PM2.5 air quality are caused by periods with low-wind-speed sea breeze circulation or winds that directly transport pollutants from major industrial areas, i.e., the Houston Ship Channel, into the city center. 相似文献
6.
7.
Krishnakumar S. Singh D. Satheesh Herbert Godson Prince S. Thanga Salom Gnana 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(48):72309-72311
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - 相似文献
8.
Murshed Muntasir Rashid Seemran Ulucak Recep Dagar Vishal Rehman Abdul Alvarado Rafael Nathaniel Solomon Prince 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(12):16939-16958
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The energy sector of Argentina is predominantly reliant on fossil fuels. Consequently, such fossil fuel dependency within the nation’s power... 相似文献
9.
Huang Jingyu Opoku Prince Atta Guang Li Ke Li Norgbey Eyram 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(46):65399-65409
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To achieve allowable gas emission limits and eliminate the high cost and challenges associated with pre-treatment of sludge before incineration, a new... 相似文献
10.
Kumar Jebarathnam Prince Prakash Jeba Ragumaran Shunmugavel Nandagopal Ganesan Ravichandran Vijaya Mallavarapu Ramana Murthy Missimer Thomas M. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(5):5116-5125
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Marine and freshwater pollution caused by transport of invasive species in shipping ballast water is a major global problem and will increase in... 相似文献