A comprehensive review on green buildings research: bibliometric analysis during 1998–2018

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Buildings account for nearly 2/5ths of global energy expenditure. Due to this figure, the 90s witnessed the rise of green buildings (GBs) that were...     

不同类型活性炭处理废水中重金属离子的研究进展

重金属对人体的显著毒性和难降解的特性,使重金属水体污染成为全球性关注的环境问题。本文综述了重金属废水的危害、来源及常用处理方法,比较了不同类型活性炭处理废水中重金属离子的差异,阐述了不同类型活性炭处理技术的优势和特点,并对今后的重金属废水处理技术研究方向进行了展望。     

生态约束下的湖滨土地利用研究——以四川省仁寿县黑龙滩镇为例

生态文明体制改革下围绕土地“三位一体”管理理念，强化土地利用生态管理是当今我国土地资源管理的综合思路，研究湖滨生态敏感区土地利用具有重要的生态价值和现实意义。以四川省仁寿县黑龙滩镇为实证研究区，通过构建数理量化模型和经济计量模型分析了2005~2015年间研究区湖滨土地利用状况，并差别化探讨了湖滨土地利用优化模式，提出了相关政策建议。研究表明:(1)黑龙滩镇湖滨土地利用多样化系数和均衡度在时序上变幅较小，在空间上低于全县平均水平，但总体上处于均衡状态。(2)黑龙滩镇湖滨土地利用生态安全总体为波动上升趋势，以2012年为拐点，安全状态由较安全向安全阶段转变，总体呈较安全状态。(3)黑龙滩镇湖滨土地利用生态安全主要受种植结构优化合理度、人口密度、地均牲畜量、水环境污染负荷、水土流失占比、单位耕地农药负荷的影响，其中人口密度与预期方向相反，种植结构优化合理度具有显著的正效应，其余的综合净效应为负。(4)针对黑龙滩镇湖滨土地利用变化状况以及生态安全保护需求与区域发展趋势，差别化地提出退耕还湖与持续利用生态模式、复合农业与生态种植发展模式、休闲农业与教育体验发展模式三类湖滨土地利用模式。综上提出了加强湖滨水土资源保护、优化湖滨农业结构布局和规范湖滨管理的政策建议。     

蓝藻资源化技术研究及应用进展

针对蓝藻资源化问题,概述国内外利用蓝藻制备有机肥、提取高纯度藻蓝蛋白、制备活性炭和藻粉这4种利用方式的特点、现状及应用进展。提出,应从高温好氧堆肥技术、藻蓝蛋白提取技术和藻水分离技术这3个方面,解决其关键技术问题并进行进一步研究开发。     

武汉市生态系统服务功能对城市用地扩张的响应机理

针对当前生态系统服务功能对城市用地扩张过程响应机理研究的不足,以武汉市为例,定量计算区域重要生态系统服务功能价值,探究城市用地扩张过程对生态系统服务的影响机理。结果表明:(1)1990～2015年,除水文调节的价值在2000～2005年略有增长,其余生态系统服务功能价值均呈负增长,降幅最大的是食物供给;(2)人口增长带来的生态系统服务功能的需求压力远远大于城市用地扩张对生态系统服务的直接破坏;(3)城市用地扩张对食物供给的破坏程度最大,对水文调节能力的破坏程度次之,对生物多样性和土壤保持的破坏程度相对较低。武汉市在未来的城市用地扩张中,应禁止侵占水域和森林的面积,调整农田的侵占结构,提高建设用地集约利用水平。     

Forest resources and household welfare: Empirical evidence from North Central Vietnam

Using secondary data from a socio-economic quantitative household survey of the North Central region of Vietnam, the main aim of our study is to analyze the causal effect of forest resources on household income and poverty. Based on the observed characteristics of a forest-based livelihood and forest-related activities, we use a propensity score matching (PSM) method to control for potential bias arising from self-selection. The PSM results indicate that households with a forest-based livelihood had a higher level of income and lower poverty rates than did those without. Interestingly, our findings confirm that a forest-based livelihood offers much higher income than any other type of livelihood adopted by local households. Also, the poverty rate among households with a forest-based livelihood is lower than those earning non-labor income or engaged in wage/crop and crop livelihoods. Among households and provinces, we find varying opportunities deriving from forest resources, suggesting that there are potential barriers hindering local households from pursuing a forest livelihood or participating in some forest activities. Therefore, government policy and regulations on forest management should focus on improving the access of households to forest resources, while enhancing the sustainability of these resources.     

A mini review of fluoride-induced apoptotic pathways

Fluorine or fluoride can have toxic effects on bone tissue and soft tissue at high concentrations. These negative effects include but not limited to cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, blood toxicity, and oxidative damage. Apoptosis plays an important role in fluoride-induced toxicity of kidney, liver, spleen, thymus, bursa of Fabricius, cecal tonsil, and cultured cells. Here, apoptosis activated by high level of fluoride has been systematically reviewed, focusing on three pathways: mitochondrion-mediated, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated, and death receptor-mediated pathways. However, very limited reports are focused on the death receptor-mediated apoptosis pathways in the fluoride-induced apoptosis. Therefore, understanding and discovery of more pathways and molecular mechanisms of fluoride-induced apoptosis may contribute to designing measures for preventing fluoride toxicity.     

加大对重点项目和民生项目建设的环境管理,充分发挥环评在产业结构调整、工业布局优化中的重要作用

加大对重点项目和民生项目建设的环境管理,充分发挥环评在产业结构调整、工业布局优化中的重要作用,是政府和环保部门当前必须认真对待的首要问题。     

水质氨氮在线监测仪发展现状

水中氨氮作为"十二五"国家重点控制污染指标,其在线监测设备的发展至关重要,本文主要介绍了目前中国市场上存在的主要水质氨氮在线监测仪的原理情况,并按照国家标准对其进行基本性能和实际水样测试的比较试验,为水质氨氮在线监测仪的应用提供参考。