教你利用厨房里的抗癌佳品

据世界卫生组织统计,每年世界上有1000万人患上癌症,而死于癌症的人数约6万,占全球死亡人数的12%。我国每年新增癌症患者180万,癌症的发病率呈急剧上升趋势。近20年来,胃癌一直是我国最多发肿瘤,新病例数基本保持了世界胃癌总数的1/3以上,而肝癌、食管癌的新病例数占全球发病数的一半或一半以上。其中胃、肝、食管、结直肠、口咽肿瘤居于我国多发肿瘤前几位。其实,在厨房里有很多抗癌食物,只要善于利用,在一定程度上可以达到抗癌     

Effect of chromium on accumulation and antioxidants in Cucumis utillissimus L.: Response under enhanced bioavailability condition

This study compares the accumulation of Cr(VI) and biochemical changes (total chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein, malondialdehyde (MDA) and cysteine contents) and roles of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX)) in tolerance to metal induced stress in Cucumis utillissimus L. grown in Cr contaminated soil (CS) with garden soil (GS). Furthermore, Cr bioavailability was enhanced by ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) addition to the soil to forecast the plant’s accumulation pattern at elevated Cr environment. Accumulation of Cr in the leaves of the plant increased with increase in substrate metals concentration. It further increased with the addition of EDTA by 1437% and 487% in GS and CS, respectively at the highest treatment level. The lipid peroxidation increased proportionately with increase in Cr accumulation in the leaves. All the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPX and APX) and the level of cysteine increased with dose dependant manner. SOD and cysteine were observed to be higher in the GS than in CS, but APX and GPX were found to be higher in CS than in GS. The increase in GPX and APX activities with the increase in Cr concentration could be assumed that these two enzymes have a major role in the defense mechanism towards stress induced by Cr in C. utillissimus.     

多相催化湿式氧化法处理高浓度难降解有机废水的研究

在高压反应釜内，采用自制颗粒贵金属催化剂催化湿式氧化法处理高浓度饲料抗氧化剂合成废水，探讨了温度、压力、进水pH等反应条件对废水处理效果的影响。在温度为220℃、总压为8MPa条件下，COD，TOC，TN和色度的去除率分别达到77．0％，66．1％，70．2％，91％；处理后的废水pH很低，催化剂显示出较好的耐酸性；随进水pH的增加，COD的去除率逐渐降低，出水pH增加。     

Antioxidant responses to benzo[a]pyrene, tributyltin and their mixture in the spleen of Sebasticus marmoratus

It has been reported that there is an interaction between Benzo[a]pyrene （BaP）, a widespread carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and tributyltin （TBT）, an organometal used as an antifouling biocide. This study was therefore designed to examine the potential in vivo influence of BaP, TBT and their mixture on splenic antioxidant defense systems of Sebastiscus marmoratus. The fish were exposed to water containing environmentally relevant concentrations of BaP, TBT and their mixture. Spleens were collected for biochemical analysis after exposure for 7, 25, 50 d and after recovery for 7, 20 d. Cotreatment with BaP and TBT for 7 d potentiated the induction of glutathione peroxidase （GPx） activity by BaP or TBT alone. The cotreatment for 25 and 50 d resulted in inhibition of GPx activity, which was similar to the effect of TBT. Splenic glutathione S-transferase （GST） activities were significantly elevated in S. marmoratus exposed to BaP starting from 7 d and remained high up to 25 d. However, no further activity change was found with prolonged exposure. Cotreatment of BaP and TBT primarily inhibited the GST activity, which was similar to the effect of TBT. Cotreatment with BaP and TBT for 25 or 50 d potentiated the depletion of GSH （glutathione） by BaP or TBT alone. MDA （malondialdehyde） contents in spleen of S. marmoratus were not significantly altered compared with the control during the test period. Spleen, as an immune organ, is sensitive to exposure of BaP or TBT. It should have an effective mechanism to counteract oxidative damage. Antioxidative defense systems in spleen of S. marmoratus should be considered as potential biomarkers. Short-term exposure of BaP or TBT could result in induction of antioxidant defense system. A significant decrease of these indices, such as GSH, GST, GPx might indicate more severe contamination.     

