新生代农民工市民化问题探析——基于生活满意度视角

新生代农民工市民化是我国当前重大社会问题,了解新生代农民工市民化的需求与驱动力对于促进其主动市民化,构建和谐社会具有重要意义。本文认为农民工市民化的过程就是其在城镇就业、定居进而构建并不断提高生活满意程度的过程,因而生活满意度是新生代农民工市民化的实质驱动力。利用四川省成都市的实地调查数据与实证分析,基于296份新生代农民工的问卷调查,采用多元回归分析技术,探讨了经济收入、社会福利、社会地位及社会关系等对新生代农民工生活满意度的影响程度。分析结果表明:新生代农民工具有追求平等、发展与融入城市的强烈愿望,其生活满意程度取决于经济收入、社会福利、社会地位及社会关系等方面与城市人的横向比较结果。最后提出了就业环境公平化、社会福利均等化及市民化教育等对策建议,从而有利于促进其从经济、社会到心理的城市融入。

Exploring the Urbanizition of New-generation Migrant Workers in China:From the Prospective of Life Satisfaction

Urbanization of new-generation migrants is a significant social issue at present.To understand their urbanization needs and driving force is significant for promoting their initiative urbanization and building the harmonious society.The urbanization of migrant workers is essentially a process for them to be employed,to be located and to build and improve their life satisfaction constantly.Therefore,life satisfaction is the virtual driving force for the urbanization of new-generation migrant workers.Based on the 296 samples questionnaire survey data from Chengdu City,Sichuan Province,this paper takes use of the logistic multiple regression method to analyze how the factors which include the economic income,social welfare,social status and social relationships influence the life satisfaction of the new-generation migrant workers.The findings are as follows: firstly,the new-generation migrant workers have strong desires to pursuit equity,self-development and integration into cities.Secondly,their life satisfaction is partially determined by the horizontal comparison with the citizens from perspectives of income,social well-being,social status and social relationship,etc..Finally,some suggestions are put forwards such as to create fair employment environment,to provide equal social welfare and urbanization education for the migrants in order to hasten their urbanization from economic,social and mental levels.