微波促进含Cr(VI)-H2O2体系降解甲基橙溶液的研究

研究了微波辐射下Cr(VI)－H₂O₂催化降解甲基橙溶液的行为，探索了微波功率、微波辐射时间、pH值、H₂O₂浓度、Cr(VI)等对甲基橙溶液脱色率和COD去除率的影响。研究结果表明，Cr(VI)-H₂O₂能形成类Fenton体系；微波辐射可提高H₂O₂产生羟基自由基(·OH)的效率。1000 mg/L的甲基橙溶液，在Cr(VI)浓度为10.0 mmol/L、pH值为2.5、H₂O₂浓度为20.0 mmol/L、微波功率为700W下加热2 min，甲基橙溶液的脱色率为99.2%，COD去除率为82.8%。     

改性稻壳生物炭对水溶液中甲基橙的吸附效果与机制

本文以废弃稻壳为原料,通过不同改性方法将其制成生物炭吸附剂,并用于水体中甲基橙(MO)的吸附.通过氮吸附、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶转换红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜分析(SEM)、热重分析(TG)、透射电镜(TEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等技术分析了改性剂种类、浸渍比和热解温度对生物炭的物理化学性质及对MO吸附量的影响,发现热解温度为400℃,以ZnCl_2为改性剂,浸渍比为2∶1时制备的生物炭Z2RT400对MO的去除效果最好.以Z2RT400为吸附剂,探究吸附剂添加量、吸附时间、初始污染物浓度、溶液pH等对甲基橙吸附效果的影响,结果表明,饱和吸附时间为420 min,吸附反应的最佳pH为4,当吸附剂用量为10 mg,初始甲基橙浓度为2 000 mg·L~(-1)时,Z2RT400对MO的最大吸附量可达1 967. 72 mg·g~(-1);当吸附剂添加量为80 mg时,去除率最高可达99. 52%.此外,对吸附机制进行分析,发现吸附等温线数据符合Freundlich模型,吸附动力学数据符合拟二级动力学模型,说明吸附以化学吸附为主,物理吸附为辅.因此,废弃稻壳为原料改性制备的生物炭可作为高效的有机染料吸附剂,并应用于水体中污染物的治理.     

Simulation and Trend Analysis of the Water Quality Monitoring Daily Data in Nestos River Delta. Contribution to the Sustainable Management and Results for the Years 2000–2002

The transboundary River Nestos in the Balkan Peninsula is a surface water resource shared by Hellas and Bulgaria. The Public Power Corporation of Hellas (DEH) proceeded to the dams' construction of Thesaurus in 1997 and Platanovrissi in 2000, to satisfy the increased needs for power production and irrigation in the Regions of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace in the Hellenic Territory. DEH following the Ministerial Agreement of the Hellenic Parliament ‘`KYA 18492/19—09—1996’' funded a series of Research Projects concerned on the monitoring of the water quantity and quality data of Nestos from the Hellenic-Bulgarian borders to its estuaries in the Thracian sea. ‘`PERSEAS’' Research Group from Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, carried out the research, design, construction, installation, operation and maintenance of the ‘`R.E.MO.S.’' (Remote Environmental MOnitoring System) networks. Three REMOS networks have been installed in the areas of (a) the River Nestos deltaic channel, (b) Thesaurus dam-lake in the intramountainous valley and (c) Potamoi (Despat) and Pagoneri (Nestos) villages close to the borders between Hellas and Bulgaria. They record water level (H), water and air temperature (T), water conductivity (ECw), Redox potential (RP) and dissolved oxygen (DO) on a 24h basis, since the beginning of the year 2000. The research carried out in this paper, is focused on the REMOS station in the final course of Nestos in the deltaic area. The continuous monitoring and the data analysis yield useful results for the quality and quantity of the hydrologic regime of Nestos after the dams' construction, as well as for the trends detected of the quality parameters (ECw, RP and DO) and the water level, using the nonparametric Spearman's criterion. The best fitted model of time trend, for each variable, was chosen. The statistical sample of each one of the quality variables consisted of about 1000 values based on daily measures on a three years monitoring program (1/1/2000—31/12/2002). Further research and analysis for the other network stations of REMOS should provide useful results for the sustainable management of the transboundary River Nestos.     

g-C3N4/Bi2S3复合物的制备及可见光催化降解MO

采用简单溶剂热方法成功合成可见光催化剂g-C_3N_4/Bi_2S_3.合理地利用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶红外光谱分析仪(FTIR)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM、HRTEM)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-vis DRS)等表征手段对合成的样品进行了表征.与纯g-C_3N_4和Bi_2S_3相比,g-C_3N_4/Bi_2S_3复合物对甲基橙(MO)的可见光催化降解具有更高的降解效率.根据能带分析结果,电子-空穴对的有效分离增强了光催化效率.此外,提出了g-C_3N_4/Bi_2S_3对MO的光催化降解过程以阐明降解机制.提供了一种经济简单并易于规模化扩大开发可见光响应催化剂的方法,并在废水处理中具有潜在的应用价值.     

