微波高压络合消解石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定环境空气中锑

用有机滤膜采集空气中颗粒物样品,用微波高压络合消解后制成样品溶液。用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法可确定样品溶液中锑的浓度。该方法具有对有机滤膜和样品消解完全,省时,无损失,灵敏度高,准确度、精密度好等特点。     

微波消解-原子吸收光度法测定土壤中铜锌铅镉镍铬

用微波消解－原子吸收光度法测定土壤中铜，锌，铅，镉，镍和铬。通过硝酸－氢氟酸－过氧化氢体系消解液对土壤样品消解，选择出微波最佳消解条件。对硝酸－盐酸－过氧化氢体系消解液和硝酸－氢氟酸－过氧化氢体系消解液进行消解对比试验，发现前者不能将土壤样品完全消解，后者能将样品消解完全，但需将消解液中剩余的酸赶尽，否则测定结果将明显偏低。微波消解土壤与传统电热消解相比，操作简便快速，可提高工作效率。     

微波联合消解流动注射光度法测定水中总氮和总磷

利用微波联合消解水样,采用流动注射分析技术,建立了在线测定水中总氮和总磷的快速分析方法.优化了试验条件,在线性范围内,总氮和总磷的工作曲线线性关系良好,检出限分别为0.03 mg/L和0.01 mg/L,相对标准偏差分别为1.5%和1.2%,加标回收率分别为96.7%～103%和98.8%～102%.     

放射性废物微波真空干燥处理器的漏能防护

介绍了放射性废物微波真空干燥处理器的微波漏能现状及所采取的防护措施。监测结果表明，经过防护，有效地减弱了设备的微波漏能，达到了国家防护标准。     

Dechlorination of polyvinyl chloride in NaOH/ethylene glycol solution by microwave heating

This study investigated the dehydrochlorination of flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) containing 59.2% PVC, 29.7% dioctyl phthalate (DOP), and approximately 12% stabilizers. Flexible PVC was treated with NaOH/ethylene glycol (NaOH/EG) solutions at NaOH concentrations in the range 0.5–4 mol/l and was heated in a microwave heater at a temperature between 100° and 160°C for 0–30 min. All chlorides were completely eliminated by internal heating at 160°C using microwaves for 10 min in a 1 mol/l NaOH/EG solution, and the residue was made up of hydrocarbons. The weight loss rate reached a maximum of 74.7% at a temperature of 160°C. It was discovered that the use of microwaves significantly shortened the reaction time compared to using conventional electric heaters or other external heating systems and also allowed the use of lower concentrations of NaOH. Chemical Feedstock Recycling & Other Innovative Recycling Techniques 6     

标准加入法测定生态水泥中的重金属

基于实验提出用标准加入法测定生态水泥中的重金属含量。包括微波辅助酸消解水泥试样,分离干扰元素,分取试液加入一定量待测元素标液,AAS测定等程序。文章选择具代表性的生态水泥,经试验确定了有关实验参数,通过建立标准曲线明确了实验条件下的线性范围、检出限。重复性试验表明各元素相对标准偏差在2.3%～9.3%之间。采用基底相似的土壤标样按标准加入法作回收试验,得到回收率在90%～96%之间。     

微波消解/ICP-AES法分析冶炼厂固废中重金属

分析固体废物中金属元素全量分析的微波消解条件,通过实验确定样品的粉碎粒度、消解功率、消解温度、消解时间等因素对样品消解效果的影响,以等离子发射光谱测定冶炼厂固体废物中24种痕量金属元素,通过测定的检出限、精密度、准确度,确立冶炼厂固体废物痕量金属全量分析检测方法准确高效。     

微波消解-火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定固体废物中的钡

采用微波消解法对固体废物浸出液样品进行前处理,采用乙炔-空气火焰原子吸收法测定钡的含量,检出限为2．04mg／L,加标回收率为94．5％,精密度为4．85％-6．81％。     

微波消解—火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定土壤中的钴、钼

土壤样品的传统消解方法是用电热板硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸体系,消解时间长,试剂用量大,对操作人员身体危害大,并且测定结果也不准确。本文阐述了微波消解——原子吸收分光光度法测定土壤中的钴、钼。通过硝酸-盐酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸消解体系,选择出微波消解的最佳消解条件,通过对微波消解体系和传统消解体系进行对比试验,微波消解体系具有赶酸时间短,准确度高,对人体危害小,是一种值得推广的土壤消解方法。     

Inactivation of Ascaris eggs in soil by microwave treatment compared to UV and ozone treatment

This study reports on the effect of microwave radiation for inactivation of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in 25 g of soil compared to ultraviolet irradiation and ozone expose. Microwave radiation at 700 W with 14% water content (w/w) achieved approximately 2.5 log inactivation of eggs in soil within 60 s. On the other hand, UV irradiation at 3 mW cm⁻² with and without shaking soil for 3600 s achieved approximately 0.32 and 0.01 log inactivation of eggs, respectively. In ozone treatment, 0.13 log inactivation of eggs was achieved with 5.8 ± 0.7 mg L⁻¹ of dissolved ozone dose for 30 min in a continuous diffusion reactor. In addition, the inactivation of eggs by three disinfection techniques was conducted in water in order to compare the inactivation efficiency of eggs in soil. The inactivation efficiency of microwave radiation was found to be no significant difference between in soil and water. However, the inactivation efficiency of UV irradiation was significantly increased in water while in ozone expose there was no significant difference between in soil and water. Microwave treatment thus proved to be the most efficient method in controlling A. lumbricoides eggs in soil.