Pricing and coordination of waste electrical and electronic equipment under third-party recycling in a closed-loop supply chain

Waste electrical and electronic equipment have the potential environmental risks and resource value simultaneously. So the product recycling is very important. This paper studies on recycling problems of WEEE under the third-party recycling in a closed-loop supply chain. We take the following measures. Firstly, based on classifying the WEEE, we consider a revenue sharing and cost sharing contract as the coordination mechanism. Secondly, under centralized and decentralized decisions, we use the game analysis technology to determine the optimal pricing and profits, respectively. Finally, we conduct the number simulation to illustrate and validate the proposed models and provide managerial insights. The results show that when retailers sell new and second-hand products simultaneously, consumers become more sensitive to recycling prices, the profits of manufacturers, recyclers and CLSC increase. However, the retailers' profits decline.

     

乳制品废水纳滤膜法工艺中污染膜清洗方法研究

乳制品废水用纳滤膜法回用处理时,会纳滤膜因为膜污染而使膜通量下降,采用化学清洗可使膜通量恢复。文章研究了单种清洗剂、组合清洗的清洗效果,考察了清洗时间和清洗剂浓度对膜通量恢复率的影响。研究结果表明:采用单一清洗剂效果不显著,组合清洗效果明显,清洗剂浓度和清洗时间均存在最佳值。且当用清水清洗10min,用35~40℃、pH=10.5NaOH溶液清洗30min,用0.3%H2O2碱液清洗20min,最后用2%柠檬酸清洗30min后膜通量恢复率达到90%以上。