Effects of cerium on growth and physiological mechanism in plants under enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation

Effect of cerium （Ce^3＋） on the growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme system in rape seedlings （Brassica juncea L.） exposed to two levels of UV-B radiation （T1： 0.15 W/m^2 and T2：0.35 W/m^2） was studied by hydroponics under laboratory conditions. After 5 d of UV-B treatment, the aboveground growth indices were obviously decreased by 13.2%-44. 1%（T1） and 21.4%-49.3% （T2）, compared to CK, and except active absorption area of roots, the belowground indices by 14.1%-35.6%（T1） and 20.3%-42.6% （T2）. For Ce＋UV-B treatments, the aboveground and belowground growth indices were decreased respectively by 4.1%-23.6%, 5.2% -23.3%（Ce＋T1） and 10.8%-28.4%, 7.0%-27.8%（Ce＋T2）, lower than those of UV-B treatments. The decrease of growth indices appeared to be the result of changes of physiological processes. Two levels of UV-B radiation induced the decrease in chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency by 11.2%-25.9%（T1） and 20.9%- 56.9%（T2）, whereas increase in membrane permeability and activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase （CAT） and peroxidase （POD） by 6.9%, 22.8%, 21.5%, 9.5%（T1） and 36.6%, 122.3%, 103.5%, 208.9%（T2）, respectively. The reduction of the photosynthetic parameters in Ce＋UV-B treatments was lessened to 3.2%-13.8%（Ce＋T1） and 4.9%-27.6%（Ce＋T2）, and the increase of membrane permeability and activities of antioxidant enzymes except POD in the same treatments were lessened to 2.4%, 8.4%, 6.6%（Ce＋T1） and 30.1%, 116.7%, 75.4%（Ce＋T2）. These results indicate that the regulative effect of Ce on photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymatic function is the ecophysiological basis of alleviating the suppression of UV-B radiation on growth of seedlings. Furthermore, the protective effect of Ce on seedlings exposed to TI level of UV-B radiation is superior to T2 level.     

甘草废渣的开发利用技术

叙述了以生产75％甘草酸后排出的甘草废渣为原料，用溶剂法和超临界CO2萃取技术生产甘草浸膏及提取抗菌抗氧化剂的技术。     

为你细数五种最有营养的紫色食物

<正>我们知道,各种颜色的蔬菜都是有着不同的营养价值的,而最近受到大家热议的就是紫色食物,都知道紫色的食物营养价值是比较丰富的,所以下面我们就给大家说说日常生活中紫色食物的常见的种类吧。蓝莓蓝莓被称为"超级水果",是含有花青素最多的蔬果,除了抗衰老,还可预防结肠癌、改善视力、消除眼部疲劳。     

食品添加剂都是有害的吗

从染色馒头到牛肉膏,再到毒豆芽,这些有关食品安全的敏感问题频频曝光在百姓面前。现在人们对食品添加剂是谈虎色变,有着很大的担忧。那么食品中有哪些添加剂?长期食用到底有没有危害?我们在选购食品的时候如何仔细看、明白吃?带着这些疑问,本刊特别专访中国农业大学食品学院营养与食品安全系副教授、食品科学博士范志红,为您揭开食品添加剂的种种疑惑。     

果蔬中的抗癌高手

癌症,这一人类尚未完全攻克的疾病,至今仍吞噬着许多人的生命,使我们谈"癌"色变。据俄罗斯《真理报》报道,诱发癌症的原因可能有很多,而且并非所有原因都为人所熟知。但有些诱因医生们非常了解,比如营养不良。日常饮食对健康至关重要,专家们指出,只要平时有意识地摄入一些"抗癌"食品,我们患