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排序方式: 共有105条查询结果,搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
Dr. Linda A. Cannizzaro Barbara K. Hecht Helen A. Bixenman Stephen Pazdziorko Robert Tamis Frederick Hecht 《黑龙江环境通报》1988,8(4):297-301
We report herein a de novo unbalanced chromosome translocation in a fetus resulting from in vitro fertilization technology. Prenatal diagnostic analysis of an amniotic fluid revealed a 46,XX,4p+ karyotype. The origin of the extra material on the short arm of chromosome 4 could not be identified by a variety of banding techniques. However, examination of fetal parts did reveal some dysmorphic features. 相似文献
2.
Joe C. Rutledge Arthur G. Weinberg Jan M. Friedman Mary Jo Harrod Rigoberto Santos-Ramos 《黑龙江环境通报》1986,6(1):51-61
In utero sonographic diagnoses from forty-five malformed infants were correlated with their autopsy findings. Fifty-two malformations were diagnosed prenatally in 42 of the patients but 90 additional malformations were not. Nine sonographically diagnosed abnormalities were not confirmed at autopsy. Factors compromising sonographic diagnosis included: limited examinations, small fetal size, timing of examination, oligohydramnios, fetal position, nature of the malformation and unfamiliarity of the ultrasonographer with specific malformation syndromes. In vitro ultrasonography is an invaluable tool of diagnosing congenital malformations but has limitations. 相似文献
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YIN Da-qiang HU Shuang-qing GU Ying WEI Li LIU Shu-shen ZHANG Ai-qian 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(2):232-237
Bisphenol A (BPA) is the monomer component of polycarbonate plastics and classified as an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC). The reproductive toxicity of BPA has been extensively studied in mammals; however, relatively little information is available on the immunotoxic responses of fish to BPA. In this study, we investigated the effects of BPA on the immune functions of lymphocytes and macrophages in Carassius auratus. The effects of BPA were compared with those of two natural steroid hormones, estradiol and hydrocortisone. Proliferation of the two types of cells in response to PHA was measured using colorimetric MTT assay. Macrophage respiratory burst stimulated by Con A was measured using chemiluminescence assay. Results showed that BPA (0.054-5.4 mg/L), estradiol (0.0002-2.0 mg/L) and hydrocortisone (5-50 mg/L) significantly induced Carassius auratus lymphocyte proliferation while higher doses of hydrocortisone (500-5000 mg/L) appeared to be inhibitory. BPA (0.005-50 mg/L), estradiol (0.005-800 mg/L) and hydrocortisone (0.005-500 mg/L) markedly enhanced macrophage proliferation, whereas higher doses of BPA (500-1000 mg/L) appeared to inhibit cell proliferation. Furthermore, higher dosage of BPA (50 mg/L) and hydrocortisone (50 and 500 mg/L) suppressed the macrophages respiratory burst while estradiol is stimulative all the doses tested (0.05-500 mg/L). In conclusion, BPA could have immunotoxicity to Carassius auratus and functional changes of lymphocyte and macrophage in Carassius auratus may be different between low and high dosages. 相似文献
5.
以罗非鱼(Mossambica tilapia)为实验生物,研究了离体条件下其肝脏抗氧化系统中谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性对4种溴代阻燃剂(Brominated flame retardants,BFRs)——四溴联苯醚(BDE-47)、十溴联苯醚(BDE-209)、六溴环十二烷(HBCD)和四溴双酚A(TBBPA)的响应.研究结果表明:离体暴露于4种BFRs 1 h后,罗非鱼肝脏上清液中GSH含量和SOD活性随暴露剂量升高均呈现先升高后回落的趋势,但总体均高于对照组水平;GST活性则被抑制.上述3种抗氧化参数中,同一参数对4种BFRs响应均呈现一致的变化趋势,其中GST和SOD活性响应更为灵敏.GST活性对BDE-47、BDE-209和HBCD的最低响应浓度均低于1 ng·L-1,且与TBBPA和BDE-209在一定浓度范围内存在较好的剂量-效应关系;SOD活性对4种BFRs暴露较为敏感,最低响应浓度均低于10 ng·L-1,并且与除BDE-209外的上述3种污染物在一定的浓度范围内具有良好的剂量-效应关系.因此,GST和SOD活性指标是值得进一步研究的溴代阻燃剂污染候选生物标志物. 相似文献
6.
Adeola A. Adenugba Dena W. Mcmartin Angus J. Beck 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):410-421
This study reports on the potential for gastrointestinal (GI) mobilization and bioavailability of food-borne PCBs in humans. The development and validation of a GI simulator and operational protocols, developed in compliance with the requirements of German DIN 19738 risk assessment test procedure, are presented. Food, naturally contaminated with PCBs, was homogenized with simulated saliva fluid and shaken in the GI simulator with simulated gastric fluids (containing pepsin, mucine) for 2 h at 37°C. Afterwards, the simulated intestinal fluids (containing pepsin, mucine, trypsin, pancreatin, bile) were added and the mixture shaken for a further 6 h prior to centrifugation and filtration using Buchner funnels to separate the undigested GI residues from GI fluids. PCBs were recovered from GI residues and fluids by Soxhlet and liquid-liquid extraction respectively, cleaned up using silica-SFE, and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry detection (GC-MSD). Detailed studies with fish indicate variations in mobilization and bioavailability of Σ PCBs (28, 52, 101, 118, 153, 138 and 180). For example, the bioavailable fractions (fractions mobilized) in mackerel, salmon, crab and prawn were 0.77, 0.60, 0.54, and 0.72 respectively of the Σ PCBs initially present in these food samples. The bioavailable fraction was dependent on the physicochemical characteristics of the PCBs. In mackerel bioavailable fractions for individual PCB congeners ranged from 0.47–0.82, from 0.30–0.70 in salmon, 0.44–0.64 in crab and in prawn from 0.47–0.77. Future studies will focus on understanding better, the variability in bioavailable fractions to be expected for different foodstuffs, in addition to tissue culture techniques using human gut cell lines to investigate a simultaneous mobilization and absorption of food-borne PCBs. 相似文献
7.
