低温条件下絮体破碎再絮凝去除水中颗粒的研究

为了了解低温条件下絮体的形成/破碎/再絮凝过程在适当条件下对絮凝去除水中颗粒物的强化效果,采用PDA2000透光率脉动检测仪对絮凝破碎再絮凝过程进行了在线监测.研究结果表明,当电中和机理占主导作用时(混凝剂投加量小于0.1 mmol·L-1),絮体破碎后能重新絮凝,絮体大小能恢复到破碎之前;而当网捕卷扫机理占主导作用时(混凝剂投加量大于0.2 mmol·L-1),絮体的恢复情况不如电中和条件,再絮凝能力降低.投加适量的腐殖酸会增加絮体破碎前后的分形维数,但过量的腐殖酸则会降低破碎前后絮体的分形维数.絮体破碎再絮凝后其分形维数比破碎前高.腐殖酸的投加量并不会明显影响絮凝和破碎后再絮凝的FI指数.电中和絮体破碎前初始絮凝时间越长破碎后沉后水浊度越低,破碎后其浊度会比破碎前显著减小.较低投量的铝盐就能使得沉后水浊度降到很低,因此可以降低混凝剂投量而达到更好的水处理效果.     

Wild fire impact on copper, zinc, lead and cadmium distribution in soil and relation with abundance in selected plants of Lamiaceae family from Vidlic Mountain (Serbia)

Fire has been considered as an improving factor in soil quality, but only if it is controlled. Severe wild fire occurred in the summer 2007 on the Vidlic Mountain (Serbia) overspreading a huge area of meadows and forests.Main soil characteristics and content of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn) in different fractions obtained after sequential extraction of soil from post-fire areas and from fire non disturbed areas were studied. In four plant species of Lamiaceae family (Ajuga genevensis L., Lamium galeobdolon (L.) L., Teucrium chamaedrys L., Acinos alpinus (L.) Moench.), that grow in typical habitats of the mountain, distribution of heavy metals in aerial parts and roots was investigated too.For all samples from post-fire area cation exchange capacity and soil organic matter content are increased while rH is decreased. Fire caused slightly increased bioavailability of the observed metals but more significant rise happened in metal amounts bound to oxides and organics. The plants showed variable behavior. T. chamaedrys collected on the post-fire area contained elevated concentrations of all analyzed metals. A. alpinus showed higher phytoaccumulation for Zn and Cd, while the other two plant species for Pb and Cd in the post-fire areas.