空难对湿地浮游植物的影响

浮游植物已经广泛应用于环境影响评价.包头"11·21"空难对南海子浮游植物的种类、种群结构、优势种(属)、细胞密度、种类数和细胞密度的空间分布产生了重要影响.调查表明:南海子浮游植物有5门27属,其中蓝藻门有5个属,隐藻门有2个属,硅藻门有5个属,裸藻门有2个属,绿藻门有13个属;蓝藻门和绿藻门为南海子的优势门类,其中微囊藻、平裂藻和栅藻为优势属;南海子浮游植物的Margelef种类丰度指数为0.9646,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为0.7647,空难后南海子水体污染严重;浮游植物(特别是富营养化指示藻类)的种类数和细胞密度的高值区主要出现在污染水域.南海子水质的浮游植物生物学评价结果表明,空难事故后南海子水体已属于严重富营养化水平. 

Study on Effects of the Air Disaster on Phytoplankton of Wetland

The biological assessment of water quality using phytoplankton has been used worldwidely.The Baotou "11·21" Air Disaster had significant influence on the species,community composition,dominant species,cell density and the spatial distribution of the species amount and cell density.5 phyla and 27 species of phytoplankton have been recorded,including 5 species of Cyanophyta,2 species of Cryptophyta,5 species of Bacillariophyta,2 species of Euglenophyta and 13 species of Chlorophyta.Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta were dominant phyla in cell density,Microcystis,Merismopedia and Scenedesmus were dominant species.The Margelef species richness index is(0.964 6) and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index is(0.764 6) in Nanhaizi.The spatial distribution of phytoplankton has obvious difference.Nanhaizi was densely polluted and belonged to severe eutrophic water according to the bio-assessment of phytoplankton.