Intra- and inter- laboratory variability in paper industry PCDD/PCDF analysis

Studies were conducted to quantify variability for pulp industry wastewater effluent, pulp and sludge analyses. Intralaboratory variability studies indicated that there is a potential for greater between batch variability in results than for within a batch. Intralaboratory relative standard deviations for replicate analyses ranged from 6% to 60%. Interlaboratory studies, using standard reference materials showed relative standard deviations from 4% to 135%. There appeared to be little dependance of variability on concentration, suggesting matrix effects were very important. In general, effluent variability was greater than observed for pulps or sludges. Analysis of reference standards indicated that 13% to 17% variability can be attributed to differences in calibration standards. A limited study of full congener PCDD/PCDF analysis variability showed it to be greater than observed for TCDD/TCDF.     

质谱/质谱法快速检出国产五氯酚中的痕量剧毒杂质—四氯二苯并呋喃

多氯二苯并二(口恶)(口英)(PCDD)及多氯二苯并呋喃(PCDF)是化学结构相象的二组剧毒化合物.1976年意大利的Seveso发生污染事件后,它们对人体的伤害及生态环境的影响受到了世界上环境学家和生态学家的广泛重视.PCDD和PCDF各有75个和135个异构体,其毒性差别可达1000—10000倍,其中的十个异构体(包括2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并二(口恶)(口英),TCDD)已被列入对动物具有最大毒性的一批天然和人为毒物之内,它们会引起肝损伤、氯痤疮、神经系统损伤及致突变、致畸、致癌.急性皮肤毒性的LD_(50)值为1—100μg/kg,对猴子的LD_(50)值,TCDD是30—70μg/kg,TCDF是1000μg/kg,Kara-sek建议人体(50kg体重)对TCDD和TCDF的允许暴露水平是2 pg/day(致癌性).这类化合物具有脂溶性,易被土壤吸附,在自然环境中代谢降解速度缓慢,从而增加了环境     

质谱/质谱法快速检出国产五氯酚中的痕量剧毒杂质—四氯二苯并呋喃

多氯二苯并二（口恶）（口英）（PCDD）及多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDF）是化学结构相象的二组剧毒化合物.1976年意大利的Seveso发生污染事件后,它们对人体的伤害及生态环境的影响受到了世界上环境学家和生态学家的广泛重视.PCDD和PCDF各有75个和135个异构体,其毒性差别可达1000—10000倍,其中的十个异构体（包括2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并二（口恶）（口英）,TCDD）已被列入对动物具有最大毒性的一批天然和人为毒物之内,它们会引起肝损伤、氯痤疮、神经系统损伤及致突变、致畸、致癌.急性皮肤毒性的LD₅₀值为1—100μg/kg,对猴子的LD₅₀值,TCDD是30—70μg/kg,TCDF是1000μg/kg,Kara-sek建议人体（50kg体重）对TCDD和TCDF的允许暴露水平是2 pg/day（致癌性）.这类化合物具有脂溶性,易被土壤吸附,在自然环境中代谢降解速度缓慢,从而增加了环境.