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Ralph A. Chapman C.M. Tu C.R. Harris Carol Harris 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):489-497
Abstract Disappearance rates of 10 ppm technical diflubenzuron (N(((4‐chloro‐phenyl)amino)carbonyl)‐2,6‐diflurobenzamide, Dimilin®) and BAY SIR 8514 (2‐chloro‐N(((4‐trifluoromethoxyphenyl)amino)carbonyl)benzamide) applied on quartz sand to natural sandy loam and muck soils were significantly greater than for the corresponding sterilized soils, e.g. 47–51% vs. 68–87% BAY SIR 8514 and 2–12% vs. 80–87% diflubenzuron remaining at 12 wk, indicating that soil microorganisms play a major role in their degradation. Kinetic analysis of the data based on a first order dependence on the insecticide concentration showed that the rate constants for these disappearance reactions decreased with time. 相似文献
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甲壳素是一种重要的再生资源。本文介绍了目前国内外甲壳素资源综合利用的现状及其发展趋势,并从科技进步的角度出发,结合国家现行科技政策、管理体制,以及水产资源的开发和利用等若干问题提出对策分析. 相似文献
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Adsorption of Reactive Dye on Chitin 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
G. Annadurai M. Chellapandian M. R. V. Krishnan 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1999,59(1):111-119
The adsorption of reactive dye on chitin has been investigated with a view to obtain the design data for batch processing of effluents for dye adsorption. The effect of several factors governing the dye adsorption such as the adsorbent concentration, adsorbent size, temperature and pH have been elicited. Desorption of the dye at different temperatures and pH have also been investigated. 相似文献
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采用化学方法,研究了以巯基甲壳质制备巯基酯化壳聚糖的最佳合成方案。研究表明,巯基甲壳质的脱乙酰条件(包括时间、温度、氢氧化钠浓度)影响其产物巯基酯化壳聚糖对重金属镉离子的吸附效果。当脱乙酰时间为2 h,温度为160℃,氢氧化钠浓度为20%时,20 mg的合成产物对30 mL Cd2+浓度为20 mg/L水样的去除率最高,达到85.46%,其对镉离子的吸附量达到28.5 mg/g。通过对产物进行红外分析发现,巯基甲壳质中出现脂基特征峰值,脱乙酰后脂基并没有消失,证明最后的产物为巯基酯化壳聚糖。 相似文献
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Shigehiro Hirano Shuntaro Kitaura Nozomi Sasaki Hiroaki Sakaguchi Masafumi Sugiyama Kunihiko Hashimoto Akira Tanatani 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》1996,4(4):261-265
Chitin biodegradation and wounded bark tissue healing were demonstrated in several evergreen and deciduous trees by dressing with a sheet of chitin-containing films or sponges. Chitinase activities in the tree bark tissues around the wounds were enhanced by this treatment up to four times those of the untreated wounds. Significant seasonal changes of chitinase activities were observed with the bark and leaf tissues of deciduous trees, but few with those of evergreen trees. A sheet of chitin films implanted or dressed in the tree bark tissues was biodegraded within 4 to 24 weeks after implantation and was assimilated into the wounded bark tissues, resulting in the stimulation of the wounded bark tissue healing. 相似文献
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本文综述了从水产加工废弃物虾、蟹壳中制取甲壳素和壳聚糖的方法。简要介绍了甲壳素和壳聚糖及其衍生物的开发应用现状,供有关方面充分利用甲壳素资源参考。 相似文献
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甲壳素和壳聚糖在水处理中的应用 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
介绍了天然有机高分子化合物——甲壳素和壳聚糖的制备、化学结构和特性,阐述了其在水处理中的应用及发展前景。甲壳素和壳聚糖的来源广泛,其性能优良、无毒、无公害、可生物降解,可用作吸附剂、絮凝剂、分离膜材料、离子交换剂和杀菌剂,是一类非常有开发利用前景的新型水处理材料。 相似文献
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为了提高甲壳素对Pb2+吸附性能,采用2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧基(TEMPO)/次氯酸钠(NaClO)/溴化钠(NaBr)氧化体系对甲壳素羧基化改性.采用FTIR、Solid 13C-NMR、XRD和SEM-EDX等对羧基甲壳素结构和形貌进行表征,考察了不同NaClO用量制备的羧基甲壳素、溶液pH值、Pb(Ⅱ)初始浓度、吸附时间和离子强度对吸附量的影响,利用XPS探究其吸附机理.结果表明,氧化改性不改变甲壳素的晶型,羧基出现在甲壳素晶体表面;NaClO用量和溶液pH值对吸附量影响显著,pH值为4.0~6.0,NaClO用量为30mL制备的羧基甲壳素吸附效果好,60min达到平衡,室温下饱和吸附量达233.64mg/g;吸附动力学符合准二阶动力学方程,吸附等温线符合Freundlich等温吸附模型,吸附机理包括静电作用、络合配位和离子交换. 相似文献