黄麻纤维活性炭对亚甲基蓝和甲基橙吸附动力学

以黄麻纤维为原料，采用磷酸活化法制备活性炭。研究黄麻纤维活性炭对亚甲基蓝和甲基橙2种染料的吸附行为。结果表明，采用磷酸制备的活性炭，由于表面含有羧基和含磷官能团等酸性基团，能够促进活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附；黄麻纤维活性炭对2种染料的平衡吸附量、初始吸附速率均随着初始浓度的增加而升高；相同条件下，黄麻纤维活性炭对亚甲基蓝的平衡吸附量大于甲基橙；黄麻纤维活性炭对两种染料的吸附行为更符合准二级动力学模型。     

铬掺杂TiO2液相沉积膜可见光下降解甲基橙研究

实验用液相沉积法制备铬掺杂改性的二氧化钛(Cr-TiO2)薄膜电极,并在可见光下利用制备的电极对甲基橙溶液(MO)进行光电降解实验研究.并对制备的薄膜进行光电流(I-t)、交流阻抗(EIS)和Mott-Schottky等电化学相关表征.当掺杂浓度为0.2％时,薄膜电极具有最好的光电催化活性.在以0.2％ Cr-TiO2...     

基于MO的饮用水源保护区划信息系统的设计与初步实现

应用组件式GIS,数据库技术在VB平台下,结合专业数学应用模型建立饮用水源地信息数据库,并使用MO控件设计并初步开发了饮用水源保护区划信息系统。     

不同制备条件对TiO2薄膜形貌结构、晶体结构及光电催化性能的影响

采用阳极氧化法以HNO3/乙二醇/水为电解液制备不同形貌特征的TiO2薄膜,研究阳极氧化电压、氧化时间和退火温度等参数对TiO2薄膜形貌结构的影响,并利用一级动力学反应进一步探究不同制备条件对光电催化活性的影响.利用场发射扫描电镜(SEM)对TiO2纳米薄膜形貌结构进行表征,并通过X射线衍射(XRD)分析TiO2纳米薄膜的晶相组成、晶粒尺寸.结果表明,不同制备条件对TiO2纳米薄膜的形貌结构有着显著的影响.阳极氧化电压与氧化时间交互影响其形貌结构和光催化活性.当阳极氧化电压为40 V、氧化10 rin,500℃退火1h制备得到的TiO2纳米薄膜光电催化活性最高.     

Optimization of methyl orange removal from aqueous solution by response surface methodology using spent tea leaves as adsorbent

The effective disposal of redundant tea waste is crucial to environmental protection and comprehensive utilization of trash resources. In this work, the removal of methyl orange （MO） from aqueous solution using spent tea leaves as the sorbent was investigated in a batch experiment. First, the effects of various parameters such as temperature, adsorption time, dose of spent tea leaves, and initial concentration of MO were investigated. Then, the response surface methodology （RSM）, based on Box- Behnken design, was employed to obtain the optimum adsorption conditions. The optimal conditions could be obtained at an initial concentration of MO of 9.75 mg·L-1, temperature of 35.3℃, contact time of 63.8 min, and an adsorbent dosage 3.90 g· L-1. Under the optimized condi- tions, the maximal removal of MO was 58.2%. The results indicate that spent tea leaves could be used as an effective and economical adsorbent in the removal of MO from aqueous solution.     

水浮莲干体对甲基橙的吸附研究

研究了水浮莲干体对模拟染料废水中甲基橙(MO)的吸附行为,考察吸附时间、溶液初始pH值、水浮莲干体用量和MO初始质量浓度等因素对MO吸附的影响.结果表明,在MO溶液初始pH值为5.5、初始质量浓度为25 mg·L-1条件下,添加12.5g·L-1粒径为0.250～0.425 mm的水浮莲干体,于25℃条件下以120 r·min-1振荡吸附90 min后,MO吸附率可达72.1％.酸性环境有利于MO吸附;一定范围内,水浮莲干体用量的增加以及MO初始浓度的升高都会导致吸附率升高.水浮莲干体对MO的吸附过程更符合Freundlich吸附等温方程,Lagergren准二级动力学方程更适合模拟其吸附动力学行为.随温度升高,MO平衡吸附量呈减少趋势.水浮莲干体及浸出液中Cr、Ni、Cu、As、Cd和Pb含量远低于GB 5085.3-2007 《危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别》中的限量值,因此将水浮莲干体作为新型吸附剂应用于染料废水处理,不会导致二次污染.