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Jamrah A Al-Futaisi A Prathapar S Harrasi AA 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,137(1-3):315-327
This study aims to evaluate the potential of greywater availability in Muscat Governorate in the Sultanate of Oman, to establish
a methodology for greywater quantity estimation, to test greywater quality in order to assess reuse potential, and to examine
public acceptance for reuse.Total fresh water consumption and greywater generation from different household sources were measured
by water meters in five selected households during summer and winter. Additionally, a survey was designed and conducted in
five administrative areas of Muscat Governorate, with the objective of testing a methodology for estimating greywater generation
potential in these areas. Collected data were compared with that used by the Ministry of Housing, Electricity and Water, Sultanate
of Oman. The survey covered a total of 169 houses and 1,365 people. Greywater samples were collected and analyzed from showers,
laundries, kitchens and sinks in some of these households to determine their water quality parameters. Statistical analysis
results indicated that there is no significant variance in the total fresh water consumption between data used by the ministry
and those measured and estimated during this study, highlighting the applicability of the tested method. The study concluded
that the average per capita greywater generation rate is 151 Lpcd. Greywater production ranged from 80 to 83% of the total
fresh water consumption and most of the greywater is generated from showers. Further, 55 to 57% of the greywater generated
in a typical Omani household originated from the shower, 28 to 33% originated from the kitchen, 6 to 9% originated from laundry,
and 5 to 7% originated from sink, which constitutes approximately 81% of the total fresh water consumption. The physical,
chemical, and biological analyses of the grab samples revealed that greywater contains significant levels of suspended solids,
inorganic constituents, total organic carbon, chemical and biochemical oxygen demands, total Coliforms and Escherichia Coliform
bacteria. The public acceptance survey illustrated that approximately 76% of the respondents accepted the reuse of greywater
for gardening, 53% for car washing and 66% for toilet flushing. 相似文献
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Hauwa Atiku RMSR Mohamed AA Al-Gheethi AA Wurochekke Amir Hashim M. Kassim 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(24):24624-24641
The wide application of microalgae in the field of wastewater treatment and bioenergy source has improved research studies in the past years. Microalgae represent a good source of biomass and bio-products which are used in different medical and industrial activities, among them the production of high-valued products and biofuels. The present review focused on greywater treatment through the application of phycoremediation technique with microalgae and presented recent advances in technologies used for harvesting the microalgae biomass. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed. The microbiological aspects of production, harvesting and utilization of microalgae biomass are viewed. 相似文献
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