环境监测生产性及业务创新探讨

探讨了环境监测的生产性问题。监测主体的生产性,即社会化大生产及其排污是环境监测的本源和主体;监测过程的生产性,即环境监测是社会化生产过程;监测价值的生产性,即环境监测价值通过环境监测信息产品的使用价值来实现。针对环境监测业务中逆生产性问题,明确了环境监测业务发展3大方向,即加强污染源监测、发挥环境监测生产能力和提升环境监测信息产品使用价值。提出了创新环境监测站生产方式、发展社会监测力量和加强监测行业监管的建议。     

基层环境监测站业务风险管理现状与对策

简述了基层环境监测业务风险管理现状及存在的问题,对业务风险管理的认识程度不高,业务风险管理的系统性不强,缺少环境监测业务风险管理指导性文件。提出,应树立正确的环境监测业务风险理念,建立环境监测业务风险管理组织机构,健全与监测工作紧密结合的业务风险管理体系,优先监控风险高的环境监测工作,大力培养风险管理人才。     

农户兼业阶段性分化探析

当前农户兼业的阶段性分化其本质是农户之间兼业进程的不统一,进而导致了严重的农村社会分化问题。本文利用江苏省苏北地区农户调研数据分析了当前农户兼业阶段性分化的现状及其带来的社会后果,利用似不相关双变量Probit模型分析了农户兼业阶段性分化的原因,得出了阻碍农户兼业发展的主要制约因素。结果显示,家庭人力资本稀缺是农户实现兼业生产的主要制约因素,农户无法进行非农工作主要是受到家庭人口规模小、老龄化严重的限制,这一部分农户家庭生活水平低,面临严重的"贫困陷阱"。政府直接干预土地流转使部分农户被动退出了农业生产,形式上实现了农户兼业进程的统一,但损害了农户的土地权益,造成农村土地产权不稳定,降低了农户自发性退农倾向,妨碍了土地市场的进一步发展,因此实质上对农户兼业进程起到了阻碍作用。此外,由于土地承包经营证书对承包经营权权能、地块四至等信息界定不清晰,对农户兼业进程的发展没有刺激作用。综合以上结论可知,土地产权以及农户家庭人力资本是导致当前农户阶段性分化的主要原因。政府不应对农村土地市场进行直接干预,而应通过完善农村社保体系、扶持农户非农就业、加快新一轮土地确权发证工作以促进土地市场与农户兼业进程的发展,在市场机制为主、政府调控为辅的环境下合理实现土地的集中与农业规模经营。     

Industrial pollution,spatial stigma and economic decline: the case of Asopos river basin through the lens of local small business owners

This paper explores the notion of environmentally induced spatial stigma through an analysis of data from interviews across public attitudes to pollution within the Asopos river basin in central Greece. The area has a 40 year plus history of legal and illicit industrial waste disposal and public debate on the associated environmental degradation. The study focuses on the perceptions and beliefs of a sector of the community likely to be directly and negatively affected by stigma, that is small business owners in the tourism and hospitality sector. The qualitative analysis explores awareness and viewpoints on environmental degradation and water quality within the local context, implications for the local economy and the individual's own enterprise, views on industrial environmental management as well as corporate responsibility and future prospects for the environmental problems of Asopos. Findings reveal a noticeable variation in views on industrial pollution and ecosystem deterioration among the respondents, but overall a strong environmentally induced stigmatization of the area. They also uncover an information asymmetry and lack of credible commitment by government bodies and industry members in disclosing accurate information, a situation likely to increase speculation and uncertainty within the community. The paper concludes by addressing implications of the findings to policy-making and managerial considerations, along with future research perspectives which aim to increase considerations of sustainability aspects for local development.     

Environmental implications of planned obsolescence and product lifetime: a literature review

The aim of this paper was to explore the implications of planned obsolescence (PO) and the associated product lifetime on the environmental impact of products. To achieve this task, a literature review was performed to assess both the historical context and recent situation of planned obsolescence. A search in scholarly journals was performed to evaluate to what extent product lifetime and PO have been discussed in the recent literature. Based on the findings, selected cases of PO are discussed and trends in the practice of limiting product lifetime are identified. Factors considered to have a significant influence on product lifetime have been identified and discussed. The discussion of case studies made it possible to establish the links between product design, manufacturing and associated impacts of lifetime. The role of the actors along the value chain is also considered to propose a business scheme, where the influences of consumer behaviour and design choices are crucial. Finally, strategies to facilitate the definition of different scenarios are given. These strategies may serve to increase the reliability of environmental assessment throughout a product life cycle.     

内容依托教学在高职商务英语专业的应用效果研究

选取47名高职商务英语专业的学生为研究对象,采用教学前后对比的方式,考察内容依托教学对学生英语能力、学习兴趣及时代意识的影响。研究表明,除写作能力外,通过内容依托教学学生的英语能力有很大提高,尤其是阅读能力。此外,内容依托教学还提升了学生的学习兴趣,以及跨时代、跨学科的学习意识。     

我国土壤修复行业面临的问题及商业模式分析

基于我国土壤污染的严峻形势,分析了我国土壤修复行业面临的主要问题。针对我国土壤修复资金需求量大,资金来源困难、责任界定情况复杂等现状,探讨了"谁污染,谁治理"、"谁使用,谁治理"、"政府出资"、RT、ROT、ROO、TRT等几种适合我国国情的土壤修复商业模式。同时,结合我国土壤修复行业正处于成长期初级阶段的现实情况,展望了我国土壤修复行业的发展,并给出了一些有益建议。     

课堂、网络、宿舍三位一体的商务英语实践环境建设

对高职院校商务英语实践环境现状进行了分析,并结合高职商务英语教学的培养目标及中国环境管理干部学院商务英语专业建设实际,提出建设高职商务英语专业校园立体化实践环境模式。立体化实践环境主要包括课堂、网络和宿舍三个方面,并以网络交流平台为重点及主要特色。     

Japan’s experience of energy saving and business model for low-carbon economy

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the questions concerning stimulation of the innovation and the diffusion of energy saving or low-carbon.To do so,this paper explains using two cases of Japan-energy saving innovation after the Oil Shock and the eco points system.For the case after the oil shock,we explain the energy saving trend after the Oil Shock and the factors statistically.Then we put forward the business model for the low-carbon economy.Furthermore,we analyze the case of the eco points system from 2009-2011 in Japan and explain the significance of the business model for diffusion of the low-carbon products.     

经常性暴雨内涝区域房屋财(资)产脆弱性研究——以温州市为例

基于洪涝灾害脆弱性研究基本思路,选择经常性暴雨内涝区域——温州市麻步镇和水头镇,就0908号台风"莫拉克"影响开展"暴雨内涝灾后房屋财产和商业资产损失"抽样问卷调查。结果表明:淹没区域平均水深1.7m,平均淹没时间超过2 d,房屋财(资)产损失较大;经常性暴雨内涝区域30%住户和商铺灾害损失值和灾损率接近0,房屋财产和商业资产灾损率呈现乘幂函数曲线。