无杀生剂型防污涂料的研究进展

综述了几种无杀生剂的防污涂料包括低表面能防污涂料、仿生防污涂料、表面自愈型防污涂料等的研究现状。阐述了该类防污涂料商品化产品的应用现状,其中国外公司的低表面能防污涂料,如阿克苏诺贝尔旗下IP公司的Intersleek系列、JOTUN公司的Sealion Repulse等占据着中国防污涂料市场80%以上的份额,并对该类涂料的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Mass transport of organic contaminants through a self-sealing/self-healing mineral landfill liner

The self-sealing/self-healing (SS/SH) liner system is based on the fundamental principle that an impermeable seal is self-formed and self-healed by the pozzolanic reaction at the interface between two adjacent reactive layers. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of contaminants on the performance of an SS/SH liner used as a hydraulic barrier, to understand mechanism of volatile organic compound (VOC) sorption on the SS/SH materials, and to estimate the mass transport parameters of contaminants through the SS/SH liner materials. The hydraulic conductivity of the liner material decreased continuously with time, and stabilized at less than 1 × 10^–7cm/s after approximately 15 days. It is known that the seal at the interface between two reactive layers is self-formed over time, and this contributes to the decrease in the hydraulic conductivity of such a liner system. The retardation of the seven target VOCs tested was greater in the SS/SH liner materials than in a clayey soil specimen owing to the higher sorption capacity. An analytical solution developed to test column equipment could reduce the time required to estimate the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficients of organic compounds by using the data on changes in concentration in the upper reservoir of the column.     

一种船舶自修复防腐涂料的制备与表征

以脲醛树脂为囊壁、复合环氧树脂为囊芯,采用原位聚合法成功合成了脲醛树脂包覆环氧树脂体系微胶囊。采用扫描电子显微镜观察微胶囊的表面形貌,测量微胶囊的壁厚;利用红外光谱分析判定微胶囊壁材是否形成,芯材是否被完整包覆。结果表明,应用一步原位聚合法可以制备包覆完整、均匀分散、含有特殊芯材的微胶囊。合成的微胶囊形状基本呈球形,粒径分布均匀,平均粒径约为100μm;胶囊表面粗糙致密,粗糙表面主要是由纳米微胶囊沉积而成。微胶囊表面粗糙度的增加有利于增加微胶囊与基体的接触面积,改善微胶囊与基体的界面粘结力,从而提高自修复材料的修复效率。     

海洋环境中自修复涂层研究进展

论述了自修复材料的研究进展,并以自修复诱导方式为依据,概述了机械刺激、热刺激、电刺激、光刺激、pH刺激等自修复方式。综述了海洋环境中水触发型、pH敏感型、磁性梯度型、大尺寸破损修补型等自修复涂层研究进展,总结了每种涂层的自修复机理,展望了海洋环境中自修复涂层的发展方向。     

聚乙二醇为软段聚氨酯自修复涂层性能研究

目的设计并制备一种特殊分子结构的新型聚氨酯,并将其形状记忆性能应用于涂层自修复。通过与市售同类涂层进行性能对比,更为严谨科学地评测新型自修复涂层的性能。方法以羟甲基丁酸、二甲基甲酰胺作为扩链剂,采用聚乙二醇为分子链软段,以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯为硬段,采用溶液聚合法得到水性聚氨酯。设置对照组,涂以不同聚氨酯涂层,进行加速腐蚀试验。使用体视显微镜测试、傅氏转换红外光谱分析、热重分析、电化学工作站对聚氨酯的表面形貌、化学结构、热性、极化特性及交流阻抗等性能指标参数进行测试。结果同等划痕处理情况下,所制备的自修复聚氨酯各项性能明显优于市面上使用的聚氨酯有机涂层材料性能。结论具有形状记忆性能的聚氨酯具有良好的自修复性能,可用于自修复涂层的成膜物。     

室温固化的二元自修复防腐涂层制备与性能研究

目的研制一种室温中具备自修复性能的金属防腐涂层。方法将自制的室温固化剂DG593自修复微胶囊与酚醛环氧树脂F-51自修复微胶囊添加至金属防腐涂层中,通过探讨微胶囊含量对涂层力学性能、耐腐蚀性能、修复性能的影响,确定最优微胶囊添加量,并研究涂层在室温下自修复所需时间。结果微胶囊含量对于涂层的力学性能和修复性能具有显著影响,当质量分数为15%时,涂层具有较好的修复能力的同时,保持良好的力学性能,涂层室温自修复时间为6 h。结论自修复防腐涂层具备良好的耐腐蚀性,研究成果可以为金属自修复防腐涂料的发展提供参考。