Miroslava Císarová Dana Tančinová Juraj Medo Miroslava Kačániová 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2016,51(10):668-674
The aim of the present study was to assess the antifungal and anti-toxinogenic activity of 15 essential oils (EOs) against three fungi of the genus Aspergillus (A. parasiticus KMi-227-LR, A. parasiticus KMi-220-LR and A. flavus KMi-202-LR). The minimum inhibitory doses (MIDs) of the tested essential oils and their antifungal activity were determined using the micro-atmosphere method. The original commercial essential oil samples of Jasminum officinale L., Thymus vulgaris L., Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merrill &; Perry, Rosmarinus officinalis L., Ocimum basilicum L., Eucalyptus globulus Labill., Salvia officinalis L., Citrus limon (L.) Burm, Origanum vulgare L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Carum carvi L., Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck., Zingiber officinalis Rosc., Mentha piperita L. and Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees. (C. verum J.S.Presl.) were produced in Slovakia (Calendula a.s., Nová ?ubovňa, Slovakia). All essential oils exhibited activity against all tested strains of fungi. After 14 days of incubation, A. flavus (KMi-202-LR) showed the highest susceptibility with a growth inhibition percentage (GIP) of 18.70% to C. limon and 5.92% to C. sinensis, while A. parasiticus (KMi-220-LR) exhibited a GIP of 20.56% to J. officinale. The minimum inhibitory doses (MIDs) of EOs with the most significant activity were recorded. The best antifungal activity, using the micro-atmosphere method was found in S. aromaticum with an MID of 62.5 μL L?1 air, T. vulgaris (MID of 62.5 μL L?1 air) and O. vulgare (MID of 31.5 μL L?1 air) against all tested strains. Mycotoxin production of the tested strains was evaluated by the thin layer chromatography (TLC) method. Mycotoxin production of AFB1 and AFG1 was inhibited following all treatments with C. carvi, R. officinale and S. officinale, Eucalyptus globulus L. and O. basilicum L. Essential oils exhibited a potential inhibition activity against toxic fungi, although, these affected only the production of AFB1. 相似文献
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采用体外受精技术评价环境污染物 2 ,2’ ,4,4’ 和 3,3’ ,4,4’ 四氯联苯对小白鼠卵母细胞受精能力和 2 细胞胚胎发育的毒性作用 .实验结果表明 :ρ(PCB) =0 .1,1.0 ,10 .0mg/mL的 2 ,2’ ,4,4’ 和 3,3’ ,4,4’ 四氯联苯均显著降低小白鼠卵母细胞的受精能力 ;ρ(PCB) =1.0 ,10 .0mg/mL的 2 ,2’ ,4,4’ 和 3,3’ ,4,4’ 四氯联苯使卵母细胞的退化率和 2 细胞的畸形率显著增加 ;两种四氯联苯对小白鼠卵母细胞体外受精能力、退化率和 2 细胞胚胎的畸形率无统计差异 .表 2参 2 5 相似文献
10.
Miroslava Kačániová Nenad Vukovič Elena Horská Ivan šalamon Alica Bobková Lukáš Hleba 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(7):505-512
In the present study, the antimicrobial and antiradical activities of 15 essential oils were investigated. The antimicrobial activities were determined by using agar disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods against Clostridium genus and antioxidant properties of essential oils by testing their scavenging effect on DPPH radicals activities. We determined the antibacterial activity of Clostridium butyricum, Clostridium hystoliticum, Clostridium intestinale, Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium ramosum. We obtained the original commercial essential oils samples of Lavandula angustifolia, Carum carvi, Pinus montana, Mentha piperita, Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Pinus sylvestris, Satureia montana, Origanum vulgare L. (2 samples), Pimpinella anisum, Rosmarinus officinalis L., Salvia officinalis L., Abies alba Mill., Chamomilla recutita L. Rausch and Thymus vulgaris L. produced in Slovakia (Calendula a.s., Nova Lubovna, Slovakia). The results of the disk diffusion method showed very high essential oils activity against all tested strains of microorganisms. The best antimicrobial activity against C. butyricum was found at Pimpinella anisum, against C. hystoliticum was found at Pinus sylvestris, against C. intestinale was found at Satureia hortensis L., against C. perfringens was found at Origanum vulgare L. and against C. ramosum was found at Pinus sylvestris. The results of broth microdilution assay showed that none of the essential oils was active against C. hystoliticum. The best antimicrobial activity against C. butyricum was found at Abies alba Mill., against C. intestinale was found at Abies alba Mill., against C. perfringens was found at Satureia montana and against C. ramosum was found at Abius alba and Carum carvi. Antioxidant DPPH radical scavenging activity was determined at several solutions of oil samples (50 μL.mL?1–0.39 μL.mL?1) and the best scavenging effect for the highest concentration (50 μL.mL?1) was observed. The antioxidant properties were different in particular plant species. The highest% of inhibition after 30 min. of reaction was observed at Origanum vulgare (93%), Satureia montana (90.66%) and Lavandula augustifolia (90.22%). 相似文献